Formulation of the Problem Objectives of the Research
text or an expression is rewritten in different words within a language. In other words, it deals with rephrasing or simplifying a text or an expression, e.g. a word correct is
translated into true which those words have the same meaning in one language. 2 Interlingual Translation Translation Proper
Interlingual translation is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of some other languages. It involves a transferring message from a certain language into other
languages with two or more different languages, e.g. a text or an expression from Bahasa Indonesia is translated into English andor Italian.
3 Intersemiotic Translation Transmutation Intersemiotic translation is a translation of verbal signs by means of signs of
non verbal sign system. It can be a written text which is translated into a different medium and is not expressed in the form of language, such as music, film, or
painting. Besides, sign language is included intersemiotic translation since the language is transferred into signals to communicate with people who unable to hear.
In this research, the researcher uses a novel Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk which uses Indonesian language and the English version The Dancer in analyzing address
terms. According to three types of translation by Jakobson, those novels are included in interlingual translation since Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk are translated into English
and some other languages, such as Japanese, German, and Dutch. Another type of translation is stated by Rochayah Machali. Machali 1998:
168 classifies two types of translation based on two types of shifts. Those types are total translation and adaptive translation. Total translation is define as
“in which all
aspects of meaning are translated, with predominantly obligatory shifts occurring.” This type can also be regarded as recreating. Meanwhile adaptive translation is
defined as “in which there is an adaption in the text character locally or globally, with
or without shifting in generic type or world views.”