Comparison of the Tendon suture effectiveness of Samu Modification

showed 40.4 of 89 mothers experience in low levels have increased reactivity postpartum depression Shlomi manifestations include emotional Polachek, Huller Harari, Baum, R, 2014. While in Indonesia, a study conducted on 90 mothers in the postpartum hospital X Medan 43.3 of respondents experiencing postpartum depression Yusdiana, 2011. Some results of these studies showed high rates of postpartum depression in the community. The high prevalence of postpartum depression is influenced by many factors. Demographic factors such as age, marital status, parity, education level and economic status take a role as one of stressor that contribute to postpartum depression. In addition, psychosocial factors such as family support also be a determining factor for the emergence of postpartum tension, focus decreases, crying and upset and always afraid to do something. Manifestations of postpartum depression in a fairly heavy level include persistent sad, low self esteem, strained, decreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, feeling lonely, emotional instability, confusion, neglect of children and even the idea of suicide Epifanio et al., 2015. Postpartum depression requiring fast and precise handling, as it not only affects the health of the mother but also the babys health. Further effects of postpartum depression is the increased morbidity for mother and baby. Research conducted by Paul et al 2012 showed maternal morbidity is increased in women with postpartum depression. But the most widely morbidity depression. Perinatal depression or experienced by their babies. The anxiety is also regarded as one of the important predisposing factor for the emergence of postpartum depression. Various factors contribute to each other increase the incidence of postpartum depression Shlomi Polachek et al., 2014. AIM The aims of this article to explore the factors that take a role in the increased incidence of postpartum depression. Analyses were performed with a literature review to see how much these factors contribute to stimulated postpartum depression. LITERATURE Postpartum depression is a continuation of postpartum anxiety where mood becomes unstable that lasted 10 days until 4 weeks postpartum. Postpartum depression is a psychological problem that is quite a lot going in the community, but less disruption of breastfeeding in mothers with postpartum depression causes the baby had serious diseases such as pathological Hiperbilirubin. Postpartum depression will lower oxytocin levels that would reduce breastfeeding. Thus postpartum depression will affect the health of the mother and baby. Etiology of postpartum depression has not been identified until now, but the research on risk factors has improved a lot. Growing epidemiological studies show that postpartum depression occurs when there are specific risk factors that become a major stressor. But further study showed that postpartum depression occurs when there are several risk factors that accumulate into a stressor. The risk factors include demographic factors, psychosocial and perinatal history of depression. Demographic factors including age, parity, economic status, marital status, local traditions. Support families in particular husbands support also takes recognized by public. Postpartum the role of psychosocial factors in depression makes the new mother has not been able to take a role in caring for children after more than 10 days postpartum Basri, Zulkifli, and Abdullah, 2014. Postpartum depression 746 increasing the incidence of postpartum anxiety or depression. History of stress or anxiety during pregnancy either at the beginning or end of the trimester also increases the risk of the incidence of postpartum psychological disorders. Various predisposing factors are considered to contribute significantly to the onset of anxiety or depression postpartum Epifanio et al., 2015. One as one reason for the emergence of postpartum depression. Lack of family financial capabilities would make the mother more anxious in thinking of ways to fulfill the needs of the newborn. demographic factors affecting Anxiety lead the mother into a postpartum depression is age. Age who are at risk of experiencing postpartum depression is a young age 20 years and elderly 35 years. This is because, at a young age lack of experience and mood disorders are still common difficult adaptation to the new role that trigger the onset of parenting stress. While old age is a risk of gestational age contributed to stimulated perinatal anxiety. Pregnant women with older age are more focused on the risks postpartum depression if she can‟t handled well Basri et al, 2014. In addition to demographic factors, psychosocial factors also contribute significantly to the emergence of postpartum depression. The main psychosocial factors that lead to the emergence of depression is family support. Families support have a major impact for the mother postpartum because the family is the primary support system mother in adapting to her they face during pregnancy and new role. If the family support childbirth. This is exactly what contributes to cause anxiety or depression prenatal Wahyuni, Murwati, Supiati, 2014. The second demographic factors that increase the risk of postpartum depression is parity. Primiparous believed to have suffered postpartum depression tendency level of the multiparous. This is attributed to the lack of experience primiparity in adapting to a new role as a parent. The transition period to become parents will bring confusion for primiparous so can cause stress of parenting. Parenting stress would be a specific stressor thus increasing the risk of the emergence of postpartum depression Wahyuni et al, 2014. The third demographic factors contribute to postpartum depression is the mothers education. Low education is rated as one of the risk factors of inadequate, then the problem will lead postpartum depression occurs Urbayatun, 2010. The last factor considered to contribute to the emergence of postpartum depression is a history of prenatal anxiety or depression. Prenatal anxiety or depression is stressfull life event for postpartum mothers. The prenatal anxiety or depression will accumulate and make postpartum mothers become more vulnerable and sensitive to adaptation the roles changes Shlomi et al, 2014. DISCUSSION The first is the age demographic factors age 20 years and 35 years increase the risk of postpartum mothers experience depression. The prevalence of postpartum depression occurs in young mothers. Age is considered to contribute to increase the risk of postpartum depression. This is postpartum anxiety or depression associated with a lack of knowledge and because at a young age the greater limitations of the use of information that possibility of mood disorders. In would result in low postpartum maternal skills in adapting to her new role. Limitations that will have an impact on the increased risk of postpartum depression Wijayanti, Wijayanti, Nuryanti, 2013. addition, postpartum mothers at a young age have the skills that are lacking in managing the emotions associated with the changes that occur postpartum. The lack of skills is considered to contribute to the onset of postpartum depression The next demographic factor is Wijayanti, Wijayanti, Nuryanti, family income. Low family income seen 747 2013. Australian study also says that