Kesimpulan Pengembangan Formulasi Insektisida Nabati Berbahan Ekstrak Brucea javanica, Piper aduncum, dan Tephrosia vogelii untuk Pengendalian Hama Kubis Crocidolomia pavonana
60
4 GANGGUAN FISIOLOGI DAN BIOKIMIA Crocidolomia
pavonana AKIBAT PENGARUH EKSTRAK Tephrosia vogelii DAN
Piper aduncum
Physiological And Biochemical Interferences of Crocidolomia pavonana Caused By Tephrosia vogelii and Piper aduncum Extracts
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh ekstrak campuran T. vogelii : P. aduncum 1:5 terhadap fisiologi C. pavonana, meliputi penghambatan
makan, asimilasi makanan, dan aktivitas enzim sitokrom P450. Senyawa sekunder tanaman menjadi pembatas kesesuaian serangga dengan tanaman inangnya.
Penghambatan makan merupakan salah satu bentuk pengaruh ekstrak campuran T. vogelii : P. aduncum 1:5 terhadap larva C. pavonana. Pada konsentrasi 0.06
atau setara dengan LC
95
penghambatan makan mencapai 94.82. Pengujian asimilasi makanan terhadap larva C. pavonana yang diberi perlakuan ekstrak
campuran T. vogelii : P. aduncum 1:5 pada LC
25
dan LC
50
menunjukkan adanya gangguan pertumbuhan relatif. Gangguan ini disebabkan toksisitas intrinsik
ekstrak campuran yang masuk ke dalam tubuh serangga. Selain gangguan pada pertumbuhan larva uji, juga terjadi peningkatan daya cerna serangga sebesar
11.11 sebagai bentuk adaptasi terhadap senyawa toksik tumbuhan. Larva C. pavonana juga melakukan detoksifikasi senyawa aktif dari P. aduncum. Hal ini
tampak dari peningkatan aktivitas enzim oksidasi sitokrom b5 dan sitokrom P450 pada perlakuan in-vivo dan in-vitro jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol
Kata kunci: asimilasi, antifeedant, enzim, oksidasi, sitokrom
Abstract
The aims of the study was to reveal the effect of extracts mixture of T. vogelii: P. aduncum 1:5 on the physiology of C. pavonana which include
feeding inhibitory effect, the food assimilation, and the response of cytochrome P450 enzymes larvae of C. pavonana to P. aduncum extract through in-vitro and
in-vivo test. Plant secondary compounds were known as limiting factor in suitability between herbivores and their host plant. Inhibition on feeding process
is one form of a mixture of extracts of T. vogelii: P. aduncum 1:5 discrepancy against the larvae of C. pavonana. At a concentration of 0.06 or equivalent to
LC
95
feeding inhibition reached 94.82. Assimilation food test to the larvae C. pavonana which was treated with mixture extract of T. vogelii: P. aduncum 1:5
at LC
25
and LC
50
indicated the relative growth disorders. This disorder is caused by the intrinsic toxicity of the extract mixture into the insects body. In addition to
the disturbances in larval growth was also an increase in the C. pavonana digestibility around 11.11 as a form of adaptation to toxic plant compounds. The
larvae of C. pavonana detoxify the active compounds of P. aduncum. It appeared from the increase in oxidative enzyme activity of cytochrome b5 and cytochrome
P450 which raised in in-vivo and in-vitro treatments when compared to control.
Keywords: antifeedant, assimilation, cytochrome, enzyme, oxidation