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THE EFFECT OF GIVING COMMON SNAKE HEAD
CHANNA STRIATA
ON PERINEAL WOUND HEALING IN POSTPARTUM MOTHER
IN BPM NY. TITIN S. MUBIN KARANGGENENG LAMONGAN Heny Ekawati
Stikes Muhammadiyah Lamongan Email: unamubarokgmail.com
ABSTRACT
Perineal wound is a wound caused of the birth canal laceration well as in episotomy or not, at the time of birth the fetus. One of the way for fast perineal wound healing is gived common snakehead. The
aim study for knowing the effect of giving Common Snakehead
Channa Striata
On Perineal Wound Healing In Postpartum Mother. The design of the study uses Quasy Experimental. The population is
all of postpartum mother in BPM Ny. Titin S. Mubin, Amd. Keb in February to April 2014. The sampling technique uses consecutive sampling. Sample are taken by 30 respondents to include
inclusion criteria. The research data is taken using observation sheets and SOP. Processing data using editing, coding, and tabulating, and then analyzed using the mann whitney test with a significance
level α = 0,05. The result showes almost entirely or 80 perineal wound healing fast category experienced of postpartum mother is given common snake head
Channa Striata
. While, almost entirely or 86.7 perineal wound healing slow category experienced of postpartum mother not given
common snakehead
Channa Striata.
The results of statistical tests obtained results are the effect of giving common snakehead
Channa Striata
on wound healing of the perineal with a value of Z = - 3598 and with a significance level of 0.000 p 0.05. The conclusion, giving common snakehead can
used as alternative for perineal wound healing. Key word : postpartum mother, wound perineal, given common snakehead
INTRODUCTION
Childbirth is the process of spending the products of conception that can live in the
uterus through the vagina from the outside world Wiknjosastro, 2005. Childbirth is a
normal process that occurs at the expense of the fetus at term gestation 37-42 weeks, was
born spontaneously with the presentation in the back of the head that lasted 18 hours, with
no complications for both the mother and the indications such as 1 a large baby, 2
abnormal head position, 3 Birth buttocks, 4 extraction forceps are difficult, 5 shoulder
dystocia Saifuddin, 2008. Meanwhile, according to Varney 2007, perineal
laceration can be classified as follows: 1 the degree: laceration involving the vaginal
mucosa, posterior fourchette and perineal skin. 2 Second degree: laceration that resulted in
the vaginal mucosa, posterior fourchette, perineal skin and muscles of the perineal. 3
fetus. Prawirohardjo, 2002. However
Degree three: Lacerations involving the perineal laceration occurred in nearly all first
births and not infrequently also in the next delivery. Perineal wound is a wound in the
perineal because of the birth canal laceration well as episiotomy and delivery of a fetus
Wiknjosastro, 2005.
The cause of perineal injuries can be caused by two factors: 1 Maternal factors:
maternal factors such as 1 parturition precipitatus are not controlled and are not
helped, 2 The patient is not able to stop pushing, 3 parturition hastily resolved to
urge Excessive fundus, 4 edema and fragility of the perineal. 2 Indication of the fetus: fetal
476 vaginal mucosa, posterior fourchette, perineal
skin, perineal muscles and the external anal sphincter. 4 Degrees Four: Lacerations
involving the vaginal mucosa, fourchetter posterior perineal skin, perineal muscles,
external anal sphincter, rectum and anterior wall.
In the wound healing process in addition to new mothers require proper wound
care, also require nutrition mainly albumin and protein. When albumin and protein
requirement is rarely met in the wound healing process of the tissue cells of the body will be
hampered in building and replacing the cells in
the wound tissue perineal wound healing process lasts so long. In Indonesia ancestral
herb for healing after childbirth is still widely used, even by modern society in this way has
not been widely used. For example, perineal sutures for wound healing, traditional societies
use common snakehead to be consumed daily in order to accelerate the process of wound
healing of the perineal. However, meeting the needs of albumin and protein by using a fish
cork has not been widely used, but according to the study conducted by prof. Dr.. Ir. Eddy
Suprayitno MS, fish cork containing albumin is high enough so that it can accelerate wound
healing of the perineal and the rapid wound healing can prevent the occurrence of
infections Kordi, 2010.
In the community itself is still a lot of mothers who experience postpartum perineal
wound healing delays, where the 7th day after the wound is still there crusta, no adhesions at
the turn of the bandage, no scarring, no signs of infection, inflammation and granulation are
still not visible, the former wound is not good Pusdiknakes, 2003.
Based on data from the World Health Organization WHO in 2009 there were 2.7
million cases of rupture of the perineal at birth mother. This figure is estimated to reach 6.3
million by 2050, along with the high midwife midwifery care that do not know well. In the
26 million Americans who experience maternal perineal rupture, 40 had rupture of
the perineal because of the negligence of the midwife. In Asia rupture of the perineal is also
a considerable problem in the community, 50 of the incidence of rupture of the perineal
in the world occur in Asia. The prevalence of maternal experiencing perineal rupture in
Indonesia in the age group 25-30 years is 24 while at the maternal age of 32 -39 years by
62.
The results of the initial survey conducted by researchers for one week in
BPM Ny.Titin S. Mubin, Amd.Keb.Lamongan Karanggeneng there were 10 mothers who
experience postpartum perineal wound. Of the 10 mothers there are 7 people or 70 of new
mothers experience a delay in wound healing of the perineal and 3 people or 30 of
puerperal women have experienced in the wound healing process. Based on the data in
the above description, that the majority of new mothers experience a delay in wound healing
of the perineal.
477 Physiologically perineal wound will
begin to improve within 6-7 days postpartum. As for some of the factors that affect wound
healing of the perineal are internal factors and external factors. Internal factors that affect the
healing of the perineal include: 1 Nutrition. Nutritional factors, especially protein will
greatly affect the wound healing process perinium because the network is in desperate
need of protein turnover. Protein requirements will be needed in the process of wound healing
lacerations of the birth canal, because this protein serves as a building block cells that
have been damaged. When this protein needs are lacking in wound healing process the tissue
cells of the body will be hampered in building change cells and tissue in the birth canal
laceration wound healing process lasts so long Kartika, 2008. 2 Personal hygiene or vulva
hygiene. If personal hygiene maintained in less postpartum mothers will lead to an infection
Moya, 2003. Personal hygiene or lack of personal hygiene can also slow healing, it may
cause foreign objects such as dust and germs Smeltzer, 2002, 3 maternal condition. If the
condition of a healthy mother, then the mother can take care of themselves well. 4
Descendants, 5 age, 6 hemorrhage, 7 hypovolemic, 8 local edema factor, 9
nutritional deficit, 10 oxygen deficit, and 11 over the activity. While external factors
affecting the perineal wound healing include: 1 Environment. Support from family, where
the mother will always feel the protection and support and advice, especially parents in
caring for hygiene after childbirth. 2 Tradition. sutures for wound healing after
surgery, using a traditional community fish or fish cork curse to be consumed daily in order
to accelerate the process of wound healing stitches. 3 Knowledge. If the mothers lack of
knowledge thereof problems of food consumed wound healing will take a long time
4 Socio-economic, 5 Handling officer, 6 Network Management, 7 Drugs Smeltzer,
2002.
Impact of delay in the first perineal wound healing is infection, which affected
locheaperineal conditions and moisture will greatly support the proliferation of bacteria
which can cause infection in the perineal. The second occurrence of complications, the
emergence of infection in the perineal can propagate in the gallbladder or in the birth
canal that can result in the emergence of