In Figure 7, it shows how significant the techniques of adjustment are in influencing the acceptability levels. It shows that most of additions, subtractions,
alterations, and additions + subtractions + alterations are considered acceptable; while most of alterations, additions + subtractions, and additions + alterations are
considered less acceptable.
B. Discussion
In this part, based on the problem formulated in the first chapter, the discussions are classified into three main sections. The first section is the
description of the adjustment techniques used by the interpreter. Then, the second section is the description of the meaning accuracy of the interpreting. And then,
the last section is the description of the expression acceptability of the interpreting.
10 20
30 40
50
Add Sub
Alt Add
+ Sub
Add +
Alt Sub
+ Alt
Add +
Sub +
Alt
50
14 16
7 5
1 3
39
2 18
12 8
1 1
1 1
1
Acceptable Less Acceptable
Unacceptable
Figure 7.
The Adjustment Techniques’ Effect on the Acceptability Levels
1. Description of the Techniques
This section discusses the techniques of adjustment employed by the interpreter in
Barbara O’Neil’s seminar entitled Rewiring the Brain. There are seven techniques employed by the interpreter, consisting of three separated
techniques, including 1 additions, 2 subtractions, and 3 alterations, and then four combined techniques, including 1 additions + subtractions, 2 .additions +
alterations, 3 subtractions + alterations, and 4 additions + subtractions + alterations. Those seven techniques are discussed as follows.
a. Additions Add
Additions is the technique most frequently used by the interpreter in the seminar, taking up 89 data or 49.44. This research found that the interpreter
employs five types of additions, plus some combinations of additions’ types. They
are: 1 obligatory specifications, 2 additions required by grammatical restructuring, 3 amplification from implicit to explicit status, 4 connectives, and
5 doublet, plus some combinations of such types. The explanations of those types are presented as follows.
1 Obligatory Specification
It is a types of additions in which the purpose is to avoid ambiguity in the target language formations and to avoid misleading reference Nida, 1964: 228.
By specifying some references, it is hoped the audience will be able to understand the message the speaker conveyed. During the seminar, the interpreter uses this
type of additions separately 7 times or 3.89. The first examples are presented as follows.
Datum 059seg89A16:31Add.2AA
SE: It causes this blood sugar levels drop. TE: Gula putih akan menyebabkan anjloknya gula darah.
In the example above, the word „it’ in the source expression is interpreted
as „gula putih’ literally, „sugar’ in the target expression. The decision of
specifying such word is because the audience may not understand what „it’ refers
to if it is interpreted literary. In this case, to specify the word „it’ is an obligation.
Another example is presented as follows. Datum 139seg27748:45Add.2AB
SE: And these are the receiving stations.
TE: Dan ini adalah stasiun-stasiun penerima rangsangan.
In the second example above, to make a clearer description of the main message of the source expression and to avoid ambiguity in the target expression,
the phrase „the receiving stations’ is interpreted as „stasiun-stasiun penerima
rangsangan ’ literally, „the signal receiving stations’. The word „rangsangan’
literally, „signal’ is added in the source expression since it may not be clear enough what the stations is actually receiving if such term is not added. Here, to
add such term in order to specify an unclear term in the source expression is considered obligatory. The last example of this type, obligatory specification, is
presented as follows. Datum 142seg28450:27Add.2AA
SE: How do we develop a new one? TE: Bagaimana kita bisa mempunyai dendrit baru?
