d. Compensation
Compensation is a strategy where the translator introduces a source language element of information or stylistic effect in another place in the target language
because it cannot be reflected in the same place as in the source language. Its purpose is to balance the semantic losses that translation involves. For instance,
“Bagaimana,
Nyai Kartareja ” is translated into “What do you think?” In this case, the translator
translates Nyai Kartareja into you, the translator has to express degree of formality in different way that is using you in which it can be formal and informal and preserve
the same level of formality.
e. Omission
Omission occurs when the translator omits or reduces a source language information in the target language. It happens when the information is considered
unnecessary due to the cultural term does not perform a relevant function or may mislead the reader. Omission is aimed to avoid repetitions, misleading information, or
lack of naturalness. For example, “Eh, jangan begitu, wong ayu,” is translated into
“Don’t be like that.” The words wong ayu are omitted by the translator.
f. Description
Description occurs when a word is replaced by a description of its form or function. It can be regarded as a kind of paraphrasing. For example,
“Mau makan,
Jenganten? ” is translated into “Would you like something to eat, young lady?” The
words young lady is a description of a word Jenganten.
g. Equivalence
According to Vinay and Dalbernet, equivalence refers to a strategy that describes the same situation by using completely different stylistic or structural
methods for producing equivalent texts. In means that the translator employs a term recognized as an established equivalent in the target language. This strategy is usually
used in translating formulaic language such as idiom, collocation, proverb, etc.
h. Amplification
Amplification is the opposite of omission. This strategy is used to introduce details that are not mentioned or expressed in the source language. The details can be
more information, translator’s note, or explicative paraphrasing. For instance, a
sentence “Ku kira kalian memang perlu istirahat.” is translated into “I guess all of you need some rest anyway.
” In the target language, there is detailed information that in the dialogue kalian refers to all the people in the dialogue.
i. Generalization
Generalization occurs when a word in the source language is replaced by a more general or more neutral word in the target language. It is used for stylistic
reasons and to avoid unnecessary repetitions or ambiguities. For example, a sentence
“Kakang yang harus menari.” is translated into “You have to dance.” It is
categorized into generalization since the word Kakang is used to address an older man or a brother. Meanwhile, in the target language, it is translated into you which
does not distinguish gender and age.
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