Lamk Extract With Concentration Variation of Citric

Introduction The eldery population are a susceptible population towards the health problems, so that the percentage of elderly health services utilization was very high. According to the Indonesia Family Life Survey East 2012, percentage of outpatient by elderly health service utilization in Eastern Indonesia in 2012 only 20.63. The percentage is quite small when compared to some study in America, which stating that the elderly is the age group that has the biggest number of health service utilization compared to other age groups. Health care programs for elderly in community health centers are diverse, one of which was village-based health care programs as we known in Indonesia as “Posyandu” for elderly. The program showed that the government is responsible for the availability of health services for the elderly especially at community health centers. Besides community health centers, private practitioner was also a type of health facilities that exist in society. The existence of private practitioner would lead the public, particularly the elderly to have a broad opportunity in choosing outpatient care. The purpose of this study was to analyse the outpatient utilization in community health centers by elderly in Eastern Indonesia 2012, when compared with outpatient care in private practitioner. Method This study is a quantitative research using secondary data Indonesia Family Life Survey East 2012 and the data‟s design is cross-sectional survey. Indonesia Family Life Survey IFLS East 2012 is a large-scale survey conducted in 7 provinces in Indonesia, East Nusa Tenggara, East Result Elderly aged over 75 years have lower odds-ratio to utilize outpatient care in community health centers OR: 0.75; 95 CI: 0.25 to 2.28 and higher odds-ratio to use outpatient care in private practitoner OR: 1 , 69; 95 CI: 0.52 to 5.43 compared to the elderly aged 60-74 years. Female elderly have lower odds-ratio to utilize outpatient care in community health centers OR: 0.53; 95 CI: 0.23 to 1.21 and higher odds-ratio to use outpatient care in private practitoner OR: 1.28; 95 CI: 0.34 to 1.61 compared to male elderly. Elderly with basic education have lower odds- ratio to utilize outpatient care in community health centers OR: 0.49; 95 CI: 0.17 to 1.45 and higher odds-ratio to use outpatient care in private practitoner OR: 1.74; 95 CI: 0, 20 to 13.8 compared to more educated elderly. Elderly in rural areas have lower odds-ratio to utilize outpatient care in community health centers OR: 0.53; 95 CI: 0.23 to 1.21 and higher odds-ratio to use outpatient care in private practitoner OR: 1.28; 95 CI: 0, 34 to 1.61 compared to elderly in urban areas. Elderly with the purpose of outpatient care for illness treatment have high odds-ratio to utilize community health centers and private practitioner, but the elderly in this category have higher odds-ratio to use outpatient care in private practitioner OR: 26.5; 95 CI: 6.4 to 110.4 than in community health centers OR: 23.0; 95 CI: 7.9 to 66.2. Kalimantan, Southeast Sulawesi, Maluku, North Maluku, West Papua and Papua, with the topic around the household and community. The survey was conducted by SurveyMETER on the behalf of TNP2K, PRSF, and Australian Aid, and is a continuation of the survey held by IFLS in 1993, 1997, 2000, and 2007 by the RAND Corporation. The samples are 246 elderly, with inclusion criteria were elderly aged ≥ 60 years old and elderly with Self-Rated Health Status categorized as Somewhat Unhealthy and Unhealthy. Data were analyzed using STATA software version 12. The data will be presented as odds-ratio. 1445 Utilization of Outpatient Care Based on Health Facilities Individual Factors CHC Private Practitioner OR 95 CI p- value OR 95 CI p- value Predisposing Factor Age Elderly aged more than 75 years 0,75 0,25-2,28 0,61 1,69 0,52-5,43 0,38 Elderly aged 60-74 years Gender 1 1 Female 0,56 0,26-1,21 0,13 4,11 1,4-12,0 0,01 Male Education level 1 1 Basic 0,49 0,17-1,45 0,19 1,74 0,2-13,8 0,59 Secondary Enabling Factor Location of residence 1 1 Rural areas 0,53 0,23-1,21 0,12 1,28 0,36-4,61 0,70 Urban areas Illness levelneed Factor Purpose of outpatient care Treatment of illness 1 1 Yes 23,0 7,9-66,2 0,00 26,5 6,4-110,4 0,00 No 1 1 Discussion The most interesting result in this study is the comparison between the utilization of outpatient care in community health center and private practitioner by the elderly who live in rural areas. They rather choosing to utilize health services in private practitioner than in community health service. Trust, comfort, and safety are factors that predispose individuals to re-utilize the health services in the health facilities Conclusion Contrary to the expectations, the elderly especially those living in rural areas, used private centers. It shows that there are some specific practitioner rather than community health considerations for the selection of health centers. In the future, the government is expected facilities, for example regarding quality to be able to improve the quality of community considerations, the availability of health care which near with their elderly home, or the consideration of the level of trust among the elderly with certain health facilities. Quality considerations are supported by research in Uganda, which states that male elderly take advantage of health services in a high level, because ederly with aged more than 64 years had severe illness that requires medical care with complete and quality equpment in private health facilities. In addition to quality considerations, that study also states that the availability of health services near home, is one of the most factors that affect the elderly in choosing health facility. Besides quality consideration and the location of health facilities, the level of trust by the elderly for choosing their best health facilities based on Health Belief Model, states that people who have faith or trust in a particular health facilities, will feel comfortable and safe while getting a health health centers, and provide pro-elderly health services that can reach the elderly in rural areas, such as homecare services and “Posyandu” for elderly. BPJS of Health with the National Health Insurance program, together with the government and local governments, should not only cooperate with public health facilities, but also can reach the private health facilities, one of which is private practitioner in the village. The cooperation is expected to ensure the quality of health care, the elderly can expand access to quality health services, and health services as desired without having to consider the high price of health care. In addition, with not too many choices of outpatient health services in the village for the elderly, the presence of medical personnel in villages located in remote areas, particularly in eastern Indonesia, is an opportunity for the elderly to get close access for