Data and Data Source Translating Complex Mixed Extension Head Pattern 1

98 grammatical aspects of every clause in every clause complex between the ST and TT Halliday, 1994 and Manfredi, 2008: 21. It also includes the type and the logical meanings and patterns of the logical meanings which are represented by every clause in every clause complex between the ST and TT. In summary, the domains of the translation of the logical meanings of the ST into the TT include four aspects i.e. the patterns of the logical meanings of the ST, the translation process, the pattern of the logical meanings of the TT, and the equivalence between the ST and TT.

3.4 Data and Data Source

The data in this research include the data of the ST and the data of the TT. The ST contains 142 clause complexes. The 142 clause complexes contain 254 clause simplex which create the types of the logico-semantic relation into 21 elaborations, 47 enhancements, 15 extensions, 17 locutions, 16 ideas, and 26 complex patterns of elaboration, extension, enhancement and locution head. The TT also contains 142 clause complexes. The 142 clause complexes also contains 254 clause simplex which also create the types of the logico-semantic relation into 21 elaborations, 47 enhancements, 15 extensions, 17 locutions, 16 ideas, and 26 complex patterns of elaboration, extension, enhancement and locution head. The source of the data of the ST is the transcription of TBWS which is recorded from 15 speeches delivered by the father of the bride and the close relatives of the parents of the bride and the close relatives of the parents of the Universitas Sumatera Utara 99 groom in a traditional wedding party of the BTP held in Balige in December 11the, 2011 to the weds to have a harmonic family life in order to have off spring, wealthiest, power, healthiness and long life in the future. The source of the data of the TT is the translation of the ST. It is created by the translator based on the bottom- up translation strategy as mentioned in Manfredi‟s model.

3.5 Technique of the Data Collection and Data Analysis

The technique of the data collection and the data analysis used in this research follows the integral concept of the concurrent activities of a researcher in a qualitative research mentioned by Miles and Huberman 1984: 23, they are: 1 data collection, 2 data reduction, 3 data display, and 4 drawing conclusion. The data collection is gathering the qualitative data by any means of observation such as recording equipment, note taking, etc. from the subject in the field of a research with a systematic procedure. The data reduction is the separation of the data to be analyzed from the unnecessary information. The data display deals with the presentation of the data according to their classification to be ready to be analyzed. Drawing conclusion is making the conclusion inductively based on the data analysis. The concurrent activities in this research are used as procedure in analyzing the data of this research i.e. the data of the translation of the logical meanings from the ST and TT refers to the procedure in using some analytical frameworks which are based on some theoretical frameworks. The procedure of the data collection and data analysis are as in the following. Universitas Sumatera Utara 100

3.5.1. Procedure of Technique of Data Collection

The procedure of the technique of the data collection meant here concerns with the steps of the activity of the researcher in the collection of the data of the ST, the patterns of the logical meanings, the process of translating the patterns of the logical meanings from the ST into the TT.

3.5.1.1 Data Collection of ST

The procedure of the technique of the data collection of the ST in this research is as follows. 1 Recording the wedding speeches with a video-camera to provide the spoken data of the ST 2 Transcribing the spoken data of the ST 3 Validating the content of the ST by cross-checking it to five native key-speakers of TBL living in Balige. These speakers are considered as experts in delivering a wedding speech for they regularly practice it in Toba Samosir district and in the vicinity districts such as Humbang Hasundutan, Tapanuli Utara and Samosir. They do the practices since they are the senior patrons of the socio-cultural organizations they belong to in Balige, the capital city Toba Samosir district. 4 Parsing the ST into clauses 5 Classifying the clauses into clause simplexes and clause complexes 6 Classifying the clause complexes into paratactic clauses and hypotactic clauses Universitas Sumatera Utara 101

3.5.1.2 Data Collection of Patterns of Logical Meanings

The procedure of the technique of the data collection of the patterns of the logical meanings in this research is as follows. 1 Classifying the logical meaning of every clause in every paratactic clause of the ST 2 Symbolizing the pattern of the logical meanings in every paratactic clause of the ST 3 Classifying the logical meaning of every clause in every hypotactic clause of the ST Symbolizing the pattern of the logical meanings in every hypotactic clause of the ST according to symbol of logico-semantic relation as in the following table: Tabel 1: Logico-Semantic Relation Symbol No Logico-Semantic Relation Symbol I. Expansion 1. Elaboration = a. Specification = b. Exemplification = c. Restatement = d. Commentary = 2. Extension + a. With “and” + Universitas Sumatera Utara 102 No Logico-Semantic Relation Symbol b. With “but” + 3. Enhancement X A Spatial X b. Temporal X c. Conditional X d. Causal X e. Concessive X f. Manner X II. Projection 1. Locution “ 2. Idea „ In addition to the use of symbols in the table above, patterns of the logical meanings which are represented by the clause complex are also concurrently symbolized according to clause relation symbols as in the following table: Table 2: Clause Relation Symbols No Clause Relationship Symbol I. Paratactic 1. Independent clause 1 1 2. Independent clause 2 2 Universitas Sumatera Utara 103 No Clause Relationship Symbol 3. Independent clause n n II. Hypotactic 1. Independent clause α 2. Dependent clause unnecessarily embedded in α 3. Dependent clause unnecessarily embedded in δ 4. Dependent clause unnecessarily embedded in δ To illustrate the use of the symbols in a pattern of the logical meaning can be seen as in the following clause complex which contains seven clauses of three independent clauses and 4 dependent clause with the pattern of logical meaning that can be symbolized as α1 x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ]. Α1sada kebanggan x [αβparumaen mu nga di son, +αγ helam nga di san, = 1 lengkap laho βmangkawal amang boru + γ mambaen = sabar roha ni amang boru] Clause α1: Sada kebanggan Universitas Sumatera Utara 104 Clause αβ: parumaen mu nga di son Clause αγ: helam nga di san Clause 1: Lengkap Clause β: Universitas Sumatera Utara 105 lahomangkawal amang boru Clause γ: mambaen Clause : sabar roha ni amang boru The pattern of the logical meanings in this text is α1 x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ]. It is a hypotactic causal enhancement head mixed with extension “and” and commentary elaboration. α1 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as the expanded clause. αβ as an independent causal enhancement clause with a relational process functions as the elaborating clause. +αγ as an independent extension “and” clause with a relational process functions as an extending clause. 1 as a dependent commentary elaboration with a Universitas Sumatera Utara 106 relational process function as an elaborating clause. β as a dependent commentary elaboration with a mental process function as elaborating clause. γ as a dependent commentary elaboration with a mental process function as an elab orating clause. as a dependent commentary elaboration with a relational process function as an elaborating clause. Here [α1] is enhanced by x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ] in which αβ +αγ is elaborated by = 1 + β + γ = ] and in which 1 + β is extended by + γ = ]. So α1 x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ] means that [α1] is enhanced by x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ] in which αβ +αγ is elaborated by = 1 + β + γ = ] and in which 1 + β is extended by + γ = ] in the hypotactic causal enhancement head mixed with extension “and” and commentary elaboration. 3.5.1.3 Data Collection of Process of Translating Patterns of Logical Meanings from ST into TT The procedure of the technique of the data collection of the translation process the logical meanings from the ST into the TT in this research is as follows. 1 Describing how a clause of a lower rank creates the logical meaning together with the other clause in a paratactic clause in the ST 2 Describing how a clause of a lower rank creates the logical meaning together with the other clause in a hypotactic clause in the ST 3 Describing how the translator replaces the clauses of a paratactic clause of the ST in the TT to represent the equivalent function Universitas Sumatera Utara 107 4 Describing how the translator replaces the clauses of a hypotactic clause of the ST in the TT to represent the similar function 5 Describing how a clause of a lower rank creates the logical meaning together with the other clause in a paratactic clause in the TT 6 Describing how a clause of a lower rank creates the logical meaning together with the other clause in a hypotactic clause in the TT

3.5.1.4 Data Collection of Equivalence between ST and TT

The procedure of the technique of the data collection of the equivalence between the ST and TT in this research is as follows. 1 Comparing the equivalence of the functions of the lexico-grammatical aspects of the clauses of the paratactic clauses between the ST and TT 2 Comparing the equivalence of the functions of the clauses of the paratactic clauses between the ST and TT 3 Comparing the equivalence of the functions of the lexico-grammatical aspects of the clauses of a hypotactic clauses between the ST and TT 4 Comparing the equivalence of the functions of the clauses of the hypotactic clauses between the ST and TT Universitas Sumatera Utara 108

3.5.2 Procedure of Technique of Data Analysis

The procedure of the technique of the data analysis meant here concerns with the steps of the activity of the researcher in the analysis of the data of the ST, the patterns of the logical meanings, the process of translating the patterns of the logical meanings from the ST into the TT.

3.5.2.1 Data Analysis of Patterns of Logical Meanings

The procedure of the technique of the data analysis of the patterns of the logical meanings in this research is as follows. 1 Reducing each of the paratactic clauses into clauses based on theory of the logico-sematic relation Halliday, 1994 2 Displaying the logical meaning of every clause of the paratactic clauses based on theory of the logico-sematic relation Halliday, 1994 3 Concluding the patterns of the logical meaning of the paratactic clauses based on theory of the logico-sematic relation Halliday, 1994 4 Reducing each of the hypotactic clauses into clauses based on theory of the logico-sematic relation Halliday, 1994 5 Displaying the logical meaning of every clause of the hypotactic clauses based on theory of the logico-sematic relation Halliday, 1994 Universitas Sumatera Utara 109 6 Concluding the patterns of the logical meaning of the hypotactic clauses based on theory of the logico-sematic relation Halliday, 1994 To illustrate the analysis of the type of the logical meaning of clauses and their patterns in a clause complex is illustrated as in the following clause complex containing seven clauses of three independent clauses and 4 dependent clause with the pattern of logical meaning that can be symbolized as α1 x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ]: α1sada kebanggaan x[αβparumaenmu nga dison, +αγhelam nga di san, = 1 lengkap laho βmangkawal amangboru + γmambaen = sabar roha ni amangboru] Clause α1: sada kebanggaan Clause αβ: parumaenmu nga dison Universitas Sumatera Utara 110 Clause αγ: helam nga di san Clause 1: lengkap Clause β: Laho mangkawal amangboru Clause γ: mambaen Clause : Universitas Sumatera Utara 111 sabar roha ni amangboru The pattern of the logical meanings in this text is α1 x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ]. It is a hypotactic causal enhancement head mixed with extension “and” and commentary elaboration. α1 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as th e expanded clause. αβ as an independent causal enhancement clause with a relational process functions as the elaborating clause. +αγ as an independent extension “and” clause with a relational process functions as an extending clause. 1 as a dependent commentary elaboration with a relational process function as an elaborating clause. β as a dependent commentary elaboration with a mental process function as elaborating clause. γ as a dependent commentary elaboration with a mental process function as an ela borating clause. as a dependent commentary elaboration with a relational process function as an elaborating clause. Here [α1] is enhanced by x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ] in which αβ +αγ is elaborated by = 1 + β + γ = ] and in which 1 + β is extended by + γ = ]. So α1 x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ] means that [α1] is enhanced by x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ] in which αβ +αγ is elaborated by = 1 + β + γ = ] and in which 1 + β is extended by + γ = ] in the hypotactic causal enhancement head mixed with extension “and” and commentary elaboration. Universitas Sumatera Utara 112

3.5.2.2 Data Analysis of Process of Translating Logical Meanings from ST into TT

The procedure of the technique of the data analysis of the process of translating the logical meanings from the ST into TT refers in this research is as follows. 1 Reducing the translation process by replacing the clause components of each clause of the paratactic clauses of the ST into the clause components of each clause of the paratactic clauses of the TT based on the Bottom-up translation approach Manfredi, 2008; Halliday, 1994; Butt et al, 2000 2 Displaying the translation process of the clause components of each clause of the paratactic clauses of the ST into the clause components of each clause of the paratactic clauses of the TT based on the Bottom-up translation approach Manfredi, 2008; Halliday, 1994; Butt et al, 2000 3 Concluding the result of the translation process of the clause components of each clause of the paratactic clauses of the ST into the clause components of each clause of the paratactic clauses of the TT based on the Bottom-up translation approach Manfredi, 2008; Halliday, 1994; Butt et al, 2000 4 Reducing the translation process by replacing the clause components of each clause of the hypotactic clauses of the ST into the clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 113 components of each clause of the hypotactic clauses of the TT based on the Bottom-up translation approach Manfredi, 2008; Halliday, 1994; Butt et al, 2000 5 Displaying the translation process of the clause components of each clause of the hypotactic clauses of the ST into the clause components of each clause of the hypotactic clauses of the TT based on the Bottom-up translation approach Manfredi, 2008; Halliday, 1994; Butt et al, 2000 6 Concluding the result of the translation process of the clause components of each clause of the hypotactic clauses of the ST into the clause components of each clause of the hypotactic clauses of the TT based on the Bottom-up translation approach Manfredi, 2008; Halliday, 1994; Butt et al, 2000 To illustrate the analysis of the process of translating the logical meanings from the ST into TT can be illustrated as in the translation of this clause complex “jadi pangke hamu tu angka ulaon adat; tarlumobi tu angka ulaon ni hula- hulamuna” as in the following. jadi pangke hamu ma tu angka ulaon adat Universitas Sumatera Utara 114 Clause 2 tarlumobi tu angka tu ulaon ni hula-hula muna The model of this analytical framework displays the nature and extents of the translation process from the ST into the TT as follows: Lexis and grammar: 1Translating a process into a process: pangke material – wear material 2 Translating a participant into a participant: hamu actor - youactor 3Translating a circumstance into a circumstance: tu angka ualaon adat spatial - to every traditional party spatial 4 Translating independent clause 1 to independent clause 1 5 Translating independent clause 2 to independent clause 2 Logical Function: 1 Translating specified expansion to specified elaboration expansion 2 Translating specifying elaboration expansion to specifying expansion By the analytical framework used in the procedure of analyzing the data of the translation of the logical meaning from the ST and TT based on functional approach, it can be seen that the translator begin the process from the ST meaning Universitas Sumatera Utara 115 analysis based on the Bottom-up translation approach, then replacing the lexico- grammatical features from the ST per a unit to a unit to represent per a function to a function into TT, and at last translator finish the process at the ST meaning analysis which is based on the Bottom-up translation approach.

3.5.2.3 Data Analysis of Functional Equivalence between ST and TT

The procedure of the technique of the data analysis of the functional equivalence between the ST and TT in this research is as follows. 1 Reducing the functional equivalence analysis by cross-checking the equivalence between the clause components of each clause of the paratactic clauses of the ST and the clause components of each clause of the paratactic clauses of the TT based on the Bottom-up translation approach Manfredi, 2008; Halliday, 1994; Butt et al, 2000 2 Displaying the functional equivalence analysis by cross-checking the equivalence between the clause components of each clause of the paratactic clauses of the ST and the clause components of each clause of the paratactic clauses of the TT based on the Bottom-up translation approach Manfredi, 2008; Halliday, 1994; Butt et al, 2000 3 Concluding the functional equivalence analysis by cross-checking the equivalence between the clause components of each clause of the paratactic clauses of the ST and the clause components of each clause of the paratactic clauses of the TT based on the Bottom-up translation approach Manfredi, 2008; Halliday, 1994; Butt et al, 2000 Universitas Sumatera Utara 116 4 Reducing the functional equivalence analysis by cross-checking the equivalence between the clause components of each clause of the hypotactic clauses of the ST and the clause components of each clause of the hypotactic clauses of the TT based on the Bottom-up translation approach Manfredi, 2008; Halliday, 1994; Butt et al, 2000 5 Displaying the functional equivalence analysis by cross-checking the equivalence between the clause components of each clause of the hypotactic clauses of the ST and the clause components of each clause of the hypotactic clauses of the TT based on the Bottom-up translation approach Manfredi, 2008; Halliday, 1994; Butt et al, 2000 6 Concluding the functional equivalence analysis by cross-checking the equivalence between the clause components of each clause of the hypotactic clauses of the ST and the clause components of each clause of the hypotactic clauses of the TT based on the Bottom-up translation approach Manfredi, 2008; Halliday, 1994; Butt et al, 2000 7 Cross-checking the translation quality to three schoolars in the field of linguistics graduated from USA and Indonesia and the the readability to one native speaker from London, Great Britain, UK. To illustrate the analysis of the equivalence between the ST into TT can be illustrated as in the functional equivalence between these clause simplex in the clause complex as the ST “jadi pangke hamu tu angka ulaon adat; tarlumobi tu angka ulaon ni hula- hulamuna” and its translation as the TT as in the following. Universitas Sumatera Utara 117 Clause 1: jadi pangke hamu ma tu angka ulaon adat The model of this analytical framework displays the nature and extents of equivalence between the ST and TT as follows: Lexis and grammar: 1 Process : pangke material - wear material 2 Participants : hamu actor - youactor 3 Circumstance : tu angka ualaon adat spatial - to every traditional party spatial Logical Function: ST : 1 = Specified clause TT : 1 = Specified clause Clause 2 tarlumobi tu angka tu ulaon ni hula-hula muna Universitas Sumatera Utara 118 The model of this analytical framework also displays the nature and extents of equivalence between the ST and TT as follows: Lexis and grammar: 1 Circumstance : tarlumobi angka tu ulaon ni hula-hula muna spatial = especially to every party of your brother-in-laws spatial 2 Elliptical clause - elliptical clause Logical Function: ST : 2 = Specifying elaboration expansion TT : 2 = Specifying elaboration expansion By the analytical framework used in the procedure of analyzing the data of the equivalence between the ST and TT based on functional approach, it can be seen that the ST and TT has a full formal and meaning equivalence. Universitas Sumatera Utara 119 CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS OF PATTERNS OF LOGICAL MEANING OF TBWS The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the types of the logical meanings in those speeches are classified into expansion, projection, and complex mixed patterns as in the followings.

4.1 Expansion

4.1.1 Elaboration

4.1.1.1 Specification

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research Universitas Sumatera Utara 120 indicates that the types of elaboration in those speeches are classified into paratactic and hypotactic specification elaboration as in the followings.

4.1.1.1.1 Paratactic Specification

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of some traditional wedding speeches in this research indicates that the type of the paratactic specification elaboration in those speeches has only one pattern, i.e., 1 =2 as in the followings. 1 Pattern 1: 1 =2 Data 116 08:46 1jadi pangke hamuma tu angka ulaon adat, =2pangke hamuma tarlumobi angka tu ulaon ni Clause 1: 1jadi pangke hamuma tu angka ulaon adat, Clause 2: pangke hamuma tarlumobi angka tu ulaon ni hula-hula muna Universitas Sumatera Utara 121 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is 1 =2. It is a paratactic specification elaboration expansion. In this pattern, 1 as an independent clause with a material process functions as a specified and elaboration expansion. 2 as an independent clause with a material process functions as a specifying and elaboration expansion. Here 1 is elaborated into greater detail by 2. So 1 =2 means that 1 as an independent clause functions as an elaborated expansion which is elaborated into greater detail by 2 as an independent clause which functions as an elaboration expansion which specifies 1 in a paratactic specification elaboration expansion.

4.1.1.1.2 Hypotactic Specification

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the type of the hypotactic specification elaboration in that speeches has two patterns, i.e., α = and α1 = =αβ as in the followings. 1 Pattern 1: α = Data 67 00:31 αjadi, pos do roha nami sude hami angka simatuam, hula- hulam sinaga = na adong di Balige on Clause 1: jadi, pos do rohana mi sude hami angka simatuam Universitas Sumatera Utara 122 hula-hulam sinaga Clause: hula- hulam sinaga na adong di balige on The logico-semantic relation on the data above indicates that the patterns of the logical meanings in this text is α = . It is a hypotactic specification elaboration expansion. In this pattern α as an independent clause with a mental process functions as a specified elaborated expansion head. as a dependent clause with a relational process functions as a specifying elaborating expansion. Here α is elaborated into greater detail by . So α = means that α as an independent clause functions as a specified elaborated expansion which is elaborated into greater detail by = as a dependent clause which functions as a specifying elaborating expansion. Universitas Sumatera Utara 123 β Pattern β: α1 = =αβ Data 162 03:17 Clause: α1jadi tung tangkas ma tu angka tingki = naeng ro =αβsae anggiatma gabe keluarga namarbehagia hamu Clause 1: jadi tung tangkas ma tu angka tingki Clause 2: naeng ro Clause 3: sae anggiatma gabe keluarga namarbahagia hamu The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is α1 = =αβ. It is a hypotactic commentary Universitas Sumatera Utara 124 elaboration. α1 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as a specified elaborated e xpansion. as a dependent clause with a material process functions as a specifying elaborating expansion. αβ as an independent clause with a relational process functions as a specifying elaborating expansion. Here α1 is elaborated into greater detail by = and α1 = is also elaborated into greater detail by αβ. So α1 = αβ means that α1 as an independent clause functions as the specified elaborated expansion which is elaborated into greater detail by = which is elaborated by αβ as an independent clause which functions as a specifying elaborating expansion in a paratactic specification elaboration.

4.1.1.2 Exemplification

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS indicates that the types of the exemplification elaboration are paratactic and hypotactic exemplification elaboration as in the followings.

4.1.1.2.1 Paratactic Exemplification

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the type of the paratactic exemplication elaboration in that speeches has two patterns, i.e., 1 =2 and 1 = 2 +3 as in the followings. 1 Pattern 1 =2 Data 114 08:40 Clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 125 1tu gareja angka pangkean nabiasa ipe, =2ima pangkean nasional ido pangkeon muna tu gareja Clause 1: tu gareja angka pangkean nabiasa ipe Clause 2: ima pangkean nasional i do pangkeon muna The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that its pattern of the logical meaning is 1 =2. It is a paratactic exemplification elaboration. 1 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an exemplified elaborated expansion. =2 as an independent clause with a material process functions as the exemplifying elaborating expansion. Here 1 is elaborated by =2 as an exemplifying elaborating clause. So 1 =2 means that 1 as an independent clause functions as an exemplified elaborated expansion which is elaborated by 2 as an independent clause which functions as an exemplifying elaborating expansion in a paratactic exemplification elaboration expansion. Universitas Sumatera Utara 126 2 Pattern 2: 1 = 2 + 3 Data 91 02:28 Clause: 1jadi ingkon burju ma hamu, =2burju margareja, +3burju martangiang Clause 1: jadi ingkon burju ma hamu head: 1 as an independent clause Clause 2: burju margareja Clause 3: burju martangiang The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is 1 =2 +3. It is a paratactic exemplification elaboration. 1 is an independent clause with a relational process functions as an exemplified elaborated expansion. 2 is an independent clause with a relational Universitas Sumatera Utara 127 process functions as an exemplifying, elaborating and extended expansion. 3 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an exemplifying, elaborating and extending expansion. Here 1 is elaborated into an exemplification by 2 and 3 which also extends 2 in a paratactic exemplified elaboration expansion.

4.1.1.3 Commentary

4.1.1.3.1 Paratactic Commentary

4.1.1.3.2 Hypotactic Commentary

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the types of the hypotactic specification elaboration in that speeches has two patterns, i.e., α = ; α = 1 + β; = α as in the followings. 1 Pattern α = Data 164 03:09 Clause: α jadi sadarion tarida do I cita-cita na saleleng on = asa parjolo ho ale anggia Clause 1: jadi sadarion tari do i cita-cita na saleleng on Universitas Sumatera Utara 129 Clause 2: asa parjolo ho ale anggia The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is α = . α as an independent clause with a relational process functions as a commented elaborated expansion. as a dependent clause with a relational process functions as a commenting elaborating expansion. So α = means that α as an independent clause functions as an expansion which is elaborated into a commentary in a hypotactic commentary elaboration expansion. β Pattern: α = 1 + β Data 202 05:21 Clause: αpasahaton nami ma annon tu ho ulos 8 = 1siganjang rambu + βulos 8 nahapal Clause 1: pasahaton nami ma annon tu ho ulos 8 Universitas Sumatera Utara 130 Clause 2: siganjang rambu Clause 3: Ulos 8 nahapal The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is α = 1 + β. α as an independent clause with a material process functions as a commented elaborated expansion. 1 as a dependent clause with a relational process functions as a commenting elaborating and extended expansion. β as a dependent clause with a relational process functions as a commenting elaborating and extending expan sion. So α = 1 + β means that αas an independent clause which functions as an expansion is elaborated a commentary by 1 as a commenting elaborating expansion which is Universitas Sumatera Utara 131 extended by β as dependent clause which functions as a commenting elaborating and extending expansion in a hypotactic commentary elaboration expansion. γ Pattern γ: = α Data 4105:08 Clause: = passamot panggabean parhorasan =α ulos 8 naganjang on Clause1: passamot panggabean parhorasan Clause 2: Ulos 8 naganjang on The logico-semantic relation on the data above indicates that he pattern of its logical meaning is = α. = as a dependent clause with a mental process functions as a commenting elaborating expansion. α as an independent clause with a relational process fu nctions as a commented elaborated expansion. So = α means that α as an independent clause which functions as an expansion is Universitas Sumatera Utara 132 elaborated into a commentary by as a dependent clause in a hypotactic commentary elaboration.

4.1.2 Extension

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the types of extension in that, i.e., extension “and”; extension “or” and extension “but” as in the followings. 4.1.β.1 Extension “and” The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the types of extension “and “are divided into paratactic and hypotactic extension “and” as in the followings. 4.1.β.1.1 Paratactic Extension “and” The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that paratactic extension “and” has some patterns, i.e., as 1 +β; 1 …+ 4 in the followings. 1 Pattern: 1 +2 Data 1402:25 Clause: 1da hahang nadua i nungga parjolo borhat, +2songoni edamuna baomuna Universitas Sumatera Utara 133 Clause 1: da hahang nadua i nungga parjolo borhat Clause 2: songoni edamuna baomuna The logico-semantic relation on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is 1 +2. 1 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an extended “and” expansion. β as an elliptical independent extension “and” clause functions as an extending “and” expansion. Here 1 is extended by +2. So 1 +2 means that 1 as an independent head clause is extended by β as an elliptical independent extension “and” clause in a paratactic extension “and”. β Pattern γ: 1 …+ 4 Data 45 05:58 Clause: 1eme sitamba tua parlinggoman nisiborok, +2amanta Debata do silehon tua, +3horas ma laengku ibotongku +4diparorot Universitas Sumatera Utara 134 Clause 1: eme sitamba tua parlinggoman ni siborok Clause 2: amanta Debata do silehon tua Clause 3: horas ma laengku ibotongku Clause 4: diparorot The logico-semantic relation on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is 1… +4. 1 as an independent clause with a Universitas Sumatera Utara 135 relationa l process functions as an extended expansion “and”. +β as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an extending expansion “and”. +γ as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an extending expansion “and”. +4 as an independent clause function as an extending expansion “and”. Here 1 is extended by β, γ, and 4. So 1… +4 means that 1 is extended by +2which is extended by +3 which is extended by +4 in a paratactic extension expansion. 4.1.β.β Extension “or” The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the types of extension “or” only has the paratactic extension “or” as in the followings.

4.1.2.2.1 Par atactic Extension “or”

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that paratactic extension “or” has two patterns, i.e., as 1 +β and 1 +2 +3 in the followings. 1 Pattern 1 + 2 Data 117 08:54 Clause: 1mamben adat hamu +manang manggarar adat, dainang da Clause 1: Universitas Sumatera Utara 136 mamben adat hamu Clause 2: manang manggarar adat, dainang da The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is 1 +2. 1 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an extended expansion. +2 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an extending “or” expansion. So 1 +β means that 1 as an independent clause is extended by 2 as independent clause extending 1. 2 Pattern 2: 1 +2 +3 Data 108 08:02 Clause: 1nang pe di Sidamanik hamu marsogot, +2manang na di porsea, +3manang na di balige on Clause 1: nang pe di Sidamanik hamu marsogot Universitas Sumatera Utara 137 Clause 2: manang na di porsea Clause 3: manang na di balige on The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the patterns of the logical meanings its 1 +2 +3. 1 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an extended expansion. +2 as an elliptical independent clause with a relational process functions as an extending expansion which is extended by +3. +3 as an elliptical independent clause with a relational process functions as an extending expansion. So 1 +2 +3 means that 1 as an independent clause is extended by 2 and 3 as elliptical independent extensions “or” in a paratactic extension “or” expansion. Universitas Sumatera Utara 138 4.1.β.γ Extension “but” The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the types of extension “but” only has the paratactic extension “but” as in the followings. 4.1.β.γ.1. Paratactic Extension “but” The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that paratactic extension “but” has only one pattern, i.e., as 1 +β in the followings. 1 Pattern: 1 +2 Data 112 08:35 Clause: 1holan tu adat do boanon muna on ate, +2dang pola boanon muna on dohot tu gareja Clause 1: holan tu adat do boanon muna on ate Clause 2: dang pola boanon muna on dohot tu gareja Universitas Sumatera Utara 139 The logico-semantic relation on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is 1 +2. 1 as an independent clause with a material process functions as an extended expansion. +2 as an independent clause with a material process functions as an extending “but” expansion. Here 1 is extended by β. So1 +2 means that 1 as an independent clause is extended by 2 as an independent extension “but” modifier clause in a paratactic extension “but”.

4.1.3 Enhancement

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the types of extension in that data, i.e., spatial enhancement, temporal enhancement, conditional enhancement, causal enhancement, concessive enhancement, and manner enhancement as in the followings.

4.1.3.1 Spatial Enhancement

4.1.3.1.1 Paratactic Spatial Enhancement

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the paratactic spatial enhancement has only one pattern, i.e., 1 x2 as in the followings. 1 Pattern 1: 1 x2 Data 29 03:53 Clause: 1SMA ibana x2di asrama do Clause 1: sma ibana Clause 2: di asrama do The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is 1 x2. 1 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an enhanced expansion. x2 as an elliptical independent clause with a Universitas Sumatera Utara 141 relational process functions as spatial enhancing expansion. So 1 x2 means that 1 as an independent clause is spatially enhanced by 2 as elliptical independent clause in a paratactic spatial enhancement expansion.

4.1.3.1.2 Hypotactic Spatial Enhancement

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the hypotactic spatial enhancement has only one pattern, i.e., α x as in the followings. 1 Pattern: α x Data 69 00:48 Clause: αpos rohanami, x nang di tangiang nami nainggkon gabe keluarga namarbahagia hamu Clause 1: pos rohanami Clause 2: nang di tangiang nami nainggkon gabe keluarga namarbahagia hamu modifier: x as a dependent spatial enhancement clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 142 The logico-semantic relation on the data indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α x . It is a hypotactic spatial enhancement. α as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an enhanced clause. as a dependent spatial enhancement clause with a relational process functions as the modifier. Here αis enhanced by . So α x means that α as an independent clause is enhanced by as a dependent spatial enhancement clause in a hypotactic spatial enhancement.

4.1.3.2 Temporal Enhancement

The analysis based on transitivity system and logico-semantic relation in tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that temporal enhancements have only the hypotactic temporal enhancement as in the followings.

4.1.3.2.1 Hypotactic Temporal Enhancement

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the paratactic temporal enhancement s has two patents , i.e., α x and x α as in the followings. Universitas Sumatera Utara 143 1 Pattern 1: αx Data 95 02:47 Clause: αtontu martangiang x tinggki margareja, The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates its logico- semantic relation is α x . α is an independent clause with a verbal process functions as an enhanced expansion. x as a dependent clause with a relational process functions as enhancing expansion. So α x means that α as an independent clause is enhanced by as a temporal enhancement in a hypotactic temporal enhancement expansion. β Pattern β: x α Data 28 03:47 Clause: x mulai SMP αndang di jolo nami on Clause 1: mulai smp Universitas Sumatera Utara 144 Clause 2: ndang di jolo nami on The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is x α. x as a dependent clause with a relational process functions as an enhancing expansion. α as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an enhanced expansion. So x α means that x as a dependent c lause temporarily enhances α as an independent clause in a hypotactic enhancement expansion.

4.1.3.3 Conditional Enhancement

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that conditional enhancements are divided into paratactic and hypotactic conditional enhancement as in the followings.

4.1.3.3.1 Paratactic Conditional Enhancement

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the paratactic conditional enhancement has only one patterns, i.e., x1 2 as in the followings. 1 Pattern 1: x1 2 Universitas Sumatera Utara 145 Data 193 03:45 Clause: x1alai di bagasan ni parjoloma hamuna mangalului harajaon ni Debata, 2baru ma annon pasahaton nama angka ondeng Clause 1: alai di bagasan ni parjoloma hamuna mangalului harajaon ni Debata Clause 2: baru ma annon pasahaton nama angka ondeng The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the patterns of the logical meanings in this text is x1 2. x1 as an independent conditional clause with a mental process functions as an enhancing expansion. 2 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an enhanced expansion. So x1 2 means that x1 as an independent clause enhances 2 as an independent clause in a conditional enhancement expansion. Universitas Sumatera Utara 146

4.1.3.3.2 Hypotactic Conditional Enhancement

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the hypotactic conditional enhancements has four patterns, i.e., α x , x α, x α1 +αβ, and x 1 + β + γ αβ as in the followings. 1 Pattern: α x Data 74 01:07 Clause: αanggo angka hamoraon ido, anggo angka arta i, mangihut doi sian pudi, x asalma dos roha muna tentang keluarga muna Clause 1: anggo angka hamoraon ido, anggo angka arta i mangihut doi sian pudi head: αas an independent clause Clause 2: asalma dos roha muna tentang keluarga muna Universitas Sumatera Utara 147 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α x . α as an independent clause with a relational process functions as the head. 2 as a dependent clause with a relational process functions as the modifier. Here α is enhanced by . So α x means thatα as an independent head clause is enhanced by x as a dependent conditional enhancement modifier clause in a conditional enhancement. β Pattern β: x α Data 31 03:58 Clause: x atik adong na hurang da, αleon hatorangan Clause 1: atik adong na hurang da Clause 2: leon hatorangan Universitas Sumatera Utara 148 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the patterns of the logical meanings is x α. x as a dependent clause with a relational process functions as an enhancing expansion. α as an independent clause with a verbal process functions as an enhanced expansion. So x α means that as a dependent conditional clause temporarily enhances α as an independent clause as an enhanced expansion in a hypotactic conditional enhancement expansion. γ Pattern γ: x α1 +αβ Data 171 03:59 Clause: x molo nga dompak hamu Tuhanta Clause 1: molo nga dompak hamu Tuhanta Cluase2: manang aha pe diula hamu Universitas Sumatera Utara 149 Clause 3: manang ahape dipingkiri hamu The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is x α1 +αβ. x as a dependent clause with a relational process functions as an enhancing expansion. α1 as an independent clause with a material process functions as an enhanced expansion. αβ as an independent clause with a mental process functions as an enhanced and extending expansion . So x α1 +αβ means that x as a conditional enhancement expansion enhances α1 as an enhanced expansion which is extended by αβ which is enhanced by x in a hypotactic conditional enhancement expansion. 4 Pattern 4: x 1 + β + γ αβ Data 109 08:08 Clause: x 1 molo adong ulaon ni angka dongan tubu muna parna, + βsongon i tarlumobi ulaon ni hula – hula muna γ manang na didia pe angka sinaga, αtibuma masuhi hamu punguan marga Universitas Sumatera Utara 150 Clause 1: molo adong ulaon ni angka dongan tubu muna parna Clause 2: songon i tarlumobi ulaon ni hula - hula muna manang na didia pe angka sinaga songon i tarlumobi ulaon ni hula – hula muna Clause 3: manang na didia pe angka sinaga Clause 4: tibuma masuhi hamu punguan marga Universitas Sumatera Utara 151 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is x 1 + β + γ α. 1 as a dependent clause with a relational process functions as an enhancing expansion. β as a dependent clause with a relational process functions as an enhancing expansion . γ as a dependent clause with a relational process functions as an enhancing expansion. α as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an enhanced expansion. So x 1 + β + γ α means that 1 + β + γ as expansions conditionally enhan cing α as an enhanced expansion in a conditional enhancement expansion.

4.1.3.4 Causal Enhancement

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that causal enhancement has paratactic and hypotactic causal enhancement as in the followings.

4.1.3.4.1 Paratactic Causal Enhancement

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the paratactic causal enhancement has four patterns, they are 1 x2; x1 2; x1 +2 3; and 1 +2 x3 4 +5 as in the followings. 1 Pattern: 1 x2 Data 139 23:09 Clause: Universitas Sumatera Utara 152 1ima patuduhon las ni roha nami, x2di naung pajonjongkon pardongan saripeon hamuna Clause 1: ima patuduhon las ni roha nami Clause 2: di naung pajonjongkon pardongan saripeon hamuna The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is 1 x2. 1 as an independent clause with a material process functions as an enhanced expansion. 2 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an enhancing expansion. So 1 x2 means that 1 as an expansion is causally enhanced by x2 as an enhancing expansion in a paratactic causal enhancement. 2 Pattern 3: x12 Data 100 03:03 Clause: x1pasahatonnami ma ulos 8 naganjang on 2asa ganjang ma barita nauli, barita Universitas Sumatera Utara 153 horas di hamuna keluarga sidabutar tu joloan ni arion Clause 1: pasahatonnami ma ulos 8 naganjang on Clause 2: asa ganjang ma barita nauli barita horas di hamuna keluarga sidabutar tu joloan ni arion The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is x1 2. x1 as an independent clause with a material process functions as an enhancing enhancement. 2as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an enhanced clause. So x1 2 means that x1 as an expansion causally enhances 2 as an enhanced expansion in a paratactic causal enhancement. 3 Pattern 3: x 1 +2 3 Universitas Sumatera Utara 154 Data 401:12 Clause: x1dang ala ni gogon ta i, +2manang ala ni ulaon ta, 3boi mardalan ulaon i Clause 1: dang ala ni gogon ta i Clause 2: manang ala ni ulaon ta Clause 3: boi mardalan ulaon i The logico-semantic relation on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is x 1+2 3. x 1 +2 are two independent clauses with relational processes function as enhancing expansions. 3 is an independent clause with material process function as an enhanced expansion. So x 1 +2 3 means Universitas Sumatera Utara 155 that x 1 +2 as expansions causally enhance 3 as an enhanced expansion in a paratactic causal enhancement. 4 Pattern 4: 1 +2 x3 4 + 5 Data 220 03:36 Clause: 1sahat-sahat ni solu ma +2sahat tu bontean, x3pasahaton nami ma ulos 8 on tu hamu bere, 4saluhut na ma hamu gabean +4ihut ma hita tu parhorasan Clause 1: sahat-sahat ni solu ma Clause 2: sahat tu bontean Clause 3: pasahaton nami ma ulos 8 on tu hamu bere Clause 4: Universitas Sumatera Utara 156 saluhut na ma hamu gabean Clause 5: ihut ma hita tu parhorasan The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is 1 +2 x3 4 +5. 1 +2 are two independent causal clauses with relational processes function as enhanced expansion. x3 is an independent clause with a material process functions as an enhancing expansion. 4 +5 as two independent clauses with relational processes function as enhanced expansions. Here 1 +2 x3 4 +5 means that 1 +2 are enhanced by +3 which enhances 4 +5 in a paratactic causal enhancement.

4.1.3.4.2 Hypotactic Causal Enhancement

4.1.3.5 Concessive Enhancement

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that concessive enhancement has only hypotactic concessive Universitas Sumatera Utara 159 enhancement as in the followings.

4.1.3.5.1 Hypotactic Concessive Enhancement

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the paratactic concessive enhancement has two patterns, i.e., x α and x α as in the followings. 1 Pattern 1: x α Data 151 24:35 Clause: x anting tung son go nape tipis do hot heal ni ulos 8 on αlas ma roha ni badanmuna Clause 1: antong tung songo nipe tipis dohot hapal ni ulos 8 on Clause 2: las ma roha ni badanmuna Universitas Sumatera Utara 160 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is x α. x as a dependent clause with a relational process functions as an enhancing expansion. α as an independent clause with mental proce ss functions as an enhancing expansion. So x α means that x as a concessive enhancement modifier clause enhances α as an expansion in a hypotactic concessive enhancement expansion. β Pattern β: x α Data 17 02:45 Clause: x songon napinangidoni ibotongku, α dang adong dijual ulos napinusaan 11 Clause 1: songon napinangidoni ibotongku Clause 2: dang adong dijual ulos napinusaan 11 Universitas Sumatera Utara 161 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning is x α. x as a dependent clause with a verbal process functions as an enhancing expansion. α as an independent clause with material process functions as an enhanced expansion. So x α means that x as a concessive enhancement expansion enhances α as an enhanced expansion in a hypotactic concessive enhancement expansion

4.1.3.6 Manner Enhancement

4.1.3.6.1 Hypotactic Manner Enhancement

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the concessive enhancement has two patterns, i.e., α x and x α as in the followings. 1 Pattern 1: α x Data 36 04:19 Clause: Universitas Sumatera Utara 162 αndang hea iboto x mangalompa Clause 1: dang hea iboto Clause 2: mangalompa The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α x . It is a type of hypotactic manner enhancement. α as an independent clauses with a mental process functions as the modifier. x as a dependent manner enhancement clause with a material process functions as the modifier. Here α is enhanced by x . So α x means that α as the independent head clause is enhanced by x as a dependent manner enhancement modifier clause in a hypotactic manner enhancement. β Pattern β: x α Data 102 03:17 Clause: x songon rambu ni ulos 8 on ma torop ni pinompar muna tu joloan ni arion Universitas Sumatera Utara 163 αpasupasuon ni Tuhanta Namartua Debata Clause 1: songon rambu ni ulos 8 on ma torop ni pinompar muna tu joloan ni arion ma torop ni pinompar muna tu joloan ni arion Clause 2: pasupasuon ni Tuhanta Namartua Debata The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the patterns of the logical meaningsin this text is x α. x as a dependent clause with a relati onal process functions as manner enhancing expansion. α as an independent clause with a mental process functions as an enhanced expansion. So x α means that x as a manner enhancing expansion enhances α as an enhanced expansion in a hypotactic manner enhancement expansion. Universitas Sumatera Utara 164

4.2 Projection

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that projection has three types, i.e., locution projection, idea projection and idea as in the followings.

4.2.1 Locution

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that locution projection has paratactic locution projection and hypotactic locution projection as in the followings.

4.2.1.1 Paratactic Locution

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that paratactic locution projection has three patterns i.e., 1 “β, x α1 “αβ+ αγ +α4, and “1 β as in the followings. 1 Pattern 1: 1 “β Data 40 04:51 Clause: 1saonnari dohonon nami ma ulos pansamot 9 di laemi dohot ibotonami dison, “βpassamot angka nauli nadenggan ma on dikeluarga ni laengku ibotongku Clause 1: saonnari dohonon nami ma ulos pansamot 9 di laemi dohot ibotonami dison Universitas Sumatera Utara 165 saonnari dohonon nami ma ulos pansamot 9 di laemi dohot ibotonami dison Clause 2: passamot angka nauli nadenggan ma on dikeluarga ni laengku ibotongku passamot angka nauli nadenggan ma on dikeluarga ni laengku ibotongku The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is 1 “β. It is a type of paratactic locution projection. 1 as an independent projecting clause with a verbal process functions as the modifier . “β as an independent projected clause with a relational process Universitas Sumatera Utara 166 functions as the head. Here 1 projects “β. So 1 “β means that 1 as an independent projecting modifier clause projects “β as an independent projected head clause in a paratactic locution projection. β Pattern β: x α1 “αβ+αγ+α4 Data 214 03:02 Clause: asa dapot ma songon α1nidokkon ni umpasa “αβgiring-giring ma gossa-gossa, xαγhatop ma hamu mangiring-iring +α4maropa-oppa Clause 1: asa dapot ma songon nidokkon ni umpasa Clause 2: giring-giring ma gossa-gossa Clause 3: hatop ma hamu mangiring-iring Universitas Sumatera Utara 167 Clause 4: maropa-oppa The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is x α1 “αβ +αγ +α4. It is a type of paratactic locution projection. 1 as an independent projecting clause with a verbal process functions as the first modifier. “β as an independent projected clause with a relational process functions as the second modifier. “γ as an independent projected cl ause with a material process functions as the head. “4 as an independent projected clause with a material process functions as the third modifier. Here 1 projects “β +γ +4. So 1 “β +γ +4 means that 1 as an independent projecting modifier clause project s “β +γ +4 as independent projected clauses in which +3 as the head and 1, +2 and +4 function as the modifiers in a paratactic locution projection. γ Pattern γ: “1 β Data 2103:05 “1boanongku do i tu ulaon adat, βninna lae Universitas Sumatera Utara 168 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is “1 β. It is a paratactic locution projection. 1 is an independent projected locution function as the modifier. 2 is an independent projecting clause function. Here 1 is projected by β. So “1 β means that 1 as an independent projected locution is projected by 2 as an independent projecting clause.

4.2.1.2 Hypotactic Locution

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that hypotactic locution projection has four patterns i.e., α “ , “α1 αβ, ”x α1 αβ, “α = as in the followings. 1 Pattern 1: α “ Data 53 01:01 Clause: αmandok mauliate ma hita tu Tuhanta,“ ala nungga dioloi sangkap ni rohamuna i Clause 1: mandok mauliatema hita tu Tuhanta Universitas Sumatera Utara 169 Clause 2: ala nungga dioloi sangkap ni rohamunai The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meanin g in this text is α “ . It is a hypotactic locution projection. α is an independent clause function as projecting clause. is a dependent clause function projected clause. Here is projected by α. So α “ means that α as an independent clause projects as a dependent projecting clause. β Pattern β: “α1 αβ Data 34 04:14 Clause: “α1ndang iboto on mangalompa, αβsungkun nion helangkon Clause 1: ndang iboto on Universitas Sumatera Utara 170 Clause 2: mangalompa Clause 3: sungkun nion helangkon The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is “α1 αβ. It is a hypotactic locution projection. “α1 as an independent projected locution clause with a mental process function as the h ead. “ as a dependent projected locution clause with a material process functions as the first modifier. αβ as an independent projecting clause with a verbal process functions as the second modifier. Here “α1 is projected by αβ. So α1 αβ means that α1 as an independent projected locution which is elaborated by is projected by αβ as an independent projecting clause. γ Pattern β: ”x α1 αβ Data 39 04:32 Clause: “hira mangajari roha da ito da, α1denggan ajari lao margareja, αβido holan Universitas Sumatera Utara 171 ido sidohonongku tu ibotongku tu laengku ido da ito da lae da Clause 1: hira mangajari roha da ito da Clause 2: denggan ajari Clause 3: lao margareja Clause 3: ido holan ido sidohonong ku tu ibotong ku tu laeng ku ido da ito da lae da ido holan ido sidohonong ku tu ibotong ku Universitas Sumatera Utara 172 tu laeng ku ido da ito da lae da The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is” x α1 αβ. It is a hypotactic locution projection. ”x as a dependent projected locution clause with a mental process functions as the head. α1 as a dependent projected locution clause with a material process functions as the first modifier. αβ as an independent projecting clause with a verbal process functions as the second m odifier. Here” x α1 is projected by αβ. So” x α1 in which”x enhances α1 is projected by αβ in a hypotactic locution projection. 4 Pattern 4: “α = Data 186 01:17 Clause: nanaeng sidohonon nami ditingkion ima, “α ingot hamuma hata pasu-pasu = nanijalomuna sian bagas gareja Clause 1: nanaeng sidohonon nami ditingkion ima Universitas Sumatera Utara 173 Clause 2: ingot hamuma hata pasu-pasu Clause 3: nanijalomuna sian bagas gareja The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is “α = . It is a hypotactic locution projection. as a dependent projecting locution clause with a verbal process functions as the modif ier. α as an independent projected locution clause with a mental process functions as the head. = as a dependent projected locution clause with a mental process functions as the second modifier. Here projects “α = . So “α = means that as a dependent projecting clause projects “α = in which α is elaborated by a commentary elaboration = in a hypotactic dependent projection.

4.2.2 Idea

4.2.2.1 Paratactic Idea

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the paratactic idea projection has only one pattern, i.e., 1 “β as in the followings. 1 Pattern:1 “β Data 6 01:28 Clause: 1martangiangma hita, “βasa anggiat gabe keluarga namarbahagia nasida Clause 1: martangiangma hita Clause 2: asa anggiat gabe keluarga namarbahagia nasida Universitas Sumatera Utara 175 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is 1 „β. It is a hypotactic idea proposition projection. 1 as an independent projecting clause with a mental process functions as the modifier. „β as an independent projected idea proposition clause with a relational process functions as the head. Here 1 projects „β. So 1 „β means that 1 as an independent projecting clause with a mental process functions to project „β as an independent idea proposition clause in a paratactic idea proposition projection.

4.2.2.2 Hypotactic Idea

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the hypotactic idea proj ection has only three patterns, i.e., α „ , α 1 + β + 3 , and „α as in the followings. 1 Pattern 1: α „ Data 9 01:5.5 Clause: α martangiang hita tu Debata, „ asa dipasaut sude angka nasinangkapan ni rohanta Clause 1: martangiang hita tu Debata Universitas Sumatera Utara 176 Clause 2: asa dipasaut sude angka nasinangkapan ni rohanta The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α . It is a hypotactic idea: projection α as an independent projecting clause with a mental process functions as the modifier. as a dependent projected idea: projection clause with a mental process functions as the head. Here α projects . So α means that α as an independent projecting clause with a mental process fun ctions to project as a dependent idea projection clause in a paratactic idea: projection. β Pattern β: α 1 + β + γ Data 3 00:41 Clause: αmauliate ma parjolo tapasahat tu amanta Debata jahoba, 1siala dibagasan sadariondi ho do da naung manjalo pasu- pasu parbagasan,+ β boru nami ima parumaen mu + γdohot di anak mu imada helanami Clause 1: Universitas Sumatera Utara 177 mauliate ma parjolo tapasahat tu amanta Debata Jahoba Clause 2: siala dibagasan sadarion di ho do da naung manjalo pasu-pasu parbagasan Clause 3: boru nami ima parumaen mu Clause 4: dohot di anak mu imada helanami Universitas Sumatera Utara 178 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α 1 + β + γ. It is a hypotactic idea: projection. α as an independent projecting clause with a mental process functions as the modifier. 1 as a dependent projected idea proposition clause with a mental process functions as the head. β as a dependent projected idea proposition clause with a relational functions as the modifier. γ as a dependent projected idea proposition clause with a relational functions as the modifier. Here α projects 1 + β + γ. So α 1 + β + γ means that α as an independent projecting clause with a mental process projects 1 + β + γ as three dependent idea proposition clauses in a hypotactic idea proposition projection. γ Pattern γ: „α Data 160 03:00 Clause: sian natarparsinta nasaleleng on, „α na ingkon jomolo ma nian siangkangan, asa sianggian Clause 1: sian natarpasinta nasaleleng on Universitas Sumatera Utara 179 Clause 2: na ingkon jomolo ma nian siangkangan asa sianggian The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is „ α. It is a hypotactic idea proposition projection. as a dependent projecting clause with a mental process functions as the modifier. „α as an independent projected idea proposition clause with a relational process functions as the head. Here projects „α. So „α means that as a dependent projecting clause with a mental process projects „α as an independent idea proposition clauses in a hypotactic idea proposition projection.

4.2.3 Idea: Proposition

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that idea proposition has paratactic idea proposition and hypotactic idea proposition as in the followings.

4.2.3.1 Paratactic Idea: Proposition

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic Universitas Sumatera Utara 180 relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the paratactic idea proposition has two patterns, i.e., 1 ‟β, „1 β, and 1 „β as in the followings. 1 Pattern 1: 1 ‟β Data 77 01:32 Clause: 1pos roha muna, ‟βsai diramoti ma hamu di parkarejoan muna Clause 1: pos roha muna Clause 2: sai diramoti ma hamu di parkarejoan muna The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text i s 1 „β. It is a pratactic idea proposition projection. 1as an independent projecting clause with a mental process functions as the modifier. „β as an independent projected idea proposition clause with a mental process functions as the head. Here 1 projects „β. So 1 „β means that 1 as Universitas Sumatera Utara 181 anindependent projecting clause with a mental process projects „β as an independent idea proposition clauses with a mental process in a paratactic idea proposition projection. β Pattern β: „1 β Data 87 02:13 Clause: „1burju-burju ma ho tu simatuam on 2pos rohangku Clause 1: burju-burju ma ho tu simatuamu on Clause 2: pos rohangku The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is „1 β. It is a paratactic idea proposition projection. „1as an independent projected idea proposition cause with a relational process functions as the head. 2 as an independent projecting clause with a mental process functions as the modifier. Here 1 projects „β. So „1 β means that „1 as an Universitas Sumatera Utara 182 independent projected idea proposition clause with a relational process is projected by 2 as an independent projecting clauses with a mental process in a paratactic idea proposition. γ Pattern 1: 1 „β Data 83 01: 56 Clause: 1pos rohangku, „βdonganmu gabe ma on, boru, sidabutar on Clause 1: pos rohangku Clause 2: donganmu gabe ma on, boru, sidabutar on The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is 1 „β. It is a paratactic idea proposition projection. 1as an independent projecting clause with a mental process functions as the modifier. „β as an independent projected idea proposition clause with a relational process functions as the head. Here 1 projects „β. So 1 „β means that 1 Universitas Sumatera Utara 183 as an independent projecting clause with a mental process projects „β as an independent idea proposition clause with a relational process in a paratactic idea proposition projection.

4.2.3.2 Hypotactic Idea: Proposition

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that the hypotactic idea proposition has two patterns, i.e., α „ = and „ α as in the followings. 1 Pattern β: α „ = Data 120 09:04 Clause: αmartangiang hita tu Tuhanta „ asa dioloi Tuhanta = sude angka nahutangiangkoni saluhutna Clause 1: martangiang hita tu Tuhanta Clause 2: asa dioloi Tuhanta sude Universitas Sumatera Utara 184 Clause 3: angka nahutangiangkon i saluhutna The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α „ = . It is a hypotactic idea proposition projection. α as an independent projecting clause with a mental process functions as the modifier. „ as a dependent projected idea proposition clause with a mental process functions as the head. „ as a dependent projected idea proposition clause with a mental process functions as the modifier. Here α projects „ = . So α „ = means that α as an independent projecting clause with a mental process projects „ as a dependent projected idea proposition clause w ith a mental process, and „ as a dependent projected idea proposition clause with a mental process in a hypotactic idea proposition projection. β Pattern γ: „ α Data : 19 02:56 Clause: Universitas Sumatera Utara 185 „ ulos-ulos 10 mu songon ulos 8 ni anakmu siampudani do α hubaen Clause 1: ulos-ulos 11 mu songon ulos 8 ni anakmu siampudan i do Clause 2: hu baen The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is „ α. It is a hypotactic idea proposition projection . „ as a dependent projected idea proposition clause with a relational process functions as the head. α as an independent projecting clause with a mental process functions as the modifier. Here „ projects α. So „ α means that „ as a dependent projecte d idea proposition is projected by α as an independent projecting clause in a paratactic idea proposition projection.

4.3 Complex Mixed Pattern

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research Universitas Sumatera Utara 186 indicates that complex mixed elaboration head pattern has four types, i.e., complex mixed elaboration head pattern, complex mixed extension head pattern, complex mixed enhancement head pattern and paratactic complex mixed locution head as in the followings.

4.3.1 Complex Mixed Elaboration Head Pattern

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that complex mixed elaboration head pattern has six patterns, i.e., 1 =x2 γ; α1= xαβ; xα1 = αβ ; x α1 = αβ; [α1 =αβ] x[xαγ = α4 +α5] and [α1] =[αβ x = ] as in the followings. 1 Pattern 1: 1 =x2 3 Data 33 04:10 Clause: 1nion boruku on,=x2 naburjo do on, 3mura do ajaranmu on Clause 1: nion borukon Clause 2: naburjo do on Universitas Sumatera Utara 187 Clause 3: mura do ajaranmu on The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is 1 =x2 3. It is a paratactic commentary elaboration head with a paratactic causal enhancenment. 1 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as the head clause. x2 as an independent causal enhancement clause with a relational process functions as the first modifier of 1. 3 as an independent clause with a mental process functions as the second modifier of 1. Here 1 is commentarily elaborated by =x2 3 as a paratactic causal enhancement. So 1 =x2 3 means that 1 as an independent clause is elaborated by =x2 3 as a commentary elaboration in which x2 as a causal enhancement clause enhances 3 as an independent clause in a paratactic commentary elaboration head with a paratactic causal enhancement. β Patter β: α1= xαβ Data 26 03:43 Clause: Universitas Sumatera Utara 188 α1ndang iboto = mambuat ulaonna, xαβholan ibotona do mangula saleleng on Clause 1: ndang iboto mambuat ulaonna Clause 2: holan ibotona do mangula saleleng on The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α1 = xαβ. It is a hypotactic commentary elaboration head with a hypotactic causal enhancenment. α1 as an independent clause with a mental process functions as the head clause. = as a dependent causal enhancement clause with a material process functions as the first modifier of α1. xαβ as an independent causal enhancement clause with a material process functions as the second modifier of α1 and = . Here α1 = is enhanced by xαβ. So α1 = xαβ means that α1 = as a hypotactic commentary elaboration is enhanced by xαβ as an independent causal enhancement clause in a hypotactic commentary elaboration head with a hypotactic causal enhancement. γ Pattern β: xα1 =αβ Universitas Sumatera Utara 189 Data: 158 02:38 Clause: xα1nungga di son hami pungu saluhutna, =αβboru ni hula-hulanta sinaga, amangborum, namborum, paribanmu, donganta boru nga di son, ima mangkalashon pesta pamasumasuon muna di bagasan sadarion Clause 1: nungga di son hami pungu saluhutnaboru ni hula-hulanta sinaga, amangborum, namborum, paribanmu nungga di son hami pungu saluhutna boru ni hula-hulatta sinaga amangborum, namborum, paribanmu Clause 2: donganta boru nga di son Universitas Sumatera Utara 190 Clause 3: ima mangkalashon pesta pamasumasuon muna di bagasan sadarion ima mangkalashon pesta pamasumasuon muna di bagasan sadarion The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is x α1 =αβ . It is a hypotactic commentary elaboration head with a hypotactic causal enhancement. α1 as an independent clause with a mater ial process functions as the first modifier of . =αβ as an independent specification elaboration clause with a relational process functions as the second modifier of . as a dependent clause with a mental process functions as the head. Here x α =α enhances . So x α1 =αβ means that x α1 =αβ as a hypotactic specification elaboration enhances as a dependent clause in a hypotactic specification elaboration head with a hypotactic Universitas Sumatera Utara 191 causal enhancement. 4 Pattern 4: x α1 = αβ Data: 175 04:21 Clause: xα1sai dalan ni tangiang nami ma tu Tuhanta, = tu angka tingki nanaeng ro, αβasa anggiat lao gabe lao mamora hamu Clause 1: sai dalan ni tangiang nami ma tu Tuhanta tu angka tingki Clause 2: nanaeng ro Clause 3: asa anggiat lao gabe lao mamora hamu The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the Universitas Sumatera Utara 192 pattern of its logical meaning in this text is x α1 = αβ. It is a hypotactic commentary elaboration head with a hypotactic causal enhancement. α1 as an independent clause wit h a relational process functions as the first modifier of αβ. = as a dependent specification elaboration clause with a behavioral process functions as the first modifier of α1 and the second modifier of αβ. αβ as a dependent clause with a relational proce ss functions as the head. Here xα1 = enhances αβ. So xα1 = αβ means that xα1 = as a hypotactic specification elaboration enhances αβ as anindependent clause in a hypotactic specification elaboration head with a hypotactic causal enhancement. 5 Pattern 5: [α1 =αβ] x[xαγ = α4 +α5] Data: 200 05:00 Clause: [α1sahat-sahat ni solu =αβsahat tu bontean ni Tiga Ras], x[xαγnungga saonnari taulahon ulaon = angka nauli nadenggan hombar tu angka Habatakkonta, α4sai leleng ma hita mangolu, +α5tontong ma antong dipasu- pasu Tuhan] Clause 1: sahat-sahat ni solu Clause 2: Universitas Sumatera Utara 193 sahat tu bontean ni tiga ras Clause 3: nungga saonnari taulahon ulaon Clause 4: angka nauli nadenggan hombar tu angka habatakkonta Clause 5: sai leleng ma hita mangolu tontong ma antong dipasu-pasu Tuhan Universitas Sumatera Utara 194 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is [α1 =αβ] x[x αγ = α4 +α5]. It is a hypotactic elaboration head with a hypotactic causal enhancenment. α1 as an independent clause with a material process functions as the first modifier of α4. =αβ as an independent restatement elaboration clause with a material process functions as the second modifier of α4. αγ as an independent causal enhancement clause with a material process function as the third modifier. = as a dependent commentary elaboration clause with a relational process function as the fourth modifier. α4 as an independent clause with behavioral process function as the head. α5 as an independent causal enhancement clause with a mental process functions as the fifth modifier. So [α1 =αβ] x[xαγ = α4 +α5] means that [α1 =αβ] as a hypotactic specification elaboration is enhanced by [xxαγ = α4 +α5] as a hypotactic causal enhancement in a hypotactic restatement elaboration mixed head with a hypotactic causal enhancement. 6 Pattern 6: [α1] =[αβ x = ] Data: 204 05:36 Clause: [ α1jadi las ma rohanta da] =[αβlasma roham boru x manjalo ulos 8 = nanaeng sipasahaton nami on] Universitas Sumatera Utara 195 Clause 1: jadi las ma rohanta da Clause 2: lasma roham boru Clause 3: manjalo ulos 8 Clause 4: nanaeng sipasahaton nami on The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is [α1] =[αβ x = ]. It is a hypotactic restatement elaboration head with a hypotactic causal enhancenment. α1 as an Universitas Sumatera Utara 196 independent clause wi th a relational process functions as the head. αβ as an independent restatement elaboration clause with a relational process functions as the first modifier. as a dependent causal enhancement clause with a material process functions as the second modifie r. = as a dependent description elaboration clause functions the third modifier. Here[α1] is elaborated by =[αβ x = ] and [αβ is enhanced by x = ]. So [α1] =[αβ x = ] means that [α1] is elaborated by =[αβ x = ] in which αβ is enhanced by x = ] and in which is elaborated by = in a hypotactic restatement elaboration head with a hypotactic causal enhancement.

4.3.2. Complex Mixed Extension Head Pattern

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that complex mixed extension head pattern has five patterns, i.e., α1 +αβ = , [1 +β] x[xγ 4 +5], α1 +αβ x , α1 +αβ x xαγ =α4 and α1 +αβ xαγ x +α4 +α5 +α6 as in the followings. 1 Pattern 1: α1 +αβ = Data: 232 01:47 Clause: α1tubuan anak ma hamu bere +αβ tubuan boru leleng = rap saur matua Clause 1: tubuan anak ma hamu bere Universitas Sumatera Utara 197 Clause 2: tubuan boru Clause 3: leleng rap saur matua The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α1 + αβ = . It is a paratactic extension “and” head mixed with hypotactic commentary elaboration expansion. α1as an independent clause with a material process functions as the head. αβ as an independent extension “and” clause with a material process functions as the first modifier. = as a dependent commentary elaboration clause with a behavioral process functions as the second modifier. He re α1 is extended by αβ = . So α1 +αβ = means that α1 as an independent clause with a material process is extended by +αβ = in which αβ as an independent extension “and” clause with Universitas Sumatera Utara 198 a material process is elaborated by x as a dependent commentary elaboration clause with a behavioral process in a paratactic extension “and” head mixed with hypotactic commentary elaboration expansion. 2 Pattern 2: [1 +2] x[x3 4 +5] Data: 134 22:31 Clause: [1di son di las ni rohanta, +2di las ni rohamuna] x[x 3ima napajonjongkon pardongan saripeon hamu 4nangkin nungga borhat hamu, +5nungga borhat hita tu bagas joro ni Tuhanta] Clause 1: di son di las ni rohanta Clause 2: di las ni rohamu na Clause 3: ima napajonjongkon pardongan saripeon hamu nangkin Universitas Sumatera Utara 199 Clause 4: nangkin nungga borhat hamu Clause 5: nungga borhat hita tu bagas joro ni Tuhanta γ Pattern γ: α1 +αβ x Data: 231 01:44 Clause: α1tubuan anak maho +αβtubuan boru x songon rondang ni bunga-bunga Clause 1: tubuan anak maho Universitas Sumatera Utara 200 Clause 2: tubuan boru Clause 3: songon rondang ni bunga-bunga The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α1 + αβ x . It is a paratactic extension “and” head mixed with hypotactic manner enhancement. α1 as an independent clause with a material process functions as the head. αβ as an independent extension “and” clause with a material process functions as the first modifier. x as a dependent manner enhancement clause with a behavioral process functions as the second modifier. Here α1 is extended by αβ x . So α1 +αβ x means that α1 as an independent clause with a material process is extended +αβ x in which αβ as an independent extension “and” clause with a material process is enhanced x as a dependent manner enhancement clause with a behavioral process in a paratactic extension “and” head mixed with hypotactic manner enhancement. Universitas Sumatera Utara 201 4 Pattern 4: α1 +αβ x xαγ =α4 Data: 199 04:51 Clause: α1lomak silunjuang6 +αβlomak x sonibaboan, xαγtung tu dia hamu mangalangka hela dohot ho boru, =α4tusi ma tontong dapotan pangomoan Clause 1: lomak silunjuang 6 Clause 2: lomak Clause 3: so nibaboan Clause 4: tung tu dia hamu mangalangka hela dohot ho boru Universitas Sumatera Utara 202 Clause 5: x tusi ma tontong dapotan pangomoan The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α1 + αβ x x xαγ =α4. It is a hypotactic extension head mixed with a paratactic causal enhancement. α1 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as the first modifier. αβ as an independent extension clause with a relational process functions as the second modifier. x as as a dependent commentary elaboration clause with a material process functions as the third modif ier. αγ as an independent causal enhancement clause with a material process function as the fourth modifier. +α4 as an independent clause with a material process functions as the head. Here α1 is extended by +αβ x and α1 +αβ x is enhanced by xxαγ α4. So α1 +αβ x xxαγ =α4 means that α1 as an independent clause with a relational process is extended +αβ x in which αβ as an independent clause with a relational process is elaborated x as a dependent commentary elaboration with a material process Universitas Sumatera Utara 203 and [α1 +αβ x is enhanced by xαγ α4 in which xαγ as an independent causal expansion clause with a material process enhances α4 as an independent clause with a material process in a hypotactic extension head mixed with a hypotactic manner enhancement. 5 Pattern 5: α1 +αβ xαγ x +α4 +α5 + α6 Data: 15.525:30 Clause: α1asa sahat solu +αβsahat tu bontean, xαγnungga syukur ulaonta di bagasan sadarion, x dung dipasahat hami ulos 8 tu hamuna, +α4di rumatangga muna sahat ma hamu gopas, +α5jala gabean, + α6jala tontong diramoti Tuhan Clause 1: asa sahat ni solu Clause 2: sahat tu bontean Clause 3: nungga syukur ulaonta di bagasan sadarion Universitas Sumatera Utara 204 Clause 4: dung dipasahat hami ulos 8 tu hamu na Clause 5: di rumatangga muna sahat ma hamu gopas Clause 6: jala gabean Clause 7: jala tontong diramoti Tuhan Universitas Sumatera Utara 205 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α1 +αβ xαγ x +α4 +α5 + α6. It is a paratactic extension head mixed with a hypotactic causal enhancement and a paratactic extension. α1as an independent clause with a material process functions as the first modifier. αβ as an independent extension clause with a material process fu nctions as the second modifier. αγ as an independent clause with a relational process functions as the third modifier. x as a dependent causal enhancement clause with a material process function as the fourth modifier. α4 as an independent clause with a m aterial process functions as the head. α5 as an independent extension clause with a relational process functions as the fifth modifier. And α6 as an independent extension clause with a material process functions as the fifth modifier. Here α1 +αβ is enhanced by xαγ x which is extended by +α4 +α5 + α6. So α1 +αβ as a paratactic extension is enhanced by xαγ x as a hypotactic causal enhancement which is extended by +α4 +α5 +α6 as a paratactic extension in the paratactic extension head mixed with the hypotactic causal enhancement and the paratactic extension.

4.3.3 Complex Mixed Enhancement Head Pattern

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research Universitas Sumatera Utara 206 indicates that complex mixed enhancement head pattern has six patterns, i.e., x α = , [x1 β] x[xγ 4 +5], 1 xβ +γ + 4, α1 x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ], x 1 α x β, and x α1 +αβ as in the followings. 1 Pattern 1: x α = Data: 172 04:06 Clause: x molo nga dompak hamu Tuhanta, α tontong ma pangido hamu i tu Tuhanta tu angka ari = namangihut Clause 1: molo nga dompak hamu Tuhanta Clause 2: tontong ma pangido hamu i tu Tuhanta tu angka ari Clause 3: namangihut Universitas Sumatera Utara 207 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is x α = . It is a hypotactic conditional head mixed with a paratactic commentary elaboration. x as a dependent conditional clause with a ment al process functions as the first modifier. α as an independent clause with a mental process functions as the head. = as a dependent commentary elaboration clause with a behavioral process functions as the second modifier. Here x enhances α = in which α is elaborated by = . So x α = means that x as conditional enhancement clause enhances x α = as paratactic commentary elaboration in which α is elaborated by x in the hypotactic conditional enhancement head mixed with the hypotactic commentary elaboration. 2 Pattern 2: [x1 2] x[x3 4 +5] Data: 154 25:10Clause: [x1asa tinampul ma bulung ni salak 4 , 2mangihut ma batang ni sikkoru 5 ], x[x3tangiang nami saluhutna hami hula-hula mu tu hamu ianangkon nami, 4sai tibuma hamu mangabing anak, +5huhut mangompa boru] Clause 1: asa tinampul ma bulung ni salak 4 Universitas Sumatera Utara 208 Clause 2: mangihut ma batang ni sikkoru 5 Clause 3: tangiang nami saluhutna hami hula-hula mu tu hamu ianangkon nami Clause 5: sai tibuma hamu mangabing anak Clause 6: huhut mangompa boru Universitas Sumatera Utara 209 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is [x1 2] x[x 3 4 +5]. It is a paratactic conditional head mixed with a paratactic commentary elaboration. x1 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as the first modifier. 2 as an independent clause with a material process functions as the modifier. x3 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as the second modifier. 4 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as an extended clause. 5 as an independent clause with a material process as an extending clause. Here [x1 2] is enhanced by x[x 3 4 +5]. So [x1 2] x[x 3 4 +5] means that [x1 2] is enhanced by x[x 3 4 +5] in the hypotactic conditional enhancement head mixed with the hypotactic commentary elaboration. 3 Pattern 3: 1 x2 +3 +4 Data 219 03:30 Clause: 1hariara silua antong di harangan sitangga, x2horas ma hamu +3martua, +4songoni ma huhut hami namaribebere Clause 1: hariara silua antong di harangan sitangga Universitas Sumatera Utara 210 Clause 2: horas ma hamu martua Clause 3: hamu martua Clause 4: songoni ma huhut hami namaribebere The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is 1 x 2 +3 +4. It is a paratactic causal enhancement head mixed with extension “and”. As an independent clause with a relational process functions as the first modifier. 2 as an independent causal Universitas Sumatera Utara 211 enhancement clause with a relational process functions as the head. +3 as an independent extension “and” clause with a relational process functions as the second modifier. 4 as an independent commentary elaboration with a relational process functions as the third mofifier. Here 1 is enhanced by x [2 +3 +4 in which 2 is extended by +3, and in which +3 is extended by 4. So 1 x 2 +3 +4 means that 1 is enhanced by x 2 +3 +4 and 2 is extended by +3 which is enhanced by +4 in a paratactic causal enhancement head mixed with extension “and”. 4 Pattern 4: α1 x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ] Data: 228 01:17 Clause: α1sada kebanggan x[αβparumaen mu nga di son, +αγhelam nga di san, = 1lengkap + βlaho mangkawal amang boru + γmambaen = sabar roha ni amang boru] Clause 1: sada kebanggan Clause 2: parumaen mu nga di son Universitas Sumatera Utara 212 Clause 3: helam nga di san Clause 4: lengkap Clause 5: laho mangkawal amang boru Clause 6: mambaen Universitas Sumatera Utara 213 Clause 7: sabar roha ni amang boru The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α1 x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ]. It is a hypotactic causal enhancement head mixed with extension “and” and commentary elaboration. α1 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as the head. αβ as an independent causal enhancement clause with a relational process functions as the modifier. +αγ as an independent extension “and” clause with a relational process functions as the second modifier. 1 as a dependent commentary elaboration with a relational process. β as a dependent commentary elaboration with a mental process. γ as a dependent commentary elaboration with a mental process. as a dependent commentary elaboration with a relational process. Here [α1] is enhanced by x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ] in which αβ +αγ is elaborated by = 1 + β + γ = ] and in which 1 + β is extended by + γ = ]. So α1 x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ] means that [α1] is enhanced by x[αβ +αγ = 1 + β + γ = ] in which αβ +αγ is elaborated by Universitas Sumatera Utara 214 = 1 + β + γ = ] and in which 1 + β is extended by + γ = ] in the hypotactic causal enhancement head mixed with extension “and” and commentary elaboration . 5 Pattern 5: x 1 α x β Data: 146 23:5.5 Clause: x 1alana molo dung dos tu Jahoba Debata hata mu di pardalanan ni ruma tanggai, α pos rohamu x βdinamengarungi gelombang di ruma tanggai Clause 1: alana molo dung dos tu Jahoba Debata hata mu di pardalanan ni ruma tanggai alana molo dung dos tu Jahoba Debata hata mu di pardalanan ni ruma tanggai Clause 2: pos rohamu Universitas Sumatera Utara 215 Clause 3: dinamengarungi gelombang di ruma tanggai The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is x 1 α x β. It is hypotactic causal enhancement head mixed with temporal enhancement. x as a dependent causal enhancement clause with a mental process functions as the first modifier. α as an indepe ndent clause with a mental process functions as the head. x β as a dependent temporal enhancement clause with a mental process functions as the second modifier. Here x 1 enhances α x β in which α is enhanced by x β. So x α x means that x 1 enhances α x β in which α is enhanced by x β in the hypotactic causal enhancement head mixed with temporal enhancement. 6 Pattern 6: x α1 +αβ Data: 174 04:15 Clause: tung songoni pe tipis dohot hapalna, ba lasma roha ni badan muna las ma rohani tondimuna Universitas Sumatera Utara 216 Clause 1: tung songoni pe tipis dohot hapalna Clause 2: ba lasma roha ni badan muna Clause 3: las ma rohani tondi muna The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is x α1 +αβ. It is the hypotactic causal enhancement head mixed with temporal enhancement. x as a dependent causal enhancement clause with a relational process functions as the first modifier. α1 as an independent clause with a relational process functions as the head. +αβ as an independent extension clause with a relational process functions as the second modifier. Here x enhances α1 +αβ in which α1 is extended by +αβ. So x α1 Universitas Sumatera Utara 217 +αβ means x enhances α1 +αβ in which α1 is extended by +αβ in the hypotactic causal enhancement head mixed with extension “and”.

4.3.4 Paratactic Complex Mixed Locution Head Pattern

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that paratactic complex mixed locution head has four patterns, i.e., “{[1 =β] x[xxγ 4 5 =6]}, x α1 “[αβ +αγ xα4 +α5], “α1 “[αβ + αγ xα4 xα5], and 1 “{[2 +3 x4 +5] =[6 =7] +[ 8 x9 x10] +[11 =12] x[x13 +14 15 x16]} as in the followings 1 Pattern 1: “{[1 =β] x[xxγ 4 5 =6]} Data: 179 05:07 Clause: “ {[1sahat solu =2sahat tu bontean], x[xx3nungga sahat sadarion 4hamuna mamungka keluarga naimbaru, 5sahat ma hamuna =6horas jala gabean]} Clause 1: sahat solu Clause 2: sahat tu bontean Universitas Sumatera Utara 218 Clause 3: nungga sahat sadarion Clause 4: hamuna mamungka keluarga naimbaru Clause 5: sahat ma hamu na horas Clause 6: jala gabean Universitas Sumatera Utara 219 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is“{[1 =β] x[xxγ 4 5 =6]. It is the paratactic projection head mixed with causal enhancement. 1 as an independent projected clause with a material process functions as the first modifier. =2 as an independent projected clause with a material process functions as the second modifier. x3 as an independent projected clause with a material process functions as the third modifier. 4 as an independent projected clause with a mental process functions as the fourth modifier. 5 as an independent projected clause with a relational process functions as the fifth modifier. And 6 as an independent projected clause with a relational process functions as the first modifier. Here “{[1 =β] x[xxγ 4 5 =6]} are six independent projected clauses in which “[1 =β] is enhanced by x[xxγ 4 5 =6]} in which xxγ 4 enhances 5 =6. So “{[1 =β] x[xxγ 4 5 =6]} means that “{[1 =β] x[xxγ 4 5 =6]} as six independent projected clauses in which “[1 =β] is enhanced by x[xxγ 4 5 =6]} in which xx3 4 enhance 5 =6 in the paratactic projection head mixed with causal enhancement. 2 Pattern β: x α1 “[αβ + αγ xα4 + α5] Data: 126 14:09 Clause: Universitas Sumatera Utara 220 x jadi songon nadidok ni hata ni umpasama α1dohonon nuaeng ate amang boru, “[αβtingko inggir-inggir, +αγbulung nai rata-rata, xα4sai anggiat ma tujolan ni ari on mangasi, α5manumpak amanta namartua Debata] Clause 1: jadi songon nadidok ni hata ni umpasama dohonon nuaeng ate amang boru jadi songon nadidok ni hata ni umpasama dohonon nuaeng ate amang boru Clause 2: tingko inggir-inggir Clause 3: bulung nai rata-rata Universitas Sumatera Utara 221 Clause 4: sai anggiat ma tujolan ni ari on mangasi Clause 5: manumpak Amanta Namartua Debata The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is “α1 “[αβ +αγ xα4 +α5]. It is the locution head mixed with extension “and” and causal enhancement. x as adependent projecting clause with a verbal process functions as the first modifier. “α1 as an independent projected clause with a material process functions as the second modifier. “αβ as an independent locution projected clause with a relational process functions as the third modifier. “αγ as an independent locution projected clause with a relational process functions as the fourth modifier. “α4 as an independent locution projected clause with a mental process functions as the head. Universitas Sumatera Utara 222 “α5 as an independent locution projected clause with a mental process functions as the fifth modifier. Here “α1 as a hypotactic projecting clause projects “[αβ +αγ x α4 + α5] in “αβ +αγ as a paratactic locution projected clauses which are enhanced by x α4 + α5]. So “α1 “[αβ + αγ x α4 +α5] means that “α1 as a hypotactic projecting clauses project “[αβ +αγ x α4 +α5] in which “αβ +αγ is enhanced by x α4 +α5 in the locution head mixed with extension “and” and causal enhancement. γ Pattern γ: “α1 “[αβ +αγ xα4 xα5] Data 130 16:54 Clause: x songon nanidok ni umpasa ma α1dohonon nami, “[αβsahat-sahat ni solu, +αγsahat ma tu bontean, xα4hupasahat hami ma ulos 8 naganjang on, xα5sai sahat ma hamu tu panggabean huhut tu parhorasan] Clause 1: songon nanidok ni umpasa ma Clause 2: dohonon nami Universitas Sumatera Utara 223 Clause 3: sahat-sahat ni solu Clause 4: sahat ma tu bontean Clause 5: hupasahat hami ma ulos 8 naganjang on Clause 6: sai sahat ma hamu tu panggabean huhut tu parhorasan Universitas Sumatera Utara 224 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is “α1 “[αβ + αγ x α4 xα5]. It is the locution head mixed with e xtension “and” and causal enhancement. x as a dependent projecting clause with a verbal process functions as the first modifier. “α1 as an independent projected clause with a material process functions as the second modifier. “αβ as an independent locution projected clause with a relational process functions as the third modifier. “αγ as an independent locution projected clause with a relational process functions as the fourth modifier. “α4 as an independent locution projected clause with a mental process functions as the head. “α5 as an independent locution projected clause with a mental process functions as the fifth modifier. Here “α1 as a hypotactic projecting clause projects “[αβ +αγ x α4 +α5] in “αβ +αγ as a paratactic locution projected clauses which are enhanced by x α4 + α5]. So “α1 “[αβ + αγ x α4 +α5] means that “α1 as a hypotactic projecting clauses project “[αβ +αγ x α4 +α5] in which “αβ + αγ is enhanced by x α4 +α5 in the locution head mixed with extension “and” and causal enhancement. 4 Pattern γ: 1 “{[2 +3 x4 +5] =[6 =7] +[ 8 x9 x10] +[11 =12] x[x13 +14 15 x16]} Data: 103 03:25 Universitas Sumatera Utara 225 Clause: 1jadi songon umpasa ni si jolo-jolo tu bu i ma dohonon nami tu helangku dohot tu borungku di son, {[2bintang na rumiris ma +3tu ombun nasumorop di dolok ni purba tua, x4tubuan anak ma ho +5riris tubuan boru torop], ={6dongan muna mai =7sahat tu saur matua],+[8pinantingkon hujor ma tu tonga ni tapian, x9tung tudia pe helenami dohot boru nami mangalangka, x10sai di sima dapotan parsaulian], +[11sahat solu =12sahat tu bontean ni tiga ras], x[x13nungga sahat dijalo hamuna pasu-pasu pardongan saripeoni, +14jala nungga sahat dipasahat hamu tu hami adat nagok tu angka hula-hula mu marga sinaga, 15sahat ma hamu leleng mangolu x16jala sahat ma tu panggabean tu parhorasan]} Clause 1: jadi songon umpasa ni si jolo-jolo tu bu i ma dohonon nami tu helangku dohot tu borungku di son jadi songon umpasa ni si jolo-jolo tu bu i ma tu helangku dohot tu borungku di Universitas Sumatera Utara 226 Clause 2: bintang na rumiris ma Clause 3: tu ombun nasumorop di dolok ni purba tua Clause 4: tubuan anak ma ho riris Clause 5: tubuan boru torop Universitas Sumatera Utara 227 Clause 6: dongan muna mai Clause 7: sahat tu saur matua Clause 8: pinantingkon hujor ma tu tonga ni tapian Clause 9: tung tudia pe hela nami dohot boru nami mangalangka Universitas Sumatera Utara 228 Clause 10: sai di sima dapotan parsaulian Clause 11: sahat solu Clause 12: sahat tu bontean ni tiga ras Clause 13: nungga sahat dijalo hamuna pasu-pasu pardongan saripeoni Universitas Sumatera Utara 229 Clause 14: jala nungga sahat dipasahat hamu tu hami adat nagok tu angka hula – hula mu marga sinaga jala nungga sahat dipasahat hamu tu hami adat nagok angka hula – hula mu marga sinaga Clause 15: sahat ma hamu leleng mangolu Universitas Sumatera Utara 230 Clause 16: jala sahat ma tu panggabean tu parhorasan The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is 1 “{[2 +3 x4 +5] =[6 =7] +[ 8 x9 x10] +[11 =12] x[x13 +14 15 x16]}. It is the locution head mixed with extension “and” and causal enhancement. 1 as a dependent projecting clause with a verbal process functions as the first modifier. “β and γ as an independent projected clauses with material processes function as the second and third modifiers. “4 as an independent locution projected clause with a relational process functions as the head. “5…16 as an independent projected clauses with relational, material, mental and behavioral processes function the next up to the last modifiers. Here 1 projects “{[2 +3 x4 +5] =[6 =7] +[ 8 x9 x10] +[11 =1β] x[x1γ +14 15 x16]}. So 1 “{[2 +3 x4 +5] =[6 =7] +[ 8 x9 x10] +[11 =12] x[x13 +14 15 x16]} means that 1 pro jects “{[2 +3 x4 +5] =[6 =7] +[ 8 x9 x10] +[11 =12] x[x13 +14 15 x16]} in which [2 +3 x4 +5] is elaborated by =[6 =7] which is extended by +[ 8 x9 x10] which is Universitas Sumatera Utara 231 extended by +[11 =12] which is enhanced by x[x13 +14 15 x16]}in the locution head mixed with extension “and” and causal enhancement. γ Pattern γ: 1 “{[2 +3 x 4 +5] = [6 =7] + [8 x 9 x10] +[11 =12] x[x13 +14 15 x16]}

4.3.5 Hypotactic Complex Mixed Locution Head Pattern

The analysis based on the transitivity system and the logico-semantic relation in the tactic system theories of SFG on the data of TBWS in this research indicates that hypotactic complex mixed locution head pattern has seven patterns, i.e., 1 xα1 “{[αβ = αγ] =[α4 x β =α5], α “α = , α1 “{[αβ + αγ] x[x α4 +α5 +α6 +α7 α7]}, α1”{[ αβ + αγ xα4] x[xx α5 α6 +α7]}, 1”{[β +γ] x[x4 5 +6 +7 +8]}, α1 “{[αβ] x[αγ = 1 + β + β]}, and [α1 x ] “{[αβ] x[αγ +α4 +α5 ]} as in the followings 1 Pattern 1: 1 xα1 “{[αβ = αγ] =[α4 x β =α5] Data: 127 15:41 Clause: 1jadi songon manidok ni umpasama α1dohononnami, “{[αβbalintang 1 ma pagabe 2 = αγtumandangkon sitadoan 7 ], =[α4arinta do gabe x βai nungga olo hita =α5masipaolo-oloan] Clause 1: jadi songon nanidok ni umpasama dohononnami Universitas Sumatera Utara 232 Clause 2: balintang 1 ma pagabe 2 Clause 3: tumandangkon sitadoan 7 Clause 4: arinta do gabe Clause 5: ai nungga olo hita Universitas Sumatera Utara 233 Clause 6: masipaolo-oloan The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is 1 xα1 “{[αβ = αγ] = [α4 x β =α5. It is the locution head mixed with elaboration. 1 as a dependent manner enhancement clause with a verbal process functions as the first modifier. xα1 as an independent projecting clause with a verbal processes functions as the second modifiers. “αβ as an independent locution projected clause with a relational process functions as the third modi fier. “αγ as an independent projected clauses with a material process function the fourth modifier. “α4 as an independent projected clauses with a material processes function the head. β as a dependent conditional enhancement clause with a verbal process functions as the fifth modifier. “α5 as an independent projected clauses with a mental process functions as the last modifier. Here 1 xα1 projects “{[αβ = αγ] = [α4 x β =α5. So 1 xα1 “{[αβ = αγ] =[α4 x β =α5 means that 1 xα1 in which 1 enhances xα1 projects “{[αβ = αγ] =[α4 x β =α5 “{[αβ = αγ] =[α4 x β Universitas Sumatera Utara 234 =α5 in which “[αβ = αγ] is elaborated =[α4 x β =α5 in the hypotactic locution head mixed with hypotactic commentary elaboration. β Pattern β: α “α = Data: 186 01:17 Clause: α1nanaeng sidohonon nami ditingkion ima, “αβingot hamuma hata pasu-pasu = nanijalomuna sian bagas gareja Clause 1: nanaeng sidohonon nami ditingkion ima Clause 2: ingot hamuma hata pasu-pasu Clause 3: nanijalomuna sian bagas gareja Universitas Sumatera Utara 235 The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is 1 “α = β. It is the hypotactic locution projection head mixed with hypotactic commentary elaboration. 1 as a dependent projecting clause with a verbal process functions as the first modifier. “αas an independent projected clause with a mental processes functions as the head. 1 “ β as a dependent elaboration locution projected clause with a mental process functions as the second modif ier. Here 1 projects “α = β in which “α is elaborated by β. So 1 “α = β means that 1 projects “α = β in the hypotactic locution projection head mixed with the hypotactic commentary elaboration. γ Pattern γ: α1 “{[αβ + αγ] x[x α4 +α5 +α6 +α7]} Data: 178 04:40 Clause: α1songon hata ni situa-tua ma dohonon nami, “{[αβbintang na rumiris ma ninna + αγtu ombun na sumorop di dolok ni purba tua], x[x tu angka tingki nanaeng ro α4sai dilehon Tuhanta di hamu +α5anak pe riris +α6boru torop +α7dongan muna mai α8sahat tu saur matua]} Clause 1: songon hata ni situa-tua ma dohonon nami Universitas Sumatera Utara 236 Clause 2: bintang na rumiris ma ninna Clause 3: tu ombun na sumorop di dolok ni purba tua Clause 4: tu angka tingki nana neng ro Clause 5: sai dilehon Tuhanta di hamu Clause 6: anak pe riris Universitas Sumatera Utara 237 Clause 7: boru pe torop Clause 8: dongan muna mai sahat tu saur matua The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α1 “{[αβ + αγ] x[x α4 +α5 +α6 +α7]}. It is a paratactic locution head mixed with a paratactic extension which is enhanced by a hypotactic enhancement. α1 as an independent projecting clause with a verbal process functions as the first modifier. “αβ as an independent projected clause with a relational processes functions as the second modifier. αγ Universitas Sumatera Utara 238 as an independent locution projected clause with a verbal process functions as the third modifier. x as a dependent locution projected clause with a behavioral process functions as the fifth modifier. α4 as an independent projected clause with a mental process functions as the head. +α5 as an independent projected clause with a relational processes functions as the sixth modifier. +α6as an independent projected clause with a relational process functions as the seventh modifier. And α7 as an independent projected clause with a relational processes functions as the last modifier. Here α1 projects “{[αβ + αγ] x[x α4 +α5 +α6 +α7]}. So α1 “{[αβ + αγ] x[x α4 +α5 +α6 +α7]} means that α1 projects “{[αβ + αγ] x[x 1 α4 +α5 +α6 +α7]} in a paratactic locution head mixed with a paratactic extension which is enhanced by a hypotactic enhancement. 4 Pattern 4: α1 ”{[ αβ +αγ x α4] x[xx α5 α6 +α7]} Data: 125 12:33 Clause: α1asa dohonon ma hata ni natua tua ”{[ αβlomak silunjuang 6 , + αγlomak xα4so binaboan], x[xx tung songononpe nuaeng ulos 8 α5dipasahat hami tuhamu, α6tu dia hamu mangalangka, +α7tusi dapotan pangomoan]} Clause 1: asa dohonon ma hata ni natua tua Universitas Sumatera Utara 239 Clause 2: lomak silunjuang 6 Clause 3 and 4: lomak so binaboan Clause 5: tung songon onpe nuaeng ulos 8 Clause 6: dipasahat hami tuhamu Clause 7: tu dia hamu mangalangka Universitas Sumatera Utara 240 Clause 8: tusi dapotan pangomoan The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α1” {[αβ + αγ xα4] x[x α5 = α6 +α7]}. It is a paratactic locution projection head mixed with hypotactic enhancement. α1 as an independent projecting clause with a verbal process functions as the first modifier. “αβ as an independent projected clause with a relational processes functions as the second modifier. αγ as an independent locution projected clause with a relational process functions as the third modifier. xα4 as an independent projected concessive enhancement clause with a material processes functions as the fourth modifier. α5 as an independent projected clause with a relational processes functions as the fourth modifier . x as a dependent locution projected commentary elaboration clause with a material process functions as the fifth modifier. α6 as an independent projected clause with a material process functions as the head. +α7 as an independent projected clause with a mental processes functions as the sixth modifier. Here α1 projects” {[αβ Universitas Sumatera Utara 241 +αγ x α4] x[xα5 = α6 +α7]}. So α1” {[αβ + αγ x α4] x[x α5 =6 α7 +α8]} means that α1 projects [αβ + αγ x α4] which is enhanced by [xα5 =6 α7 +α8]} in a paratactic locution projection head mixed with hypotactic enhancement. 5 Pattern 5: 1 ”{[β +γ] x[x4 5 +6 +7 +8]} Data: 44 05:27 Clause: 1jadi songon hata ni sijolojolo tubuma dohonon nami tu hamu lae dohot ibotonami di son,”{[βandor hadungka ma togu togu ni lombu, +3andor hatiti togutogu ni horbo], x[x4nungga sahat ulaonta sadarion, 5pempeng ma hamu saur matua, +6pairing iring pahompu, +7sahat tu namarnini, +8sahat tu namarnono]} Clause 1: jadi songon hata ni sijolojolo tubuma dohonon nami tu hamu lae dohot ibotonami di son jadi songon hata ni sijolojolo tubuma dohonon nami tu hamu lae Universitas Sumatera Utara 242 dohot ibotonami di son Clause 2: andor hadungka ma togu togu ni lombu Clause 3: andor hatiti togutogu ni horbo Clause 4: nungga sahat ulaonta sadarion Universitas Sumatera Utara 243 Clause 5: pempeng ma hamu saur matua Clause 6: pairing iring pahompu Clause 7: sahat tu namarnini Clause 8: sahat tu namarnono The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is1”{[β +γ] x[x4 5 +6 +7 +8]}. It is Universitas Sumatera Utara 244 a paratactic locution projection head mixed with paratactic manner enhancement. 1 as an independent projecting clause with a verbal process functions as the first modifier. “β as an independent projected clause with a relational processes functions as the second modifier. 3 as an independent locution projected clause with a relational process functions as the third modifier. 4 as an independent projected manner enhancement clause with a relational process functions as the fourth modifier. 5 as an independent projected clause with a relational processes functions as the head. 6 as an independent locution projected clause with a mental process functions as the fifth modifier. 7 as an independent projected clause with a elational process functions as the six modifiers. 8 as an independent projected clause with a relational processes functions as the las t modifier. Here 1”projects {[β +γ] x[x 4 5 +6 +7 +8]}. So 1” {[β +γ] x[x 4 5 +6 +7 +8]} means that 1” projects {[β +γ] x[x 4 5 +6 +7 +8]} in a paratactic locution projection head mixed with paratactic manner enhancement. 6 Pattern 6: α1 “{[αβ] x[αγ = 1 + β + β]} Data 153: 24:46 Clause: α1jadi asa songon hata ni natua-tua ma dohonon nami, “{[αβasa harambir ni si dapotan ma ninna, tu napuran ni parsoburan], x[αγpininta ni ulaonta nang tangiang nami tu Amanta Debata, = 1asa anggiat rumatangga berbahagia hamu + βjala tontong marsihaholongan + βhuhut diramoti Tuhan]} Universitas Sumatera Utara 245 Clause 1: jadi asa songon hata ni natua-tua ma dohonon nami Clause 2: asa harambir ni si dapotan ma ninna tu napuran ni parsoburan Clause 3: pininta ni ulaonta nang tangiang nami tu Amanta Debata Clause 4: asa anggiat rumatangga berbahagia hamu head : “ as an independent locution projected clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 246 Clause 5: jala tontong marsihaholongan Clause 6: huhut diramoti Tuhan The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the pattern of its logical meaning in this text is α1 “{[αβ] x [αγ = 1 + β + β]}. It is a paratactic locution projection head mixed with hypotactic manner enhancement. α1 as an independent projecting clause with a verbal process functions as the first modifier. “αβ as an independent projected clause with a verbal process functions as the second modifier. “ αγ as an independent locution projected clause with a relational process fu nctions as the third modifier. “ 1 as a dependent projected commentary clause with a relational process functions as the head. “ β as a dependent projected extension “and” clause with a mental Universitas Sumatera Utara 247 processes functions as the fourth modifier. “ γ as a dependent locution projected commentary elaboration clause with a mental process functions as the fifth modifier. Here α1 projects “{[αβ] x [αγ = 1 + β + β]}. So α1 “{[αβ] x[αγ = 1 + β + β]} means that α1 projects “{[αβ] x[αγ = 1 + β + β]}in which α1 “[αβ] is enhanced by x[αγ = 1 + β + β] in a paratactic locution projection head mixed with hypotactic manner enhancement. 7 Pattern 7: [α1 x ] “{[αβ] x[αγ +α4 +α5]} Data: 198 04:39 Clause: [α1asa dapot ma x songon nidok ni hata ni natua-tua], “{[αβtubuan lak-lak dohot sikkoru 5 di dolok ni Purba Tua], x[αγsai tubuan anak dohot boru ma hamu annon +α4dongan muna mai +α5sahat tu na saur matua]} Clause 1: asa dapot ma Clause 2: songon nidok ni hata ni natua-tua Universitas Sumatera Utara 248 Clause 3: tubuan lak-lak dohot sikkoru 5 di dolok ni purba tua Clause 4: sai tubuan anak dohot boru ma hamu anon Clause 5: dongan muna mai Clause 6: sahat tu na saur matua The logico-semantic relation analysis on the data above indicates that the Universitas Sumatera Utara 249 pattern of its logical meaning in this text is [α1 x ] “{[αβ] x [αγ +α4 +α5]}. It is a hypotactic locution projection head mixed with a paratactic manner enhancement. α1 as an independent projecting clause with a behavioral process functions as the first modifier. x as a dependent projecting clause with a verbal process functions as the second modifier. “αβ as an independent locution projected clause with a material process functions as the third modifier. αγ as an independent projected causal enhancement clause with a material process functions as the head. +α4 as an independent projected extension “and” clause with a relational processes functions as the fourth modifier. +α5 as a dependent locution projected extension “and” clause with a relational process functions as the last modifier. Here [α1 x ] projects “{[αβ] x [αγ +α4 +α5]}. So [α1 x ] “{[αβ] x [αγ +α4 +α5]} means that [α1 x ] projects “{[αβ] x [αγ +α4 +α5]} in which [αβ] is enhanced by x [αγ +α4 +α5] in a hypotactic locution projection head mixed with a paratactic manner enhancement. Universitas Sumatera Utara 250 CHAPTER V DATA ANALYSIS ON TRANSLATING EXPANSION AND PROJECTION OF TBWS 5.1 Translating Expansion 5.1.1 Translating Elaboration 5.1.1.1 Translating Specification Elaboration TBWS has two types of specification elaboration logical meanings. They can be classified into the paratactic and hypotactic logical meanings.

5.1.1.1.1 Paratactic Specification Elaboration 1 Pattern 1: 1 =2

The result of the translation process on the paratactic specification elaboration expansion with the pattern 1 =2 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical functions between the ST and TT. Data 116 08:46 1jadi pangke hamuma tu angka ulaon adat, =2pangke tarlumobi angka tu ulaon ni hula-hula muna 1so you wear this sarong to every party, =2especially to the party of your brother-in-laws Clause 1: Universitas Sumatera Utara 251 jadi pangke hamuma tu angka ulaon adat On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “pangke” as a material process into the word “wear” as an equivalent material process, after that to the translation of the word “hamu” as an actor into the word “you” as an equivalent actor, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “tu angka ulaon adat” as spatial circumstance into the phra se “to every traditional party” as an equivalent spatial circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “pangke hamuma tu angka ulaon adat” as a specified elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “so wear this sarong to every party” as an equivalent specified elaboration expansion. Clause 2: pangke tarlumobi angka tu ulaon ni hula-hula muna Universitas Sumatera Utara 252 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the elliptic verb “pangke” as a material process into the verb word “wear” as an equivalent elliptic material process, after that to the translation of the elliptic word “hamu” as an actor int o the word “you” as an equivalent actor, then to the translation of the elliptic phrase “mandar hela on” as an elliptic phenomenon into the elliptic phrase “this sarong” as an equivalent elliptic phenomenon and arrives at the translation of the phrase “talumobi tu angka ulaon ni hula-hulamuna” as a spatial circumstance the into the phrase “especially to the party of your brother-in-laws” as an equivalent circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an ellipti c independent clause “tarlumobi angka tu ulaon ni hula- hula muna” as a specifying elaboration expansion is translated into an elliptic independent clause “especially to the party of your brother-in-laws” as an equivalent specifying elaboration expansion.

5.1.1.1.2 Hypotactic Specification Elaboration 1 Pattern 1: α =

Data 67 00:31 The result of the translation process on the hypotactic specification elaboration expansion with the pattern α = based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Universitas Sumatera Utara 253 αjadi, pos do roha nami sude hami angka simatuam hula- hulam sinaga = na adong di balige on αthe hearts of all your father-in-laws, your father-in-laws, sinaga = who live in balige Clause α : jadi, pos do rohana mi sude hami angka simatuam hula-hulam sinaga On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indic ates that it begins from the translation of the word “pos” as a mental process into the word “believe” as an equivalent mental process to the translation of the phrase “roha nami sude angka simatuam hula-hulam sinaga” as a senser into the phrase “the heart of all your father-in-laws, your father-in-laws, sinaga” as an equivalent senser. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “jadi pos do roha nami Universitas Sumatera Utara 254 sude hami angka simatuam, hula- hulam, sinaga” as a specified elaboration expansion clause is translated into an independent clause “the hearts of all your father-in-laws, your father-in- laws, sinaga” as an equivalent specified elaboration expansion clause. Clause : na adong di balige on On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “adong” as a behavioral process into the word “live” as an equivalent behavioral process, after that to the translation of th e word “na” as a relative pronoun into the word “who” as an equivalent relative pronoun, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “di Balige on” as the spatial circumstance into the phrase “in Balige” as an equivalent spatial circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “na adong di balige on” as a specifying elaboration expansion clause is translated into a dependent clause “who live “in balige” as an equivalent specifying elaboration expansion clause. β Pattern β: α1 = =αβ The result of the translation process on the elaboration expansion with the pattern α1 = =αβ based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that Universitas Sumatera Utara 255 there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST. Data 162 03:17 Clause α1: α1jadi tung tangkas ma tu angka tingki = naeng ro =αβsae anggiatma gabe keluarga namarbehagia hamu α1be very clear to every time = which will come , =αβmay you become a happy family Clause α1: jadi tung tangkas ma tu angka tingki On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the phrase “tung t angkas” as an attribute into the word “clear” as an equivalent attribute to the translation of the phrase “tu angka tingki” as an equivalent carrier into the phrase “to every time” as an equivalent carrier. On the level of clause logical function, the tran slation process indicates that an independent clause “jadi tung tangkas ma tu angka tingki” as a specified elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “be very clear to every time” as an equivalent specified elaboration expansion. Universitas Sumatera Utara 256 Clause = : naeng ro On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the phrase “naeng ro” as a behavioral process into the phrase “will come” as an equivalent behavioral process to the translation of the word “na” as the elliptic relative pronoun into the word “which” as an equivalent elliptic relative pronoun. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “naeng ro” as a specified elaboration expansion is translated into a dependent clause “which will come” as an equivalent specified elaboration expansion. Clause =αβ: sae anggiatma gabe keluarga namarbahagia hamu On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the phrase “anggiat ma gabe” as a relational process into the phrase “may...become” as an equivalent Universitas Sumatera Utara 257 relational process, after that to the translation of the word “hamu” as a carrier into the word “you” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “keluarga namarbahagia” as the carrier into the phrase “a happy family” as an equivalent carrier. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “sae anggiatma gabe keluarga namarbahagia hamu ” as a specifying elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “may you become a happy family” as an equivalent specifying elaboration expansion.

5.1.1.2 Translating Exemplification Elaboration

TBWS has two types of exemplification elaboration logical meanings. They can be classified into the paratactic and hypotactic logical meanings.

5.1.1.2.1 Paratactic Exemplification Elaboration 1 Pattern 1 =2

The result of the translation process on the elaboration expansion with the pattern 1 =2 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 114 08:40 Clause 1tu gareja angka pangkean nabiasa ipe, =2ima pangkean nasional ido pangkeon muna tu gareja 1to church is the informal dress only, =2you wear the national cloth Universitas Sumatera Utara 258 Clause 1: tu gareja angka pangkean nabiasa ipe On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “angka” as a relational process into the word “is” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the translation of the phrase “pangkean nabiasa ipe” as a carrier into the word “the informal dress only” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “tu gareja” as the attribute into the phrase “to church” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “tu gareja angka pangkean nabiasa ipe” as a exemplified elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “to church is the informal dress only” as an equivalent exemplified elaboration expansion. Clause =2: ima pangkean nasional i do pangkeon muna Universitas Sumatera Utara 259 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “pangkeon” as a material process into the word “wear” as an equivalent material process, after that to the translation of the word “mu” as an actor into the word “you” as an equivalent actor, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “pangkean nasional” as the phenomenon into the phrase “the national clothes” as an equivalent phenomenon. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “ima pangkean nasional i do pangkeon muna” as an exemplifying elaboration expansion clause is translated into an independent clause “you wear the national clothes” as an equivalent exemplying elaboration expansion. 2 Pattern 2: 1 = 2 + 3 The result of the translation process on the elaboration expansion with the pattern 1 =2 + 3 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 91 02:28 1jadi ingkon burju ma hamu, = 2burju margareja, + 3burju martangiang 1you must be kind, =2be kind to curch, +3be kind to pray Clause 1: jadi ingkon burju ma hamu Universitas Sumatera Utara 260 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “ingkon” as a relational process into the phrase “must be” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the translation of the word “hamu” as a carrier into the word “you” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the word “burju” as the attribute into the word “kind” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “jadi ingkon bu rju ma hamu” as a exemplification elaboration expansion clause is translated into an independent clause “you must be kind” as an equivalent exemplification elaboration expansion clause. Clause = 2: burju margareja On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “burju” as a attribute with a material process into the phrase “be kind” as an equivalent Universitas Sumatera Utara 261 attribute with a material process to the translation of the wo rd “margareja” as a carrier into the phrase “to church” as an equivalent carrier. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “burju margareja” as the first exemplifying elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “be kind to church” as the first equivalent exemplifying elaboration expansion. Clause = 3: burju martangiang On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “burju” as an attribute with a relational process into the phrase “be kind” as an equivalent attribute with a relational process to the translation of the word “martangiang” as an equivalent carrier into the infinifive wit h to “to pray” as an equivalent carrier. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “burju martangiang” as a exemplified elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “be kind to pray” as an equivalent exemplified elaboration expansion. Universitas Sumatera Utara 262

5.1.1.3 Translating Commentary Elaboration

TBWS has two types of commentary logical meanings. They can be classified into the paratactic and hypotactic logical meanings.

5.1.1.3.1 Paratactic Commentary Elaboration 1 Pattern 1: 1 =2

5.1.1.3.2 Hypotactic Commentary Elaboration 1 Pattern α =

The result of the translation process on the elaboration expansion with the pattern α = based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 164 03:09 Clause: α jadi sadarion tari do i cita-cita na saleleng on,= asa parjolo ho ale anggia αto day our ever since hope appears, = so that you my younger sister-in-law gets married at first Clause α : jadi sadarion tari do cita-cita na saleleng on On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “tarida” as Universitas Sumatera Utara 265 a relational process into the word “appears” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the translation of the phrase “cita-cita ta nasaleleng on” as a carrier into the word “our ever since hope” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “sadari on” as the temporal circumstance into the phrase “to day” as an equivalent temporal circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “jadi sadarion tari do i cita- cita na saleleng on” as a commented elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “to day our hope appears” as an equivalent commented elaboration expansion. Clause = : asa parjolo ho ale anggia On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “parjolo” as a behavioral process into the phrase “gets married at first” as an equivalent behavioral process with a temporal circumstance, after that to the translation of the word “ho” as a behaver into the word “you” as an equivalent behaver, afterwards to the translation of the phrase “anggia” as a vocative into the phrase “my younger sister-in-law” as an equivalent vocative, and arrives at the Universitas Sumatera Utara 266 translation of the word “asa” as a conjunction into the words “so that” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “jadi sadarion tarido i cita-cita na saleleng on” as a commented elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “So that you my younger sister-in-law gets married at first” as an equivalent commented elaboration expansion. β Pattern β: α = 1 + β The result of the translation process on the elaboration expansion with the pattern α = 1 + β based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 202 05:21 α pasahaton nami ma annon tu ho ulos 8 = 1siganjang rambu + βulos 8 nahapal αsoon we are going to deliver an ulos 8 to you, = 1an ulos 8 which its springles are long, + βan ulos 8 which is tick Clause α : pasahaton nami ma annon tu ho ulos 8 Universitas Sumatera Utara 267 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “pasahaton” as a material process into the word “deliver” as an equivalent material process, after that to the translation of the word “nami” as an equivalent actor into the word “we” as an equivalent actor, afterwards to the translation of the phrase “ulos 8 ” as the goal into the phrase “an ulos 8 ” as an equivalent goal, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “to ho” as the recipient beneficiary in to the phrase “to you” as an equivalent recipient beneficiary. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “pasahaton nami ma annon tu ho ulos 8 ” as a commentary elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “soon we are going to deliver an ulos 8 to you” as an equivalent commentary elaboration expansion. Clause = 1: siganjang rambu On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “siganjang” as an attribute with its relevant relational process into the word “are long” as an equivalent attribute with its relevant relational process, after that to the translation of the word “rambu” as a carrier into the phrase “an ulos 8 which its Universitas Sumatera Utara 268 springles” as an equivalent carrier. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “siganjang rambu” as a commenting elaboration expansion is translated into a dependent clause “an ulos 8 which its springles are long” as an equivalent commentary elaboration expansion. Clause = β: ulos 8 nahapal On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “hapal” as an attribute with a relational process into the word “is thick” as an equivalent attribute with its relevant relational process, after that to the translation of the word “ulos 8 ” as a carrier into the phrase “an ulos 8 which” as an equivalent carrier with a relevant relative pronoun. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependen t clause “ulos 8 nahapal” as a commentary elaboration expansion clause is translated into a dependent clause “an ulos 8 which is tick” as an equivalent commentary elaboration expansion. γ Pattern γ: = α The result of the translation process on the elaboration expansion with the pattern = α based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a Universitas Sumatera Utara 269 translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 4105:08 Clause: = passamot panggabean parhorasan αulos 8 naganjang on = to invite the off springs and the savetiness, α this ulos 8 is long Clause = : passamot panggabean parhorasan On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins to the translation of the word “pansamot 3 ” as a mental process into the infinitive “to invite” as an equivalent mental process, after that to the translation of the phrase “panggabean parhorasan” as a phen omenon into the phrase “the of-springs and the savetiness” as an equivalent phenomenon. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “passamot panggabean parhorasan” as a commented elaboration expansion clause is translated into a dependent clause “To invite the of- springs and the savetiness” as an equivalent commented elaboration expansion. Clause α: Universitas Sumatera Utara 270 ulos 8 naganjang on On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process abo ve indicates that it begins to the translation of the word “naganjang” as an attribute with a relevant relational process into the word “long” as an equivalent attribute with a relevant relational process to the translation of the phrase “ulos 8 ... on” as a carrier. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “ulos 8 naganjang on” as a an independent commented elaboration expansion into an independent clause “This ulos 8 is long” as an equivalent independent commented elaboration expansion.

5.1.2 Translating Extension 5.1.β.1 Translating Extension “and”

TBWS has only one type of extension “and” logical meaning, that is the paratactic logical meanings. 5.1.β.1.1 Paratactic Extension “and” 1 Pattern 1:1 +2 Universitas Sumatera Utara 271 The result of the translation process on the paratactic extension “and” expansion with the pattern 1 +2 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico- grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 1402:25 1da hahang nadua i nungga parjolo borhat, +1songoni edamuna baomuna 1my two elder brothers have firstly passed away, +1and your sister-in-law also has Clause 1: da hahang nadua i nungga parjolo borhat On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the phrase “nungga...borhat” as a behavioral process into the word “have passed away” as an equivalent behavioral process, after that to the translation of the phrase “da hahang na dua i” as a behaver into the phrase “my two elder brothers” as an equivalent behaver, and arrives at the translation of the word “parjolo” as the temporal circumstance into the word “firstly” as an equivalent temporal Universitas Sumatera Utara 272 circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “da hahang nadua i nungga parjolo borhat” as an extended expansion is translated into an independent clause “my two elder brothers have firstly passed away” as an equivalent extended expansion. Clause +2: songoni edamuna baomuna On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the phrase “songoni eda mu bao mu” as a behaver into the phrase “your sister-in-law” as an equivalent behaver, after that to the translation of the word “songoni” as a conjunction into the word “and” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an elliptic independent clause “songoni edamuna baomuna” as an extending expansion is translated into an elliptic independent clause “and your sister-in-law also has” as an equivalent extending “and” expansion clause. β Pattern γ: 1 …+ 4 The result of the translation process on the paratactic extension expansion with the pattern 1…+ 4 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates Universitas Sumatera Utara 273 that there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 45 05:58 1eme sitamba tua parlinggoman ni siborok, +2amanta Debata do silehon tua, +3horas ma laengku ibotongku +4diparorot 1paddy the adder of blessing is the shelter of tadpoles, +2our father god is the giver of blessing, +3may my brother and sister-in-law be healthy +4to be protected Clause 1: eme sitamba tua parlinggoman ni siborok On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the phrase “eme sitamba tua” as a carrier accompanied with its relevant relational process into the phrase “padi the adder of blessing” as an equivalent carrier accompanied with its relevant process “is” to the translation of the phrase “parlinggoman ni soborok” as an attribute into the phrase “the shelter of tadpoles” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “eme sitamba tua parlinggoman ni siborok” as an extension Universitas Sumatera Utara 274 “and” expansion clause is translated into an independent clause “paddy the adder of blessing is the shelter of tadpoles” as an equivalent extended expansion. Clause +2: amanta Debata do silehon tua On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “do” as a relational process into the word “is” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the translation of the phrase “amanta Debata” as a carrier into the phrase “our father God” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “silehon tua” as the attribute into the phrase “the giver of blessing” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “amanta Debata do silehon tua” as an extending expansion is translated into an independent clause “our father god is the giver of bl essing” as an equivalent extending expansion. Clause +3: horas ma laengku ibotongku Universitas Sumatera Utara 275 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “ma” as a relational proce ss into the words “may... be” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the translation of the word “laengku ibotongku” as a carrier into the phrase “my sister and brother-in-laws” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the ph rase “horas” as the attribute into the word “healthy” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “horas ma laengku ibotongku modifier” as an extending expansion is trans lated into an independent clause “may my brother and sister-in- law be healthy” as an equivalent extending expansion. Clause +4: diparorot On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it is the translation of the word “diparorot” as the mental process of the elliptic clause hamu diparorot into the word “to be Universitas Sumatera Utara 276 protected” as an equivalent mental process of the elliptic clause “you are protected. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the elliptic independent clause “diparorot” as a extending expansion is translated into the elliptic independent clause “to be protected” as the elliptic equivalent extending expansion. 5.1.β.β Translating Extension “or” TBWS has only one type of extension “or” logical meaning, that is the paratactic logical meanings. 5.1.β.β.1 Paratactic Extension “or” 1 Pattern 1 +2 Th e result of the translation process on the extension “or” expansion with the pattern 1 +2 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 117 08:54 mamben adat hamu manang manggarar adat, dainang da You make a party, or Clause 1: bambaen adat hamu Universitas Sumatera Utara 277 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “mambaen” as a material process into the word “make” as an equivalent material process, after that to the translation of the word “hamu” as an actor into the word “you” as an equivalent actor, and arrives at the translation of the word “adat” as the goal into the phrase “a party” as an equivalent goal. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “mambaen adat hamu da inang da” as a extension “or” expansion is translated into an independent clause “you make a party” as an equivalent extension “or” expansion. Clause 2: manang manggarar adat, dainang da On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “mangarar” as a material process into the verb “pay” as an equivalent material process, after Universitas Sumatera Utara 278 that to the translation of the noun “adat” as a goal into the noun “party” as an equivalent goal, and arrives at the translation of the word “manang” as a connector into the word “or” as an equivalent connector. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “manang manggarar adat da inang da” as an extension “or” expansion clause is translated into an independent clause “or to pay a party” as an equivalent extension “or” expansion clause. 2 Pattern 2: 1 +2 +3 The result of the translation process on the extension expansion with the pattern 1 +2 +3 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 108 08:02 nang pe di Sidamanik hamu marsogot, manang na di porsea, manang na di balige on although you will be in sidamanik or at porsea, or in Balige here Clause 1: nang pe di sidamanik hamu marsogot Universitas Sumatera Utara 279 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “hamu” as a carrier accompanied with a relevant relational process into the word “you” as an equivalent carrier accompanied with a relevant relational, after that to the translation of the phrase “di sidamanik” as a spatial circumstance into the phrase “at sidamanik” as an equivalent spatial circumstance, afterwards to the translation of the word “marsogot” as a temporal circumstance into the word “tomorrow” as an equivalent temporal circumstance, and arrives at the translation of the word “nang” as the conjunction into the word “although” as an equivalent conjunction . On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “nang pe di Sidamanik hamu marsogot” as an extended “or “expansion is translated into an independent clause “although you will be in sidamanik” as an equivalent extended “or” expansion. Clause +2: manang na di porsea On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process abo ve indicates that it begins from the translation of the phrase “di porsea” as a spatial circumstance accompanied with an elliptic relevant relational process and carrier into the phrase “at porsea” as an equivalent relational process Universitas Sumatera Utara 280 with a relevant relational process and carrier to the translation of the word “manang” as a conjunction to the word “or” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “manang di porsea” as an extending “or” expansion is translated into an independent clause “or at Porsea” as an equivalent extending “or” expansion. Clause +3: manang na di balige on On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates t hat it starts from the translation of the phrase “di balige” as a spatial circumstance accompanied with an elliptic relevant relational process and carrier into the phrase “in balige” as an equivalent relational process with a relevant relational process a nd carrier to the translation of the word “on” also as spatial circumstance into the word “here” also as a spatial circumstance, and arrives to the translation of the word “manang” as a conjunction to the word “or” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “manang di balige on” as an extending “or” expansion is translated into an independent clause “or in balige here” as an equivalent extending “or” expansion. Universitas Sumatera Utara 281

5.1.2.3 Translating Extension “but”

TBWS has only one type of extension “but” logical meaning, whichis the paratactic logical meaning. 5.1.β.γ.1 Paratactic Extension “but” 1 Pattern 1 +2 The result of the translation process on the paratactic extension “but” expansion with the pattern based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 112 08:35 Clause: 1holan tu adat do boanon muna on ate, +2dang pola boanon muna on dohot tu gareja 1you only bring this to a party, +2but do not bring this to church Clause 1: holan tu adat do boanon muna on ate On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “boanon” Universitas Sumatera Utara 282 as a material process into the word “bring” as an equivalent material process, after that to the translation of the word “muna” as an actor into the word “you” as an equivalent actor, afterwards to the translation of “on” as goal into the word “this” as an equivalent goal, then to the translation of the phrase “tu adat” as a spatial circumstance into the phrase “to a party” as an equivalent spatial circumstance, and arrives at the translation of the word “holan” as the manner circumstance into the word “only” as an equivalent circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “holan tu adat d o boanon muna on ate” as an extension “but” expansion is translated into an independent clause “you only bring this to a party” as an equivalent extension “but” expansion. Clause +2: dang pola boanon muna on dohot tu gareja On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the phrase “dang pola boanon” as a material process into the phrase “do not bring” as an equivalent material process, here the word “muna” as an actor is not translated into the word “you” for it is as an elliptic equivalent actor, then to the translation of the noun substitute “on” as a goal into the noun substitute “this” as an equivalent goal, Universitas Sumatera Utara 283 afterwards to the translation of the phrase “tu gareja” as spatial circumstance to the phrase “to church”, and arrives at the translation of the elliptic word “alai” as a conjunction into the elliptic “but” as an equivalent elliptic conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “dang pola boanon muna on dohot tu gareja” as an extension “or” expansion clause is translated into an independent clause “but you do not bring this to church” as an equivalent extension “or” expansion clause. 5.1.3 Translating Enhancement 5.1.3.1 Translating Spatial Enhancement

5.1.3.1.1 Paratactic Spatial Enhancement 1 Pattern 1: x12

The result of the translation process on the paratactic spatial enhancement expansion with the pattern x1 2 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico- grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 29 03:53 Clause: x1SMA ibana 2di asrama do x1when she was at senior middle high school, 2she was at a student hostel Clause x1: Universitas Sumatera Utara 284 sma ibana On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “ibana” as a carrier is trans lated into the word “she” as a carrier accompanied with a relevant relational process “was”, after that to the translation of the abbreviation “sma” as an attribute into the phrase “a senior middle high school student” as an equivalent attribute, and arriv es at the translation of the elliptic word “tingki” as a conjunction into the word “when” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “smaibana” as an spatial enhancing expansion is translated into a dependent clause “when she was a senior middle high chool student” as an equivalent temporal enhancing expansion. Clause 2: di asrama do On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation Universitas Sumatera Utara 285 process above indicates that it is the translation of phrase “di asrama” as an attribute into the phrase “in a student hostel” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with the elliptic relational process “was” and the elliptic carrier “she”. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an elliptic independent clause “di asrama do” as a temporal enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “she was at a student hostel” as an equivalent temporal enhanced expansion.

5.1.3.1.2 Hypotactic Spatial Enhancement 1 Pattern α x

The result of the translation process on the hypotactic spatial enhancement with the pattern α x based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 69 00:48 αpos rohanami nang di tangiang nami, x nainggkon gabe keluarga namarbahagia hamu αour hearts believe as in our prayer , x „you must be a happy family‟ Clause1 : pos rohanami nang di tangiang nami Universitas Sumatera Utara 286 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “pos” as a mental process into the word “believe” as an equivalent mental process, after that to the translation of the phrase “roha nami” as a senser into the phrase “our hearts” as an equivalent senser, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “nang di tangiang nami as a spatial circumstance into t he phrase “as in our prayer” as an equivalent spatial circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “pos roha nami nang di tangiang nami” as a spatial enhanced clause is translated into an independent clause “our hearts believe as in our prayer” as an equivalent spatial enhanced clause. Clause „β: nainggkon gabe keluarga namarbahagia hamu On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the phrase Universitas Sumatera Utara 287 “naingkon gabe” as a relational process into the phrase “must be” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the translation of the word “hamu” as a carrier into the word “you” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “keluarga namarbahagia” as the attribute into the phrase “a happy family” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “naingkon gabe keluarga namarbahagia hamu” as an enhancing clause is translated into an independent clause “you must be a happy family” as an equivalent enhancing clause. 5.1.3.2 Translating Temporal Enhancement 5.1.3.2.1 Hypotactic Temporal Enhancement 1 Pat tern 1: α x The result of the translation process on the temporal enhancement expansion with the pattern α x based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico- grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 95 02:47 αtontu martangiang x tingki margareja αsurely you pray x when you are at church Clauseα: tontu martangiang Universitas Sumatera Utara 288 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begin from the translation of the word “martangiang” as a verbal process into the word “pray” as an equivalent verbal process with an elliptic word “you” as a sayer to the translation of the word “tontu” as a manner circumstance into the word “surely” as an equivalent manner circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “tontu martangiang” as a temporal enhanced expansion is translated into an in dependent clause “surely you pray” as an equivalent temporal enhanced expansion. Clause x : tinggki margareja On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begin from the translation of the word “margareja” as an attribute into the phrase “at church” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with the relevant relational process “are” and the relevant carrier “you” to the Universitas Sumatera Utara 289 translation of the word “tingki” as a conjunction into the word “when” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “tingi margareja” as a temporal enhancing expansion is translated into an independent clause “when you are at church” as an equivalent temporal enhancing expansion. β Pattern β: x α The result of the translation process on the temporal enhancement expansion with the pattern x α based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico- grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 28 03:47 x mulai smp αndang di jolo nami on x since she was a junior middle school, αshe was not with us Clause x : mulai smp On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begin from the translation of the word “smp” as an attribute into the phrase “a junior middle school student” as an equivalent attribute Universitas Sumatera Utara 290 accompanied with the relevant relational process “was” and the relevant carrier “she” to the translation of the word “mulai” as a conjunction into the word “since” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates tha t a dependent clause “mulai” as a temporal enhancing expansion is translated into an independent clause “since she was a junior middle school student” as an equivalent temporal enhancing expansion. Clause α: ndang di jolo nami on On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begin from the translation of the word “ndang” as a negation into the word “not” as an equivalent negation accompanied with a relevant relational process, then to the translatio n of the noun substitute “on” as a carrier into the word “dia” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “di jolo nami” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “ndang di jolo nami on” as a temporal enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “she was not with us” as an equivalent temporal enhanced expansion. Universitas Sumatera Utara 291 5.1.3.3 Translating Conditional Enhancement 5.1.3.3.1 Paratactic Conditional Enhancement 1 Pattern 1: x1 2 The result of the translation process on the paratactic conditional enhancement expansion with the pattern x1 2 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 193 03:45 1alai dibagasan ni parjoloma hamuna mangalului harajaon ni Debata, x2baru ma annon pasahaton nama angka ondeng 1firstly in this case you seek for the kingdom of God, x2then god gives many blessings soon Clause x1: alai dibagasan ni parjoloma hamuna mangalului harajaon ni Debata On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “mangalului” as a material process into the phrasal word “seek for” as an Universitas Sumatera Utara 292 equivalent material process, then to the translation of the pronoun “hamu” as an actor into the pronoun “you” as an equivalent actor, after wards to the translation of the noun phrase “harajaon ni Debata” as a goal into the noun phrase “the kingdom of God” as an equivalent goal, after that to the translation of the prepositional phrase “di bagasan ni” as a spatial circumstance into the prep ositional phrase “in this case” as a spatial circumstance, and arrives at the translation of word “parjolo” as a conjunction to the word “firstly” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “alai dibagasan ni parjoloma hamuna mangalului harajaon ni Debata” as a conditional enhancing expansion is translated into an independent clause “firstly in this case you seek for the kingdom of God” as an equivalent conditional enhancing expansion. Clause 2: baru ma annon pasahaton na ma angka ondeng On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “pasahaton” as a mental process into the word “gives” as an equivalent mental process, then to the translation of the noun substitute “na” as a senser into the word “God” as an Universitas Sumatera Utara 293 equivalent senser, after wards to the translation of the noun phrase “angka ondeng” as a phenomenon into the noun phrase “many blessing” as an equivalent phenomenon, and arrive at the translat ion of word “baru ma” as a conjunction into the word “then” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “baru ma annon pasahaton nama angka ondeng” as a conditional enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “then God gives many blessings soon” as an equivalent conditional enhanced expansion.

5.1.3.3.2 Hypotactic Conditional Enhancement 1 Pattern: α x

The result of the translation process on the hypotactic conditional enhancement expansion with the pattern based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and. Data 74 01:07 αanggo angka hamoraon ido, anggo angka arta i, mangihut doi sian pudi, x asalma dos roha muna tentang keluarga muna αall the wealth and property come soon after, x if your hearts about your family are the same Clause α: Universitas Sumatera Utara 294 anggo angka hamoraon ido, anggo angka arta i Clause x : mangihut doi sian pudi On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “mangihut” as a maerial process into the word “come” as an equivalent material process, then to the translation o f the noun phrase “angka hamoraon ido, anggo angka arta i” as an actor into the phrase “all the wealth and properties” as an equivalent actor, then to the translation of of the verb “mangihut” as a material process into the verb “come” as an equivalent material process, and arrives at the translation of the prepositional phrase “sian pudi” as a temporal circumstance into the prepositional phrase “soon after” as an equivalent temporal circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “anggo angka hamoraon ido, anggo angka arta i mangihut doi sian pudi” as a conditional enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “the Universitas Sumatera Utara 295 wealth and properties come soon after” as an equivalent conditional enhanced expansion. Clause x : asalma dos roha muna tentang keluarga muna On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “dos” as an attribute into the phrase “the same” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with a relevant relational process “are”, then to the translation of the phrase “roha muna tentang keluarga muna” as a carrier into the phrase “your hearts about your family” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of word “asal” as a conjunction into the word “if” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “asalma dos roha muna tentang keluarga muna ” as a conditional enhancing expansion is translated into a dependent clause “if your hearts about your family are the same” as an equivalent conditional enhancing. β Pattern β: x α The result of the translation process on the conditional enhancement ex pansion with the pattern x α based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico- Universitas Sumatera Utara 296 grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 31 03:58 Clause: x atik adong na hurang da, αleon hatorangan x if something is wrong, αgive an explanation Clause x : atik adong na hurang da On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins fr om the translation of the word “hurang” as an attribute into the word “wrong” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with a relevant relational process “is”, then to the translation of the noun substitute “adong” as a carrier into the noun substitute “something” as an equivalent carrier,, and arrives at the translation of word “atik” as a conjunction into the word “if” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “atik adong na hurang da” as a conditional enhancing expansion is translated into a dependent clause “if something is wrong” as an equivalent conditional enhancing expansion. Clause α: Universitas Sumatera Utara 297 leon hatorangan On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “leon” as a verbal process into the word “give” as an equivalent verbal process to the translation of the noun “hatorangan” as a verbiage into the phrase “an explanation” as an equivalent verbiage. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “leon hatorangan” as an enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “give an explanation” as an equivalent enhanced expansion. γ Pattern γ: x α1 +αβ The result of the translation process on the conditional enhancement expansion with the pattern x α1 +αβ based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 171 03:59Clause: x molo nga dompak hamu tu Tuhanta α1manang aha pe diula hamu, αβmanang ahape dipingkiri hamu Universitas Sumatera Utara 298 x if you are near god, α1what ever you do, αβwhat ever you plan Clause x : molo nga dompak hamu Tuhanta On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “dompak” as an attribute into the word “near” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with a relevant relational process “are”, then to the translation of the pronoun “hamu” as a carrier into the pronoun “you” as an equivalent carrier, after wards to the translation of the noun phrase “tu Tuhan” as a spatial circumstance into the prepositional phrase “to God” as an equivalent spatial circumstance, and arrives at the translation of the word “molo” as a conjunction into the word “if” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “molo nga dompak hamu tu Tuhanta” as a conditional enhancing expansion is translated into a dependent clause “if you are near to God” as an equivalent conditional enhancing expansion. Clause2: manang aha pe diula hamu Universitas Sumatera Utara 299 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “diula” as a material process into the word “do” as an equivalent material process, then to the translation of the pronoun “hamu” as an actor to the pronoun “you” as an equivalent actor, and arrive to the translation of the noun substitute “manang aha” as a goal into the noun substitute “whatever” as an equivalent goal. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “manang aha pe diula hamu” as an enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “whatever you do” as an equivalent enhanced expansion. Clause 3: manang ahape dipingkiri hamu On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “dipingkiri” as a mental process into the word “plan” as an equivalent mental process, then to the translation of the pronoun “hamu” as an senser to the pronoun “you” as an Universitas Sumatera Utara 300 equivalent senser, and arrives to the translation of the noun substitute “manang aha” as a phenomenon into the noun substitute “whatever” as an equivalent phenomenon. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “manang aha pe dipingkiri hamu” as an enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “whatever you plan” as an equivalent enhanced expansion. 4 Pattern 4: x 1 + -2 α The result of the translation process on the conditional enhancement expansion with the pattern x 1 + -2 α based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 109 08:08 Clause: x 1 molo adong ulaon ni angka dongan tubu muna parna, + -2 songon i tarlumobi ulaon ni hula – hula muna manang na didia pe angka sinaga, α tibuma masuhi hamu punguan marga x 1 If your brother of the same sure name parna has a party, + -2 and the party of your brother-in- law is more important αyou join the family organization soon Clause 1: molo adong ulaon ni angka dongan tubu muna parna Universitas Sumatera Utara 301 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “adong” as a relational process into the word “has” as an equivalent relational process accompanied, then to the translation of the noun phrase “ni angka dongan muna parna” as a carrier into the noun phrase “your brother of the same sure name parna” as an equivalent carrier, after that to the translation of word “ulaon” as an attribute into the noun “party” as an equivalent attribute, and arrives at the translation of the word “molo” as a conjunction into the word “if” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “molo adong ulaon ni angka dongan tubu muna parna” as a conditional enhancing expansion is translated into a dependent clause “If your brother of the same sure name parna has a party” as an equivalent conditional enhancing expansion. Clause 2: songon i tarlumobi ulaon ni hula – hula muna Universitas Sumatera Utara 302 manang na didia pe angka sinaga On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “tarlumobi” as an attribute into the word “more important” as an attribute accompanied with a relevant relational process “is”, then to the translation of the noun phrase “ulaon ni hula- hula muna manang na didia pe angka sinaga” as the carrier into the noun phrase “the party of your brother-in-law sinaga anywhere” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the word “songoni” as a connector into the word “and as an equivalent connector. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “songon i tarlumobi ulaon ni hula – hula muna manang na didia pe angka sinaga” as a conditional enhancing expansion is translated into a dependent clause “and the party of you brother-in- law sinaga anywhere is more important” as an equivalent conditional enhancing expansion. Clause α: Universitas Sumatera Utara 303 tibuma masuhi hamu punguan marga On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “masuhi” as a behavioral process into the word “join” as an equivalent behavioral process, then to the translation of the pronoun “hamu” as a behaver into the word “you” as an equivalent behaver, after wards to the translation of the noun phrase “punguan marga” as a verbiage into the noun phrase “family organization” as an equivalent verbiage, and arrives at the translation of word “tibu” as a temporal circumstance into the word “soon” as an equivalent temporal circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “tibuma masuhi hamu punguan marga” as an enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “you join the family organization soon” as an equivalent enhanced expansion. 5.1.3.4 Translating Causal Enhancement 5.1.3.4.1 Paratactic Causal Enhancement 1 Pattern: 1 x2 The result of the translation process on the paratactic causal enhancement expansion with the pattern 1 x2 based on the Bottom-up translation approach Universitas Sumatera Utara 304 indicates that there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico- grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 139 23:09 Clause: 1ima patuduhon las ni roha nami, x2di naung pajonjongkon pardongan saripeon hamuna 1it shows the happiness of our hearts x2you have got a family Clause 1: ima patuduhon las ni roha nami On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “patuduhon” as a relational process into the word “shows” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the translation of the noun substitute “it” as a carrier into the noun substitute “it” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “las ni roha nami” as the attribute into the phrase “the happiness of our hearts” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “ima patuduhon las ni roha nami” as an enhanced expansion clause is translated into an Universitas Sumatera Utara 305 indepe ndent clause “it shows the happiness of our hearts” as an equivalent enhanced expansion clause. Clause x2: di naung pajonjongkon pardongan saripeon hamuna On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb phrase “naung pajongjongkon” as a relational process into the verb phase “have got” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the translation of the pronoun “hamu” as a carrier into the pronoun “you” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the compound noun “pardongan saripeon” as the attribute into the noun “family” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independ ent clause “di naung pajonjongkon pardongan saripeon hamuna” as a causal enhancement expansion clause is translated into an independent clause “you have got a family” as an equivalent causal enhancement expansion clause. 2 Pattern 3: x1 2 The result of the translation process on the causal enhancement expansion with the pattern x1 2 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that Universitas Sumatera Utara 306 there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 100 03:03 x1pasahatonnami ma ulos 8 naganjang on 2asa ganjang ma barita nauli, barita horas di hamuna keluarga sidabutar tu joloan ni arion x1 we are going to deliver this long ulos 8 , 2so the good news is long Clause x1: pasahatonnami ma ulos 8 naganjang on On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “pasahaton” as a material process into the verb “are going to deliver” as an equivalent material process, after that to the translation of the pronoun “nami” as an actor into the pronoun “we” as an equivalent actor, and arrives at the translation of the noun phrase “ulos 8 naganjang on” as the goal into the phrase “this long ulos” as an equivalent goal. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “pasahatonnami ma ulos naganjang on” as a causal enhancing expansion is translated into an independent clause “we are going to deliver this long ulos” as an equivalent causal enhancing expansion clause. Universitas Sumatera Utara 307 Clause 2: asa ganjang ma barita nauli barita horas Clause: di hamuna keluarga sidabutar tu joloan ni arion On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the adjective “ganjang” as an attribute into the adjective “long” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with a relevant relational process “is”, after that to the translation of th e noun phrase “barita nauli” as a carrier into the noun phrase “ the good news” as an equivalent carrier, after wards to the translation of the prepositional phrase “di keluarga ni sidabutar” as a spatial circumstance into the prepositional phrase “with you the sidabutar‟s as an equivalent spatial circumstance, next to the translation of the prepositional phrase “tu joloan ni ari on” as a temporal circumstance into the prepositional phrase as an equivalent temporal circumstance, and arrives at the translati on of the word “asa” as the conjunction Universitas Sumatera Utara 308 into the word “so” as an equivalent conjunction . On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “asa ganjang ma barita nauli barita horas di hamu keluarga ni si dabutar tu joloan ni ari on” as an enhanced expansion clause is translated into an independent clause “so the good news is long with you the sidabutar‟s in the next days” as an equivalent enhanced expansion clause. 3 Pattern 3: x1 +2 3 The result of the translation process on the causal enhancement expansion with the pattern x1+2 3 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 401:12 x1dang ala ni gogon ta i, 2manang ala ni ulaon ta, 3boi mardalan ulaon i x1it is not the cause of our strength,2or it is not the cause of our work, 3the party can run Clause 1: dang ala ni gogon ta i On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “dang” as a Universitas Sumatera Utara 309 negation into the word “not” as an equivalent negation accompanied with a relevant relatio nal process “is”, after that to the translation of the pronoun “i” as a carrier into the pronoun “it” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the noun phrase “ala ni gogon ta” as the attribute into the phrase “the cause of our strength” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “dang ala ni gogon ta i” as a causal enhancing expansion is translated into an independent clause “it is not the cause of our strength” as an equivalent causal enhancing expansion. Clause 2: manang ala ni ulaon ta On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the noun phrase “ala ni ulaon ta” as an attribute into the noun phrase “the cause of our work” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with the elliptic verb phrase “is not” as a relational process and the elliptic pronoun “it” as a carrier to the translation of the word “manang” as a connector into the word “or” as an equivalent connector. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “manang ala ni ulaonta” as a causal enhancing expansion is Universitas Sumatera Utara 310 translated into an independent clause “or it is not the cause of our work” as an equivalent causal enhancing expansion. Clause 3: boi mardalan ulaon i On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the verb phrase “boi mardalan” as a material process into the verb phrase “could begin” as an equiv alent material process to the translation of the noun phrase “ulaon i” as an actor into the noun phrase “the celebration” as an equivalent actor. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “boi mandalan ulaon i” as a causal enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “that celebration could begin” as an equivalent causal enhanced expansion. 4 Pattern 4: 1 +2 x3 4 + 5 The result of the translation process on the paratactic causal enhancement expansion with the pattern 1 +2 x3 4 +5 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the Universitas Sumatera Utara 311 lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 220 03:36 Clause: 1sahat-sahat ni solu ma +2sahat tu bontean, x3pasahaton nami ma ulos 8 on tu hamu bere, 4saluhut na ma hamu gabean +5ihut ma hita tu parhorasan 1the canoe arrives, +2it arrives at the harbor, x3we are going to deliver this ulos 8 to you my niece, 4may all of you have descendents, +5may we be healthier Clause 1: sahat-sahat ni solu ma On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the trans lation of the verb “sahat- sahat” as a material process into the verb “arrives” as an equivalent material process to the translation of the noun “solu” as an actor to the noun phrase “the canoe” as an equivalent actor. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “sahat-sahat ni solu ma” as an enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “the canoe arrives” as an equivalent causal enhanced expansion. Clause +2: Universitas Sumatera Utara 312 sahat tu bontean On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the verb “sahat” as a material process into the word “arrives” as an equivalent material process accompanied with the elliptic actor it to the translation of the prepositional phrase “tu bontean” as a spatial circumstance into the prepositional phrase “at the harbor” as an equivalent spatial circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates tha t an independent clause “sahat tu bontean” as an enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “it arrives at the harbor” as an equivalent enhanced expansion. Clause x3: pasahaton nami ma ulos 8 on tu hamu bere On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “pasahaton” as a material process into the verb phrase “are going to deliver” as an Universitas Sumatera Utara 313 equivalent material process, after that to the translation of the pronoun “nami” as an actor into the pronoun “we” as an equivalent actor, then to the translation of the noun phrase “ulos 8 on” as a goal into the noun phrase “ this ulos 8 ” as an equivalent goal, and arrives at the translation of the prepositional phrase “tu hamu bere” as the receiver into the prepositional phrase “to you my niece” as an equivalent receiver. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “pasahaton nami ma ulos 8 on tu hamu bere” as an enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “We are going to deliver this ulos 8 to you my niece” as an equivalent enhanced expansion. Clause 4: saluhut na ma hamu gabean On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the adjective “gabean” as an attribute into the noun “descendent” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with a relevant r elational process “may have” to the translation of the noun phrase “sude hamu” as a carrier into the word “all of you” as an equivalent carrier. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “saluhut na ma hamu gabean” as an enhanced Universitas Sumatera Utara 314 expansion is translated into an independent clause “may all of you have descendents” as an equivalent enhanced expansion. Clause +5: ihut ma hita tu parhorasan On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the inchoative verb “ihut” as a relational process into the pronoun “hita” as a carrier into the pronoun “we” as an equivalent carrier, and end at the translation of the prepositional phrase “tu parhorasan” as an attribute into the adjective “healthy” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “ihut ma hita tu parhorasan” as a causal enhancement ex pansion clause is translated into an independent clause “may we be healthy” as an equivalent causal enhancement expansion clause.

5.1.3.4.2 Hypotactic Causal Enhancement 1 Pattern: α x

The result of the translation process on the hypotactic causal enhancement expansion with the pattern α x based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico- Universitas Sumatera Utara 315 grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 49 00:30 Clause: αmandok mauliate ma hita tu Tuhanta, x ala nungga saut nasinangkapan ni rohamuna αwe say thanks to our God x because the plan of your hearts has become true Clause α: mandok mauliate ma hita tu Tuhanta On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “mandok” as a verbal process into the verb “say” as an equivalent verbal process, after that to the translation of the pronoun “hita” as a sayer into the pronoun “we” as an equivalent sayer, then to the translation of the noun “mauliate” as a verbiage into the word “thanks” as an equivalent verbiage, and arrives at the translation of the prepositional phrase “tu Tuhan ta” as a recipient into the prepositional “to our God” as an equivalent receiver. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “mandok mauliate ma hita Universitas Sumatera Utara 316 tu Tuhan ta” as an enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “we say thanks to our God” as an equivalent enhanced expansion. Clause x : ala nungga saut nasinangkapan ni rohamuna On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “nungga” as a relational process into the word “has become” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the translation of the noun phrase “nasinangkapan ni roha muna” as a carrier into the noun phrase “ your heart desire” as an equivalent carrier, the to the translation of the adjective “saut” as an attribute into an adjective “true” as an equivalent attribute, and arrives at the translation of the word “ala” as the conjunction into the word “because” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “ala nungga saut nasinangkapan ni rohamuna” as a causal enhancing expansion is translated into a dependent clause “because your hearts desire has become true” as an equivalent causal enhancing expansion. β Pattern β: xα The result of the translation process on the causal enhancement expansion with the pattern xα based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that Universitas Sumatera Utara 317 there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 22 03:09 xαjadi ido umbaen napinatipis hami ito da lae da xα it is the reason why we thinen it Clause xα: jadi ido umbaen On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “jadi” as a relational process into the verb be “is” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the translati on of the pronoun “ido” as a carrier into the pronoun “it” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the noun “umbaen” as the attribute into the noun “reason” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the transl ation process indicates that an independent clause “jadi ido umbaen” as a causal enhancing expansion clause is translated into an independent clause “it is the reason” as an equivalent causal enhancing expansion. Clause : umbaen napinatipis hami ito da lae da Universitas Sumatera Utara 318 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “napinatipis” as a material process into the verb “thinen” as an equivalent material process accompanied with a relevant goal “it”, after that to the translation of the pronoun “hami” as an actor into the pronoun “we” as an equivalent actor, and arrives at the translation of the word “umbaen” as the conjunction into the word “why” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “umbaen napinatipis hami ito da lae da” as an enhanced expansion is translated into a dependent clause “why we thinen it” as an equivalent causal enhancement expansion. 5.1.3.5 Translating Concessive Enhancement 5.1.3.5.1 Hypotactic Concessive Enhancement 1 Pattern 1: x α The result of the translation process on the concessive enhancement expansion with the pattern x α based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico- grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Universitas Sumatera Utara 319 Data 15124:35 x antong tung songo nipe tipis dohot hapal ni ulos 8 on αlas ma roha ni badanmuna x although the tickness and the thinness of this ulos 8 are so, αmay your heart be happy Clause α: antong tung songo nipe tipis dohot hapal ni ulos 8 on On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the adjective “songoni” as an attribute into the adjective “so” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with a relevant relational process “are”, and arrives at the translation of the word “tung” as the conjunction into the word “although‟ as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “antong tung songon nipe tipis dohot hapal ni ulos 8 on” as an concessive enhancing expansion is translated into an independent clause “although the thickness and the thinness of this ulos 8 are so” as an equivalent concessive enhancing expansion. Universitas Sumatera Utara 320 Clause α: las ma roha ni badanmuna On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the adjective “las” as an attribute into the adjective “happy” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with the relevant relational process “may be” to the translation of the noun phrase “roha ni badan muna” as a carrier into the noun phrase “your heart” as an equivalent carrier. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “las ma roha ni badanmuna” as an enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “may your heart be happy” as an equivalent enhanced expansion. β Pattern β: x α The result of the translation process on the concessive enhancement expansion with the pattern x α based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico- grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 17 02:45 Clause: Universitas Sumatera Utara 321 x songon napinangidoni ibotongku, αdang adong dijual ulos napinusaan 11 x as requested by my sister-in-law, αno napinunsaan 11 is sold Clause x : songon napinangido ni ibotongku On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the past participle “napinangido” as a verbal process into the past participle “requested” as an equivalent verbal process, after that to the translation of the phrase “ni ibotong ku” as a sayer into the phrase “by my sister-in-law” as an equivalent sayer, and arrives at the translation of the word “songon” as the conjunction into the word “as” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a depend ent clause “songon napinangidoni ibotongku” as a concessive enhancing expansion is translated into a dependent clause “as requested by my sister-in-law” as an equivalent concessive enhancing expansion. Clause 2: dang adong dijual ulos napinusaan 11 Universitas Sumatera Utara 322 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the verb phrase “dang adong dijual” as a material process into the verb phrase “ no... is sold” as an equivalent material proces s to the translation of the noun “napinunsaan 11 ” as a goal into the noun “napinunsaan 11 ” as an equivalent goal. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “dang adong dijual ulos napinusaan 11 ” as an enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “no napinsuaan 11 is sold” as an equivalent enhancement expansion. 5.1.3.6 Translating Manner Enhancement 5.1.3.6.1 Hypotactic Manner Enhancement 1 Pattern 1: α x The result of the translation process on the hypotactic manner enhancement expansion with the pattern α x based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST. Data 36 04:19 Universitas Sumatera Utara 323 α ndang hea iboto x mangalompa αshe never knows x how to cook Clause α: dang hea iboto On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the verb “iboto” as a mental process into the verb “knows” as an equivalent mental process accompanied with a relevant senser to the translation of the adverb phrase “dang hea” as a frequency circumstance into the word “never” as an equivalent frequency circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “dang hea iboto” as an enhanced expansion is translated into an independent clause “she never knows” as an equivalent enhanced expansion. Clause x : mangalompa Universitas Sumatera Utara 324 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it is the translation of the verb “cook” as a material process into the verb “to cook” as an equivalent mental process accompanied with the word “how” as a conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “mangalompa” as a manner enhancing expansion is translated into a dependent clause “how to cook” as an equivalent manner enhancing expansion. β Pattern β: x α The result of the translation process on the hypotactic manner enhancement expansion with the pattern x α based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 102 03:17 Clause: x songon rambu ni ulos 8 on ma torop ni pinompar muna tu joloan ni arion αpasupasuon ni Tuhanta Namartua Debata x as the fringles of this ulos 8 is the number of your descendents in the future day αblessed by our god the almighty Clause x : songon rambu ni ulos 8 on ma torop ni pinompar muna tu joloan ni arion songon rambu ni ulos 8 on ma Universitas Sumatera Utara 325 torop ni pinompar muna tu joloan ni arion On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the noun phrase “rambu ni ulos 8 on ma” as an attribute into the noun phrase “the fringes of his ulos 8 ” as an equivalent attribute accompanied by a relevant relational process “is”, after that to the translation of the noun phrase “torop ni pinompar muna” as a carrier into the noun phrase “the number of your descendents” as an equivalent carrier, afterward s the translation of the prepositional phrase “tu joloan ni ari on” as the temporal circumstance into the prepositional phrase “in the future day” as an equivalent temporal circumstance, and arrives at the translation of the word “songon” as a conjunction into the word “as” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “songon rambu ni ulos 8 on ma torop ni pinompar muna tu joloan ni arion” as a manner enhancing expansion is t ranslated into a dependent clause “as the Universitas Sumatera Utara 326 fringles of of this ulos 8 is the number of your descendents in the future day” as an equivalent manner enhancing expansion. Clause α: pasupasuon ni Tuhanta Namartua Debata On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the verb “pasupasuon” as a mental process into the verb “blessed” as an equivalent mental process to the translation of the phrase “ni Tuhanta Namartua Debata” as a senser into the by phrase “by our God the Almighty” as an equivalent senser. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “pasupasuon ni Tuhanta Namartua Debata” as an enhanced expans ion is translated into an independent clause “blessed by our God the Almighty” as an equivalent enhanced expansion. 5.2 Translating Projections 5.2.1. Translating Locution

5.2.1.1 Paratactic Locution 1 Translating Pattern 1: 1 “β

Universitas Sumatera Utara 327 The result of the translation process on the paratactic locution projection with the pattern 1“β based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 40 04:51 1saonnari dohonon nami ma ulos pansamot 9 di laenami dohot ibotonami di son, “β passamot 1 angka nauli nadenggan ma on di keluarga ni laengku ibotongku 1now I am saying the ulos pansamot 9 to my brother and sister-in- laws here, “β this pansamot 3 is all the good and the kind for the family of my brother and sister- in-laws Projecting Clause Translation Process: saonnari dohonon nami ma ulos pansamot 9 di lae nami dohot ibotonami di son On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “dohonon” Universitas Sumatera Utara 328 as a verbal process into the phrase “am saying” as an equivalent verbal process, after that to the tra nslation of the word “nami” as a sayer into the word “I” as an equivalent sayer, next to the translation of the phrase “the ulos pansamot 9 ” which is maintained to remain the same for it is an untranslatable cultural term, afterwards to the translation of t he word “saonnari” as a temporal circumstance into the word “now” as an equivalent temporal circumstance, then to the translation of the phrase “di laemi dohot ibotonami di sini” as a receiver into the phrase “to my brother and sister-in-laws here” as an equivalent receiver, and it arrives at the translation of the phrase “di son” as a spatial circumstance into the phrase “in here” as an equivalent spatial circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “saonnari dohonon nami ma ulos pansamot 9 di laemi dohot ibotonami di son” as a projecting clause is translated into an independent clause “Now I am saying the ulos pansamot 9 to my brother and sister-in- laws here” as an equivalent projecting clause. Projected Clause Translation Process: passamot angka nauli nadenggan ma on di keluarga ni laengku ibotongku Universitas Sumatera Utara 329 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that the translation departs from the translation of the word “ma” as a relational process into the word “is” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the translation of the words “passamot 1 ” and “on” as the carrier into the phrase “this passamot 1 ” as an equivalent carrier, next to the tr anslation of the phrase “angka nauli nadenggan” as an attribute into the phrase “the good and the kind” as an equivalent attribute, and departs at the translation of the phrase “di keluarga ni laengku ibotongku” as a spatial circumstance into the phrase “for the family of brother and sister-in-laws” as an equivalent spatial circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “passamot angka nauli nadenggan ma on di keluarga ni laengku ibotongku ” as a projected clause is translated into an independent clause “This pansamot 3 is all the good and the kind for the family of my brother and sister-in- laws” as an equivalent projected clause. β Translating Pattern β: 1 “β…n The result of the translation process on the paratactic locution projection with the pattern 1 “β…n based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Universitas Sumatera Utara 330 Data 214 03:02 1asa dapot ma songon nidokkon ni umpasa, “βgiring-giring ma gossa-gossa, 3hatop ma hamu mangiring-iring, 4maropa-oppa 1may it becomes as said by the umpasa, “βthe bell is the bell, γsoon you look after and 4carry your children Projecting Clause Translation Process: asa dapot ma songon nidokkon ni umpasa On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “nidokkon” as a verbal process into the word “said” as an equivalent verbal process, after that to the translation of the phrase “ni umpasa” as a sayer into the phrase “by the umpasa” as an equivalent sayer, next to the translation of the phrase “asa dapot” as a relational process into the phrase “ may become” as the relational process. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the clause complex “asa dapot ma songon nidokkon ni umpasa” as a projecting clause is transla ted into the same structure of clause complex “may it becomes as said by the umpasa” as an equivalent projecting clause. Projected Clause Translation Process: giring-giring ma gossa-gossa Universitas Sumatera Utara 331 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that the translation departs from the translation of the word “ma” as a relational process into the word “is” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the translation of the word “giring-giring” as the carrier into th e phrase “the bell” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the word “gossa-gossa” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “giring- giring ma gossa- gossa” as the first projected clause in the pattern is translated into the first independent clause “the bell is the bell” as the first projected clause. Projected Clause: hatop ma hamu mangiring-iring On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that the translation departs from the translation of the word “mangiring-iring” as a material process into the phrasal verb “look after” as an equivalent materia l process, after that to the translation of the word “hamu” as the actor into the word “you” as an equivalent actor, and arrives at the translation Universitas Sumatera Utara 332 of the word “hatop” as a temporal circumstance into the word “soon” as an equivalent temporal circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “hatop ma hamu mangiring- iring” as the second projected clause in the pattern is translated into the second independent clause “soon you look after” as the second projected clause. Projected Clause: maropa-oppa On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that the word “maropa-opa” as a material process is translated into the phrase “and carry your children” as an equivalent material process accompanied by the phrase “your children” as the goal. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “maropa-oppa” as the last projected clause in the pattern is translated into the last independent clause “and carry your children”. γ Translating Pattern γ: “1 β The result of the translation process on the paratactic locution projection with the pattern “1 β based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Universitas Sumatera Utara 333 Data 2103:05 “1boanongku do i tu ulaon adat, βninna lae. “1I will bring the ulos pansamot 9 to a traditional party, 2my brother-in-law says. Projected Clause: boanonku do i tu ulaon adat On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “boanon” as a material process into the phrase “will bring” as a phrase with an equivalent material process, after that to the translation of the word “ku” as an actor into the word “I” as an equivalent actor, next to the translation of the word “i” as a goal into the phrase “the ulos pansamot 9 ” as the goal, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “tu ulaon adat” into the phrase “a traditional party” as an equivalent spatial circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates th at the clause “boanonku do i tu ulaon adat.” as a projected clause is translated into the clause “I will bring the ulos pansamot 9 to a traditional party” as an equivalent projected clause. Projected Clause: ninna lae Universitas Sumatera Utara 334 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “ninna” as a verbal process into the word “says” as a phrase with an equivalent material process, and arrives at the translation of the word “lae” as an actor into the phrase “my brother-in-law” as an equivalent actor. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the clause “ninna lae” as a projected clause is translated into the clause “my brother-in-law says” as an equivalent projected clause.

5.2.1.2 Hypotactic Locution 1 Translating Pattern 1: α “

The result of the translation process on the hypotactic locution projection with the pattern α “ based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 53 01:01 αmandok mauliate ma hita tu Tuhanta, “ ala nungga dioloi sangkap ni rohamuna i.” α we say thanks to our God, “ since the hope of your hearts is accepted” Projecting Clause: Universitas Sumatera Utara 335 mandok mauliatema hita tu Tuhanta On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “mandok” as a verbal process into the word “say” as a verbal process, then to the translation of the word “hita” as a sayer into the word “we” as an equivalent sayer, after that to the translation of the word “mauliate” as a verbiage and arrives at the tran slation of the phrase “tu Tuhanta” as receiver into the phrase “to our God” as an equivalent receiver. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the clause “mandok mauliatema hita tu Tuhanta” a projected clause is tran slated into the clause “we say thanks to our God” as an equivalent projected clause. Projected Clause: ala nungga dioloi sangkap ni rohamunai On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the phrase “nungga dioloi” as a mental process into the phrase “has been accepted” as a mental Universitas Sumatera Utara 336 process, then to the trans lation of the phrase “sangkap ni roha muna i” as a phenomenon into the phrase “the hope of your heart” as an equivalent phenomenon, and arrive at the translation of the word “ala” as a conjunction into the word “because” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the clause “ala nungga dioloi sangkap ni rohamunai” a projected clause is translated into the clause “because the hope of your hearts has been accepted” as an equivalent projected clause. β Translating Pattern β: “α1 αβ The result of the translation process on the paratactic locution projection with the pattern “α1 αβ based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 34 04:14 α1ndang iboto on mangalompa, “αβsungkun nion helangkon α1she dosn‟t know cooking, “αβask my son-in-law here Projected Clause: ndang iboto on On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the phrase “dang Universitas Sumatera Utara 337 iboto” as a mental process into the phrase “doesn‟t know” as a mental process, then to th e translation of the word “on” as a senser, and arrives at the translation of the word “mangalompa” as a phenomenon into the word “cooking” as an equivalent phenomenon. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the fir st projected clause “ndang iboto on mangalompa” is translated into the clause “she doesn‟t know cooking” as the first equivalent projected clause. Projected Clause sungkun nion helangkon On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “sungkun” as a verbal process into the word “ask” as a verbal process, then to the translation of the phrase “nion helang kon” as a verbiage into the phrase “my son-in-law here” as an equivalent target. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the second projected clause “sungkun nion helangkon” is translated into the clause “ask my son-in-law here” as the second equivalent projected clause. Universitas Sumatera Utara 338 γ Translating Pattern β: ”x α1 αβ The result of the translation process on the hypotactic locution projection with the pattern ”x α1 αβ based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence on the level of the lexico- grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 39 04:32 Clause: ”x hira mangajari roha da ito da, α1denggan ajari lao margareja, αβido holan ido sidohonongku tu ibotongku tu laengku ido da ito da lae da ”x as you teach your hearth, α1teach her well to go to church αβI say that only to my sister-in-law and to my brother-in-law Projecting Clause: hira mangajari roha da ito da On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “mangajari” as a mental process into the word “teach” as an equivalent mental process, then to the translation o f the word “ito” as a senser into the word “you” as an equivalent senser, afterwards to the translation of the word “roha” as a Universitas Sumatera Utara 339 phenomenon into the word “heart” as an equivalent phenomenon, and departs at the translation of the word “hira” as a conjunction to the word “as” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the second projected clause “hira mangajari roha da ito” as the first clause of the two clauses of the projecting clause is translated into the clause “as you teach your heart” as the first equivalent projected clause of the two clauses of a projecting clause. Projecting Clause: denggan ajari On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above in dicates that it departs from the translation of the word “ajari” as a mental process into the word “teach” as an equivalent mental process and to the translation of the word “denggan” as a manner circumstance into the word “well” as an equivalent manner circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the second clause of the two clauses in the projecting clause “denggan ajari” is translated into an equivalent second clause of the two clauses of the projecting cl ause “teach well”. Projected Clause: lao margareja Universitas Sumatera Utara 340 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “lao” as a material process into the word “to go” as an equivalent material process and to the translation of the word “magareja” as a circumstance into the phrase “to church” as an equivalent circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projected clause “lao margareja” is translated into the clause “to church” as an equivalent projected clause. Projecting Clause: ido holan ido sidohonong ku tu ibotong ku tu laeng ku ido da ito da lae da On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word Universitas Sumatera Utara 341 “sidohonong” as a verbal process into the word “ask” as a verbal process, then to the translation of the word “ku” as a sayer into the word “I” as an equivalent sayer, after that to t he translation of the phrase “ido holan ido” as averbiage into the phrase “that only” as an equivalent verbiage and arrives at the translation of the phrase “tu ibotong ku tu laeng ku da ito da lae da” as the receiver into the phrase “to my sister and brother-in-law” as an equivalent receiver. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the second projected clause “ido holan ido sidohonong ku tu ibotong ku tu laeng ku ido da ito da lae da” is translated into the clause “I say that only to my sister and brother-in-law” as the second equivalent projected clause. 4 Translating Pattern γ: “α = The result of the translation process on the hypotactic locution projection with the pattern “α = based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 186 01:17 nanaeng sidohonon nami ditingkion ima, “αingot hamuma hata pasu-pasu = nanijalomuna sian bagas gareja what we are going to say at this moment is, “αremember the words of blessing = which you have receive from church Projecting Clause 1: nanaeng sidohonon nami ditingkion ima head: as a dependent projecting clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 342 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “ima” as a relational process of the independent clause into the word “is” as an equivalent a relational process of the independent clause, then to the translation of the word “na” as the relative pronoun into the word “what” as the relative pronoun, after that to the translation of th e phrase “naeng sidohonon” as a verbal process of the dependent clause into the phrase “are going to say” as an equivalent verbal process of the dependent clause, then to the translation of the word “nami” as the sayer of the dependent clause into the word “we” as an equivalent sayer of the dependent clause and arrives at the translation of the phrase “di tingki on” as a temporal circumstance of the dependent clause to the phrase “at this moment” as an equivalent temporal circumstance of the dependent clause. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projecting clause “nanaeng sidohonon nami ditingkion ima” as a projecting clause is translated into the clause “what we are going to say at this moment is” as an equivalent projecting clause. Projected Clause 2: ingot hamuma hata pasu- pasu modifier: “αas an independent locution projected clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 343 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it starts from the translation of the word “ingot” as a mental process into the word “ask” as an equivalent mental process to the translation of the phrase “hata pasupasu” as the phenomenon into the phrase “the word of blessing” as an equivalent phenomenon. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the independent projected clause “ingot hamu ma hata pasupasu” as an independent projected clause into “remember the words of blessing” as an equivalent independent word of blessing. Projected Clause 3: nanijalomuna sian bagas gareja On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “nijalo” as a mental process into the phrase “have received” as a mental process, then to the translation of the word “muna” as a senser into the word “you” as an equivalent senser, afterwards to the translation of the phrase “sian bagas gereja” as a spatial Universitas Sumatera Utara 344 circumstance into the phrase “from church” as an equivalent spatial circumstance, and departs at the translation of the word “na” as a relative pronoun into the word “which” an equivalent relative pronoun. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the clause “nanijalomuna sian bagas gareja” as a projected dependent clause is translated into the clause “which you receive from church” as an equivalent projected clause. 5.2.2 Translating Idea 5.2.2.1 Paratactic Idea 1 Translating Pattern: 1 „β The result of the translation process on the paratactic idea projection with the pattern 1 “β based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 6 01:28 1martangiangma hita, “βasa anggiat gabe keluarga namarbahagia nasida 1let us pray, “βso that they may become a happy family Projecting Clause: martangiangma hita Universitas Sumatera Utara 345 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “martangiang” as a verbal process into the phrase “ let pray” as an equivalent verbal process to the translation of the word “hita” as a senser into the word “us” as an equivalent senser. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projecting clause “martangiang ma hita” as a projecting clause “let us pray”. Projected Clause: asa anggiat gabe keluarga namarbahagia nasida On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the phrase “anggiat gabe” as a relational process into the phrase “may become” as a relational process, then to the translation of the word “nasida” as a carrier, afterwards to the translation of the phrase “keluarga namarbahagia” as an attribute into the phrase “a happy family” as an equivalent attribute, and arrives to the translation of the conjunction “asa” into the conjunction “so”. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projected clause “asa anggiat gabe keluarga namarbahagia nasida” is translated into the clause “So that they may become a happy family. ” as the equivalent projected clause. Universitas Sumatera Utara 346

5.2.2.2 Hypotactic Idea 1 Translating Pattern 1: α „

The result of the translation process on the hypotactic idea projection with the pattern α „ based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 9 01:5.5 αmartangiang hita tu Debata, „ asa dipasaut sude angka nasinangkapan ni rohanta αllet us pray to our God, „ so that all the hope of our heart is blessed Projecting Clause: martangiang hita tu Debata head: α as an independent projecting clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “martangiang” as a mental process into the word “pray” as an equivalent mental process, then to the translation of the word “hita” as a senser, and ends at the translation of the phrase “tu Tuhanta” as the circumstance into the phrase “to our God” as an equivalent circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the second projecting clause “martangiang hita tu Universitas Sumatera Utara 347 Debata” is translated into the clause “let us pray to our God” as an equivalent projecting clause. Projected Clause: asa dipasaut sude angka nasinangkapan ni rohanta On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “dipasaut” as a mental process into the phrased “is blessed” as an equivalent mental process, then to the translation of the phrase “sude angka nasinangkapan ni rohanta” as a phenomenon into the phrase “all the hope of our heart” as an equivalent phenomenon, and arrives at the translation the conjunction “asa” into an equivalent conjunction “so”. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projected clause “asa dipasaut sude angka nasinangkapan ni rohanta” is translated into the projected clause “so that all the hope o f our heart is blessed”. β Translating Pattern β: α 1 + β + γ The result of the translation process on the hypotactic idea projection with the pattern α 1 + β + γ based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates Universitas Sumatera Utara 348 that there is a translation equivalence on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 3 00:41 Clause: αmauliate ma parjolo tapasahat tu Amanta Debata Jahoba, 1siala di bagasan sadarion di ho do da naung manjalo pasu - pasu parbagasan boru nami βima parumaen mu γdohot di anak mu imada helanami αlet us extend thanks to our Father God the Almighty, „ 1because this day you have received the marriage blessing of our daughter, β your daughter-in-law γ and of your son, our son-in-law Projecting Clause: mauliate ma parjolo tapasahat tu Amanta Debata Jahoba On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the phrase “pasahat” as a mental process into the phrase “let...extend” as a mental process, then to the translation of t he word “ta” as a senser into the word “us” as an equivalent senser, after that to the translation of “mauliate” as a phenomenon into “thanks” as an equivalent phenomenon, and arrive to the translation of “tu Amanta Debata Universitas Sumatera Utara 349 Jahoba” as a receiver into the phrase “to our Father God the Almighty” as an equivalent receiver. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projecting clause “mauliate ma parjolo tapasahat tu Amanta Debata Jahoba” is translated into the clause “let us extend thanks to our Father God the Almighty ” as the equivalent projecting clause. Projected Clause: siala dibagasan sadarion di ho do da naung manjalo pasu-pasu parbagasan boru nami ima parumaen mu dohot di anak mu imada helanami Universitas Sumatera Utara 350 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the phrase “naung manjalo” as a mental process into the phrase “have received” as an equivalent mental process, then to the tran slation of the phrase “di ho do da” as a senser into the phrase “you” as an equivalent senser, after that to the translation of the phrase “pasupasu parbagasan boru nami ima parumaen mu dohot di anak mu imada helanami” as a phenomenon into the phrase “the marriage blessing of our daughter, your daughter-in-law and of your son, our son-in- law.” as an equivalent phenomenon, afterwards to the translation of the phrase “di bagasan sadari on” as a temporal circumstance into the phrase “this day” as an equivalent temporal circumstance, and arrives at the translation the conjunction “siala” into an equivalent conjunction “because”. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the first projected clause “sail di bagasse sadarion di ho do da naung manjalo pasu- pasu parbagasan boru nami ima parumaen mu dohot di anak mu imada helanami” is translated into the clause “because this day you have received the marriage blessing of our daughter, your daughter-in-law and of your son, our son-in- law.” as the equivalent projected clause. Universitas Sumatera Utara 351 γ Translating Pattern γ: „α The result of the translation process on the hypotactic idea projection with the pattern „α based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is translation equivalence on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 160 03:00 Clause: sian na ta parsinta nasaleleng on, „αna ingkon jumolo ma nian siangkangan asa sianggian as we hope ever since, „αthe elder will get married at first than the younger will Projecting Clause: sian natarpasinta nasaleleng on On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “parsinta” as a mental process into the word “hope” as an equivalent mental process, then to the translation of the word “ta” as a senser into the word “we” as an equivalent senser, after that to the translation of the phrase “nasaleleng on” as a temporal circumstance into the phrase “ever since” as an equivalent temporal circumstance, and arrive at the translation the word “sian” as a conjunction into the word “as” as Universitas Sumatera Utara 352 an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projecting clause “sian na ta parsinta nasaleleng on” is translated into the clause “as we hope ever since” as the equivalent projecting clause. Projected Clause: na ingkon jomolo ma nian siangkangan asa sianggian On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the phrase “na ingkon jumolo” as a behavioral process into the phrase “will get married” as an equivalent behavioral process, then to the translation of the noun phrase “siangkangan asa sianggian” as an a behaver into the noun phrase “the elder before the younger” as an equivalent behaver. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projected clause “na ingkon jumolo ma nian siangkangan asa sianggian” is translated into an equivalent projected clause “the elder before the younger will get married”. Universitas Sumatera Utara 353 5.2.3 Translating Idea: Proposition 5.2.3.1 Translating Paratactic Idea: Proposition 1 Transl ating Pattern 1: 1 ‟β The result of the translation process on the paratactic idea proposition projection with the pattern 1 ‟β based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence on the level of the lexico- grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 77 01:32 1pos roha muna, „βsai diramoti ma hamu di parkarejoan muna 1your heart believes, „βmay you be protected at your work.” Projecting Clause: pos roha muna On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “pos” as a mental process into the word “believe” as an equivalent mental process and to the translation of the p hrase “roha muna” as a senser into the phrase “your heart” as Universitas Sumatera Utara 354 an equivalent senser. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projecting clause “pos roha muna” is translated into the equivalent projecting clause “your heart believes”. Projected Clause: sai diramoti ma hamu di parkarejoan muna On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the phrase “sai diramoti” as a mental process into the phrase “may...be protected” as a mental process, then to the translation of the word “hamu” as a senser into the word “you” as an equivalent senser, and arrives at the translation di parkarejoan muna” as a spatial circumstance into the ph rase “ at your work” as an equivalent spatial circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projected clause “sai diramoti ma hamu di parkarejoan muna” is translated into the equivalent projected clause “may you be protected at your work”. β Translating Pattern β: „1 β The result of the translation process on the paratactic idea proposition projection with the pattern „1 β based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence on the level of the lexico- Universitas Sumatera Utara 355 grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 87 02:13 „1burju-burju ma ho tu simatuam on, 2pos rohangku „1be kind to your parent-in-laws, 2my heart believes Projected Clause: burju-burju ma ho tu simatuamu on On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “burju- burju” as an attribute into the phrase “be kind” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with a relational process, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “tu simatua mu on” as a circumstance into the phrase “to your parents-in-laws” as an equivalent circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projected clause “burju-burju ma ho tu simatuamu on” is translated into the equivalent projected clause “be kind to your parent-in-laws”. Projecting Clause: post rohangku Universitas Sumatera Utara 356 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it starts from the translation of the word “pos” as a mental process into the word “believe” as a mental process and to the translation of the phrase “rohang ku” as a senser into the phrase “my heart” as an equivalent senser. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projecting clause “pos rohangku” is translated into the clause “my heart believes” as the equivalent projecting clause.

5.2.3.2 Hypotactic Idea proposition 1 Translating Pattern 1: α „ =

The result of the translation process on the hypotactic idea proposition projection with the pattern α „ = based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence on the level of the lexico- grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data 120 09:04 αmartangiang hita tu Tuhanta „ asa dioloi Tuhanta sude angka = nahutangiangkoni saluhutna αwe pray to our God, „ may God bless all those = which I have prayed Projecting Clause: Universitas Sumatera Utara 357 martangiang hita tu Tuhanta On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “martangiang” as a mental process into the word “pray” as an equivalent mental process, then to the translation of the word “hita” as a senser into the word ”we” as an equivalent senser, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “tu Tuhan ta” as the circumstance into the phrase “to our God” as an equivalent circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projected clause “martangiang hita tu Tuhanta” as a projecting clause is translated into the clause “we pray to our God” as the equivalent projecting clause. Projected Clause: asa dioloi Tuhanta sude modifier: „ as a dependentidea proposition projected clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “dioloi” as Universitas Sumatera Utara 358 a mental process into the phrase “may bless” as an equivalent mental process, then to the translatio n of the phrase “Tuhan ta” as a senser into the phrase “our God” as an equivalent senser and arrives at the translation of the word “sude” as a phenomenon into the word “all” as an equivalent “phenomenon”. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projected clause “asa dioloi Tuhanta sude” is translated into the clause “may God bless all” as the equivalent projected clause. Projected Clause: angka nahutangiangkon i saluhutna On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “tangiangkon” as a mental process into the word “have prayed” as a mental process, then to the translation of the word “hu” as a senser into the word “I” as an equivalent senser, then to the translation of the phrase angka...i saluhutna” as a phenomenon into the phrase “all of those” as an equivalent phenomenon, and arrives at the translation of the word “na” as a relative pronoun into the word “which” as an equivalent relative pronoun. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projected clause “angka nahutangiangkon Universitas Sumatera Utara 359 i saluhutna” is translated into the clause “all of those which I have prayed” as the equivalent projected clause. β Translating Pattern β: „ α The result of the translation process on the hypotactic idea proposition projection with the pattern „ α based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence on the level of the lexico- grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical function between the ST and TT. Data : 19 02:56 „ ulos-ulos 10 mu songon ulos 8 ni anakmu siampudani do αhubaen „ your ulos 5 is like the ulos 8 of your youngest son, αI decide Projected Clause: ulos-ulos 10 mu songon ulos 8 ni anakmu siampudan i do On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “songon” as a relational process into the word “is” as a relational process, then to the translation of the phrase “ulos-ulos 10 mu” as a carrier into the phrase “your ulos 8 ” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the phrase “ ulos 8 ni anak Universitas Sumatera Utara 360 mu siampudan i do” as an attribute into the phrase “ as the ulos 8 of your youngest son” as an equivalent carrier. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the second projected clause “ulos-ulos 10 mu songon ulos 8 ni anakmu siampudan i do” as a projected clause is translated into the clause “your ulos 8 is as the ulos 8 of your youngest son” as the equivalent projected clause. Projecting Clause: hu baen On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that i t starts from the translation of the word “baen” as a mental process into the word “decide” as a mental process and to the translation of the word “hu” as a senser into the word “I” as an equivalent senser. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that the projecting clause “hu baen” is translated into the clause “I decide” as the equivalent projecting clause. Universitas Sumatera Utara 361 CHAPTER VI DATA ANALYSIS ON TRANSLATING COMPLEX MIXED PATTERNS OF LOGICAL MEANINGS OF TBWS 6.1 Translating Complex Mixed Elaboration Head Pattern 1 Pattern 1: 1 =x2 3 The result of the translation process on the mixed pattern between a paratactic commentary elaboration and a paratactic causal enhancement with the pattern 1 =x2 3 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical functions between the ST and TT. Data 33 04:10 1nion boruku on, =x2naburjo do on, 3mura do ajaranmu on 1this is my daughter, =x2she is kind, 3you can teach her easily Clause 1: nion borukon On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the introductory noun Universitas Sumatera Utara 362 substitute “nion” as an attribute into the noun substitute “this” as an equivalent attribute accomp anied with a relevant relational process “is” to the translation of the noun phrase “borung ku” as a carrier into the noun phrase “my daughter” as an equivalent carrier. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an ind ependent clause “1nion borungkon” as a commented and elaborated expansion is translated into an independent clause “1this is my daughter” as an equivalent commented elaborated expansion. Clause 2: naburjo do on On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “do” as a relational process into the verb be “is” as an equivalent relational process, then to the translation of the adjective “burju” as an attribute into the adjective “kind” as an attribute, and arrives at the translation of the noun substitute “on” as a carrier into the pronoun “she” as an equivalent carrier. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates tha t an independent clause “βna burju do on” as an elaborating expansion commenting clause1 and causally enhancing clause γ is translated into an independent clause “she is kind” as an equivalent as an elaborating expansion commenting clause1 and causally enhancing clause 3. Universitas Sumatera Utara 363 Clause 3: mura do ajaranmu on modifier: x3 as an independent causal elaboration On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “ajaran” as a mental process into the verb “teach” as an equivalent mental process, after that to the translation of the “mu” as a senser into the verb “you” as an equivalent senser , then to the translation of the noun substitute “on” as phenomenon into the “dia” as an equivalent phenomenon, and arrives at the translation of the adverb of manner “mura” as manner circumstance into the adverb of manner “easily” as an equivalent manner circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indic ates that an independent clause =γmura do ajaranmu on” as an elaborating expansion commenting 1 as well as causally enhanced by 2 is translated into an independent clause “you can teach her easily” as an equivalent elaborating expansion commenting 1 as well as causally enhanced by 2 β Pattern β: α1= xαβ The result of the translation process on the mixed pattern between a hypotactic commentary elaboration with a hypotactic causal enhancement with the pattern α1= xαβ based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that Universitas Sumatera Utara 364 there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical functions between the ST and TT. Data 26 03:43 α1ndang iboto = mambuat ulaonna, xαβholan ibotona do mangula saleleng on α1she doesn‟t know = how to do her task, xαβonly her eldest brother works ever since Clause α1 = : ndang iboto mambuat ulaonna head: 1 as an independent clause ndang iboto On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it is the translation of the verb phrase “dang iboto” as a mental process into the “doesn‟t know” as an equivalent mental process accompanied with a relevant senser “she” and conjunction “how”. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “ndang iboto” as a elaborated expansion is translated into an independent clause “she doesn‟t know” as an equivalent elaborated expansion. Universitas Sumatera Utara 365 mambuat ulaonna On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the verb “mambuat” as a material process into the verb “do” as an equivalent material process accompanied with a relevant relative prono un “how” to the translation of the noun phrase “ulaonna” as a goal into the noun phrase “her task” as an equivalent goal. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “mambuat ulaonna” as an elaborating expansion commenting 1 is translated into a dependent clause “how to do her task” as an equivalent elaborated expansion commenting 1. Clause 2: holan ibotona do mangula saleleng on modifier: x2 as an independent causal enhancement clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “mangula” as a material process into the verb “works” as an equivalent material process, after Universitas Sumatera Utara 366 that to the trans lation of the noun phrase “holan iboto na” as an actor into the noun phrase “only her eldest brother” as an equivalent actor, and arrives at the translation of the noun phrase “saleleng on” as temporal circumstance into the noun phrase “ever since” as an equivalent temporal circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “holan ibotona do mangula saleleng on” as a causal expansion enhancing α1= is translated to an independent clause “only her eldest brother works ever since” as a causal expansion enhancing α1 = . γ Pattern β: xα1 =αβ The result of the translation process on the with a with the mixed pattern between the paratactic commentary elaboration expansion and the hypotactic causal enhancement expansion with the pattern x α1 =αβ based on the Bottom- up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical functions between the ST and TT. Data: 158 02:38 αnungga di son hami pungu saluhutna, boru ni hula-hulanta sinaga, amangborum, namborum, paribanmu, =αdonganta boru nga di son, ima mangkalashon pesta pamasumasuon muna di bagasan sadarion α1we, all the daughter taking for marriage relatives of our father-in-laws, your uncles, your aunts and your nieces are gathering here, =αβour relatives of the same sure name with our wives are here for celebrating your wedding party Universitas Sumatera Utara 367 Clause α1 : nungga di son hami pungu saluhutna boru ni hula-hulanta sinaga, amangborum, namborum, paribanmu head: α1 as an independent clause nungga di son hami pungu saluluhut na boru ni hula-hulatta sinaga amangborum, namborum, paribanmu On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb phrase “nungga pungu” as a material process into the verb phrase “are gathering” as an equivalent material process, after that to the translation of the pronoun “hamu” as an actor into the pronoun “we” as an equivalent actor followed by the translation Universitas Sumatera Utara 368 of the noun phrase additive “saluhutna boru ni hula-hulan ta sinaga, amangborum, namborum, pariban mu” as an actor additive into the noun phrase additive “all the daughter taking for marriage relatives of our father-in-laws, your uncles, your aunts, and your nieces” as an equivalent actor additive, and arrives at the translation of the prepositional phrase “di son” as a spatial circumstance into the adverb “here” as an equivalent spatial circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause αnungga di son hami pungu saluhutna boru ni hula-hulanta sinaga, amangborum, namborum, paribanmu” as an elaborated expansion enhancing is translated into an independent clause α1we, all the daughter taking for marriage relatives of our father-in- laws, your uncles, your aunts, and your nieces are gathering here” as an equivalent elaborated expansion enhancing causally. Clau se = αβ: donganta boru nga di son modifier: =αβ as an independent restatement elaboration On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the word “nga” as a relatio nal process into the verb be “are” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the translation of the noun phrase “donganta boru” as a carrier into the Universitas Sumatera Utara 369 noun phrase “our relative of the same sure name with our wives” as an equivalent carrier, and arr ives at the translation of the prepositional phrase “di son” as a spatial circumstance into the adverb “here” as an equivalent spatial circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “=αβdonganta boru nga di son” as a commenting elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “=αβ our relatives of the same sure name with our wives are here” as an equivalent commenting elaboration expansion commenting causally. Clause : ima mangkalashon pesta pamasumasuon muna di bagasan sadarion modifier: = as a dependent specification elaboration ima mangkalashon pesta pamasumasuon muna di bagasan sadarion On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the verb phrase “ima mangkalashon” as a mental process into the verb phrase “for celebrating” as an Universitas Sumatera Utara 370 equivalent mental proc ess to the translation of the noun phrase “pesta pamasumasuon muna” as a phenomenon into the noun phrase “your wedding party” as an equivalent phenomenon. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “ ima mangkalashon pesta pamasumasuon muna di bagasan sadarion” as a causally enhanced expansion by α = α is translated into a dependent clause “ for celebrating your wedding party within this day” as an equivalent causally enhanced expansion by α and = α. 4 Pattern 4: xα1 x αβ The result of the translation process on the mixed between the hypotactic causal enhancement expansion and the hypotactic commentary elaboration expansion with the pattern xα1 x αβ based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical functions between the ST and TT. Data: 175 04:21 xα1sai dalan ni tanging nami ma tu Tuhanta, x tu angka tingki nanaeng ro, αβasa anggiat lao gabe lao mamora hamu xα1may this be the way of our prayer to our god x in the time which will come αβso you may become rich Clause α1: sai dalan ni tangiang nami ma tu Tuhanta modifier: xα1 as an independent causal enhancement clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 371 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the word “sai” as a relational process into the verb be “may be” as an equivalent relational process accompanied with the relevant noun substitute “this” as the carrier to the translation of the noun phrase “dalan ni tangiang nami ma tu Tuhan” as the attribute into the noun phrase “the way of our prayer to God” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “α1sai dalan ni tangiang nami ma tu Tuhanta” as an expansion causally enhancing αβ and x is translated into an independent clause “xα1may this be the way of our prayer to our god” as an equivalent expansion casually enhancing αβ and x . Clause x : tu angka tingki nanaeng ro modifier: x as a dependent specification elaboration clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 372 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the verb phrase “naeng ro” as a material process into the verb phrase “will come” as an equivalent material process, then to the translation of the prepositional phrase “tu angka tingki” as an actor into the prepositional phrase “in the time” as an equivalent actor, and arrives at the translation of the word “na” as the relative pronoun into the word “which” as an equivalent relative pronoun. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates th at a dependent clause “x tu angka tingki nanaeng ro” as a expansion temporally enhancing αβ is translated into a dependent clause “x in the time which will come” as an equivalent expansion temporally enhancing αβ. Clause αβ: asa anggiat lao gabe lao mamora hamu head: αβ as an independent clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the inchoative verb “anggiat gabe” as a relational process into the inchoative verb “may become” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the translation of the pronoun “hamu” as a carrier into the pronoun “you” as an equivalent carrier , then to the translation of the adjective “mamora” as an attribute into the adjective “rich” as an Universitas Sumatera Utara 373 equivalent attribute, and arrives at the translation of the word “asa” as a conjunction into the word “so” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “αβasa anggiat lao gabe lao mamora hamu” as a expansion temporarily enhanced by is translated into an independent clause “so you may become rich” as an equivalent expansion temporarily enhanced by . 5 Pattern γ: [α1 =αβ] x[xαγ = α4 +α5] The result of the translation process on a specification elaboration which is causally enhanced by another specification elaboration and extension “and” in a pattern [α1 =αβ] x[xαγ = α4 +α5] based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical functions between the ST and TT. Data: 200 05:00 α1sahat-sahat ni solu =αβsahat tu bontean ni tiga ras, αγnungga saonnari taulahon ulaon = angka nauli nadenggan hombar tu angka habatakkonta, α4sai leleng ma hita mangolu, +α5tontong ma antong dipasu-pasu Tuhan α1the canoe arrives, =αβit arrives at the harbor of tiga ras, αγnow we are giving this party, = which is beautiful and good according to our culture, α4may we live very long, +α5we are always blessed by god Clause α1: sahat- sahat ni solu modifier β: α1 as an independent clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 374 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it be gins from the translation of the verb “sahat- sahat” as a material process into the verb “arrives” as an equivalent material process to the translation of the noun phrase “ni solu” as an actor into the noun phrase “the canoe” as an equivalent actor. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “α1sahat-sahat ni solu” as a specified elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “α1the canoe arrives” as an equivalent specified elaboration expansion. Clause =αβ: sahat tu bontean ni tiga ras modifier γ: αβ as an independent specification elaboration clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translatio n of the verb “sahat” as a material process into the verb “arrives” as an equivalent material process accompanied with a relevant elliptic actor “it” to the translation of the Universitas Sumatera Utara 375 prepositional phrase “di bontean ni tiga ras” as an attribute into the prepositional phrase “at the harbor of Tiga Ras” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “=αβsahat tu bontean ni tiga ras” as a specifying elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “=αβit arrives at the harbor of tiga ras” as an equivalent specifying elaboration expansion. Clause xαγ: nungga saonnari taulahon ulaon modifier 4: αγ as an independent causal enhancement clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “nunnga...ulahon” as a material process into the verb “are giving” as an equivalent material process accompanied with a relevant auxiliary v erb be “are”, after that to the translation of the pronoun “ta” as an actor into the pronoun “we” as an equivalent actor , then to the translation of the noun “ulaon” as a goal into the noun phrase “the party” as an equivalent goal, and arrives at the translation of the adverb “saonnari” as the temporal circumstance into the adverb “now” as an equivalent temporal circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “αγnungga saonnari Universitas Sumatera Utara 376 taulahon ul aon” as an elaborated expansion is translated into an independent clause “αγnow we are giving this party” as an equivalent elaborated expansion. Clause = : angka nauli nadenggan hombar tu angka Habatakkonta modifier 5: “ as a dependent clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process indicates that it departs from the translation of the adjectives “nauli...nadenggan” as the attribute into the adjectives “beautiful...good” as the equivalent attribute, after that t o the translation of the relative words “na... na” as a relative pronoun into the words “which” as an equivalent relative pronoun accompanied with a relevant relational process “is”, and arrives at the translation of the prepositional phrase “hombar tu habatakkon ta” as a manner circumstance into the prepositional phrase “according to our culture” as an equivalent manner circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “= angka nauli nadenggan hombar tu angka Habatakkonta” as a specifying elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “= which is beautiful and which is good according to our culture” as an equivalent specifying elaboration expansion. Universitas Sumatera Utara 377 Clause α4: sai leleng ma hita mangolu head : “α4 as an independent head clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb phrase “sai...mangolu” as a behavioral process into the verb phrase “may...live” as an equivalent behavioral process, after that to the translation of the pronoun “hita” as a behaver into the pronoun “we” as an equivalent behaver, and arrives at the translation of the adverb “leleng” as a temporal circumstance into the adverb phrase “very long” as an equivalent temporal circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “α4sai leleng ma hita mangolu” as an extended expansion is translated into an ind ependent clause “α4may we live very long” as an equivalent extended expansion. Clause +α5: tontong ma antong dipasu- pasu Tuhan modifier 1: “α5 as an independent causal enhancement clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 378 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “dipasupasu” as a mental process into the verb “blessed” as an equivalent mental process accompanied with a relevant phenomenon “we”, and arrive at the translation of the noun “Tuhan” as a senser into the noun phrase “by God” as an equivalent senser. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “+α5tontong ma antong dipasu-pasu Tuhan” as a extending expansion is trans lated into an independent clause “+α5we are always blessed by god” as an equivalent extending expansion. 6 Pattern γ: [α1] =[αβ x = ] The result of the translation process on the mixed of restatement elaboration expansion, causal enhancement expansi on with the pattern [α] =[α x = ] based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical functions between the ST and TT. Data: 204 05:36 α1jadi las ma rohanta da, αβlasma roham boru manjalo ulos 8 = nanaeng sipasahaton nami on Universitas Sumatera Utara 379 α1be happy our hearts, αβbe happy your hearts my daughter, to receive this ulos 8 , = which we are going to deliver Clause α: jadi las ma rohanta d a head: α1 as an independent clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the adjective “las” as an attribute into the adjective “happy” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with a relevant relational process “be” to the translation of the noun phrase “roha ta” as a carrier into the noun phrase “our hearts” as an equivalent carrier. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “α1jadi las ma rohanta da” as exemplified elaborated expansion is translated into an independent clause “α1be happy our hearts” as an equivalent exemplified elaborated expansion. Clause =α: lasma roham boru modifier 1: =αβ as an independent restatement elaboration clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 380 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process indicates that it departs from the translation of the adjective “las” as an attribute into the adjective “happy” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with a relevant relational process “be”, after that to the translation of the noun phrase “roham” as a carrier into the noun phrase “your heart” as an equivalent carrier , and arrives at the translation of the noun phrase “boru” as a vocative into the noun phrase “my daughter” as an equivalent vocative. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “αβlas ma roham boru” as a exemplifying elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “αβbe happy your heart, my daughter” as an equivalent exemplifying elaboration expansion. Clause x : manjalo ulos 8 modifier β: x as a dependent causal enhancement clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “manjalo” Universitas Sumatera Utara 381 as a material process into the verb “to receive” as an equivalent material process to the translation of the noun “ulos 8 ” as a goal into the noun phrase “this ulos 8 ” as an equivalent goal. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “ manjual ulos 8 ” as an specified elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “ to receive this ulos 8 ” as an equivalent specified elaboration expansion. Clause = : nanaeng sipasahaton nami on modifier γ: = as a dependent description elaboration clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb phrase “naeng...sipasahaton” as a material process into the verb phrase “are going to deliver” as an equivalent material process, after that to the translation of the pronoun “nami” as an actor into the pronoun “we” as an equivalent actor, and arrives at the translation of the word “na” as a relative pronoun into the word “which” as an equivalent relative pronoun. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “= na naeng sipasahaton nami on” as a specifying elaboration expansion is translated into an independent Universitas Sumatera Utara 382 clause “= which we are going to deliver” as an equivalent specifying elaboration expansion.

6.2 Translating Complex Mixed Extension Head Pattern 1

Pattern 1: α1 +αβ = The result of the translation process on the extension “and” expansion and commentary elaboration expansion a with the pattern α1 + αβ = based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical functions between the ST and TT. Data: 232 01:47 Clause: α1 tubuan anak ma hamu bere αβtubuan boru = leleng rap saur matua α1 may you have sons αβand may have daughters = to live equally long elderly Clause 1: tubuan anak ma hamu bere head: α1 as an independent clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “tubuan” as a relational process into the verb phrase “may have” as an equivalent relational Universitas Sumatera Utara 383 process, after that to the translation of the pronoun “hamu” as a carrier into the pronoun “you” as an equivalent carrier, and arrives at the translation of the noun “anak” as an attribute into the noun “sons” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “α1tubuan anak ma hamu bere” as an extended expansion is translated into an in dependent clause “α1may you have descendents” as an equivalent extended expansion. Clause 2: tubuan boru modifier 1: +αβ as an independent extension “and” clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above ind icates that it departs from the translation of the verb “tubuan” as a relational process into the verb “may have” as an equivalent relational process to the translation of the noun “boru” as an attribute into the noun “daughters” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “αβ tubuan boru” as an extending “and” expansion is translated into an independent clause “αβ may you have daughters” as an equivalent extending “and” expansion. Clause 3: leleng rap saur matua modifier 2: as a dependent temporal enhancement clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 384 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it is the translation of the noun phrase “leleng rap s aur matua” as a temporal circumstance into the noun phrase “equally long elderly” as an equivalent temporal circumstance accompanied with a relevant elliptic behavioral process “to live”. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process ind icates that a dependent clause “= leleng rap mangolu” as a commenting elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “= to live equally long elderly” as an equivalent a commenting elaboration expansion. 2 Pattern 2: [1 +2] x[x3 4 +5] The result of the translation process on the extension “and” expansion, causal enhancement expansion and another extension “and” expansion with a with the pattern [1 +2] x[x3 4 +5] based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico- grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical functions between the ST and TT. Data: 134 22:31 Clause: 1di son di las ni rohanta, +2di las ni rohamuna 3ima napajonjongkon pardongan saripeon hamu nangkin 4nungga borhat hamu, +5nungga borhat hita tu bagas Universitas Sumatera Utara 385 joro ni Tuhanta 1the happiness of our heart is in here +2the hapiness of your heart is here 3you have built a family just now 4you have gone +5we have gone to church of our god Clause 1: di son di las ni rohanta head: 1 as an independent clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins f rom the translation of the noun phrase “di las ni rohan ta” as a carrier into the noun phrase “the happines of our heart” as an equivalent carrier accompanied with a relevant relational process “is” to the translation of the prepositional phrase “di son” as an attribute into the prepositional phrase “in here” as an equivalent attribute. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “1di son di las ni rohanta” as an extended “and” expansion is translated into an independent clause “1the happiness of our heart is in here” as an equivalent extended “and” expansion. Clause 2: di las ni rohamu na modifier: +β as an indipendent extension “and” clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 386 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it is the translation of the prepositional phrase “di las ni roha muna” as a carrier into the noun phrase “the happiness of your heart” as an equivalent carrier accompanied with the elliptic relevant relationa l process “is” and the elliptic relevant , after circumstance “in here”. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an elliptic independent clause “+βdi las ni rohamu na” as an extending “and” expansion is translated into an independent clause “+βthe happiness of your heart is here” as an equivalent elliptic extending “and” expansion. Clause 3: ima napajonjongkon pardongan saripeon hamu nangkin modifier: x3 a causal enhancement On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “napajongjongkon” as a material process into the verb “built” as an equivalent material process, after that to the translation of the pronoun “hamu” as an actor Universitas Sumatera Utara 387 into the pronoun “you” as an equivalent actor, then to the translation of the compound noun “pardongan saripeon” as a goal into the noun phrase “a family ” as an equivalent goal, and arrives at the translation of the adverb “nangkin” as a temporal circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “γima napajonjongkon pardongan saripeon hamu nangkin” as an enhancing causal expansion is translated into an independent clause “γyou have built a family just now” as an equivalent enhancing causal expansion. Clause 4: nungga borhat hamu modifier: 4 as an independent clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the verb phrase “nungga borhat” as a material process into the verb phrase “have gone” as an equivalent material process to the translation of the pronoun “hamu” as an actor into the pronoun “you” as an equivalent actor. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “4nungga borhat hamu” as an extended “and” expansion is translated into an independent clause “4you have gone” as an equivalent extended “and” expansion. Clause 5: Universitas Sumatera Utara 388 nungga borhat hita tu bagas joro ni Tuhanta modifier: +5 as an independent extension “and” On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb phrase “nungga borhat” as a material process into the verb phrase “have gone” as an equivalent material process, after that to the translation of the pronoun “hita” as an actor into the pronoun “we” as an equivalent actor, and arrives at the translation of the prepositio nal phrase “tu bagas joro ni Tuhan ta” as a spatial circumstance into the prepositional phrase “to church of our God” as an equivalent spatial circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clau se “+5nungga borhat hita tu bagas joro ni Tuhanta” as a enhancing causal expansion is translated into an independent clause “+5we have gone to church of our god” as an equivalent enhancing causal expansion. γ Pattern γ: α1 +αβ x The result of the tran slation process on the extension “and” expansion and manner enhancement expansion with the pattern α1 +αβ x based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 389 logical functions between the ST and TT. Data: 231 01:44 Clause: α1tubuan anak maho αβtubuan boru x songon rondang ni bunga-bunga α1may you have sons αβmay you have daughters x as the flower blooms Clause 1: tubuan anak ma ho head: α1 as an independent clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “tubuan” as a relational process into the verb “have” as an equivalent material process accompanied with a relevant modal auxiliary “may”, after that to the translation of the pronoun “ho” as a carrier into the pronoun “you” as an equivalent actor, and arrives at the translation of the noun “anak” as an actor into the noun “goal” as an equivalent goal. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “α1tubuan anak ma ho” as an extended expansion is translated into an independent clause “α1may you have son” as an equivalent extended expansion. Clause 2: Universitas Sumatera Utara 390 tubuan boru modifier 1: +αβ as an independent extension “and” clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the verb “tubuan” as a material process into the verb “have” as an equivalent material process accompanied with a relevant modal auxiliary verb “may” and the elliptic actor “you” to the translation of the noun “boru” as a goal into the noun “daughters” as an equivalent goal. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “αβtubuan boru” as an extending “and” expansion is translated into an independent clause “αβmay you have daughters” as an equivalent extending “and” expansion. Clause 3: songon rondang ni bunga- bunga? modifier β: x as a dependent manner enhancement clause. On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “rondang” Universitas Sumatera Utara 391 as a behavioral process into the verb “blooms” as an equivalent behavioral process, after that to the translation of the noun “bunga-bunga” as a behaver into the noun phrase “the flower” as an equivalent behaver, and arrives at the translation of the word “songon” as the conjunction into the word “so” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “x songon rondang ni bunga-bunga” as a enhancing manner expansion is translated into an independent clause “x as the flower blooms” as an equivalent enhancing manner expansion. 4 Pattern 4: [α1 +αβ x ] x[αγ =α4 The result of the translation process on the extension “and” expansion, manner enhancement expansion, and another extension “and” expansion with a with the pattern α1 + αβ x x αγ =α4 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical functions between the ST and TT. Data: 199 04:51 α1lomak silunjuang 6 αβlomak x sonibaboan, αγtung tu dia hamu mangalangka hela dohot ho boru, = α 4tusi ma tontong dapotan pangomoan α1silunjuang 6 is fertilized, αβit is fertilized x without weeding it, αγwhere ever you go, =α4there you always get luck Clause 1: lomak silunjuang 6 modifier 1: α1 as an independent clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 392 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the adjective “lomak” as an attribute into the adjective “fertilized” as an equivalent attribute ac companied with a relevant relational process “and” to the translation of the noun “silunjuang 6 ” as a carrier into the noun “silunjuang 6 ” as an equivalent carrier. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independen t clause “α1lomak silunjuang 6 ” as an extended expansion is translated into an independent clause “α1silunjuang 6 is fertilized” as an equivalent extended expansion. Clause 2: lomak modifier β: αβ as an independent extension clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates it is the translation of the adjective “lomak” as an attribute into the adjective “fertilized” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with the elliptic relational process “is” and the elliptic carrier “it”. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 393 “αβlomak” as an expansion extending α1 is translated into an independent clause “αβsilunjuang 6 is fertilized” as an equivalent expansion extending α1. Clause 3: so nibaboan modifier γ: as an independent concessive clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it is the translation of the gerund phrase “so binaboan” as a material process into the “without weeding” as an equivalent material process accompanied with a pronoun “it” as the goal. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that a dependent clause “x so binaboan” as an enhancing manner expansion for αβ is translated into a dependent clause “without weeding it” as an equivalent enhancing manner expansion for αβ. Clause 4: tung tu dia hamu mangalangka hela dohot ho boru modifier 1: αγ as an independent clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 394 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “mangalangka” as a material process into the verb “go” as an equivalent material process, after that to the translation of the pronoun “hamu” as an actor into the pronoun “you” as an equivalent actor, and arrives at the translation of the noun substitute “tung tu dia” as spatial circumstance into the noun substitute “where ever” as an equivalent spatial circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “αγtung tu dia hamu mangalangka hela dohot ho boru” as an elaborated expansion is translated into an independent clause “αγwhere ever you go” as an equivalent elaborated expansion. Clause 5: tusi ma tontong dapotan pangomoan head 4: α4 as an independent commentary clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “mamdapot” as a relational process into the “get” as an equivalent relational process accompanied with the relevant carrier “you”, after that to the translation of the noun “pangomoan” as an attribute into the noun “luck” as an equivalent Universitas Sumatera Utara 395 attribute , after t hat to the translation of the prepositional phrase “di si” as a spatial circumstance into the adverb “there” as an equivalent spatial circumstance, and arrives at the translation of the adverb of frequency “tontong” as frequency circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “α4tusi ma tontong dapotan pangomoan” as a elaborating expansion commenting αγ is translated into an independent clause “α4there you always have luck” as an equivalent elaborating expansion commenting αγ. 5 Pattern 5: α1 +αβ x αγ x +α4 +α5 + α6 The result of the translation process on the specification elaboration, causal enhancement, and specification elaboration with the pattern α1 +αβ x αγ x +α4 +α5 + α6 based on the Bottom-up translation approach indicates that there is a translation equivalence both on the level of the lexico-grammatical aspects and on the level of the clause logical functions between the ST and TT. Data: 15.5 25:30 α1asa sahat solu +αβsahat tu bontean, αγnungga syukur ulaonta di bagasan sadarion, x dung dipasahat hami ulos 8 tu hamuna, α4di rumatangga muna sahat ma hamu gopas, +α5jala gabean, +α6jala tontong diramoti Tuhan α1the canoe arrives, +αβit arrives at the harbor, αγour party is good today, x after we have delivered the ulos 8 to you, α4may you be healthy in your family, +α5and may you have descendents, α6 and may you be always protected by god Universitas Sumatera Utara 396 Clause 1: asa sahat ni solu modifier 1: α1 as an independent clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the verb “sahat” as a material process into the verb “arrives” as an equivalent material process to the translation of the noun “solu” as an actor into the noun phrase “the canoe” as an equivalent actor. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “α1asa sahat solu” as a specified elaboration expansion is translated into an i ndependent clause “α1the canoe arrives” as an equivalent specified elaboration expansion. Clause 2: sahat tu bontean modifier β: αβ as an independent clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “sahat” as a material process into the verb “arrives” as an equivalent material process accompanied with the elliptic pronoun “it” as an actor, and arrives at the Universitas Sumatera Utara 397 translation of the prepositional phrase “tu bontean” as a spatial circumstance into the prepositional phrase “at the harbor” as an equivalent spatial circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “+αβsahat tu bontean” as a specifying elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “+αβit arrives at the harbor” as an equivalent specifying elaborated expansion. Clause 3: nungga syukur ulaonta di bagasan sadarion modifier γ: αγ as an independent clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “nungga” as a relational process into the verb be “is” as an equivalent relational process, after that to the t ranslation of the noun phrase “ulaon ta” as a carrier into the noun phrase “our party” as an equivalent carrier, then to the translation of the adjective “syukur” as an attribute into the adjective “good” as an equivalent attribute, and arrives at the tran slation of the prepositional phrase “di bagasan sadarion” as the temporal circumstance into the adverb “today” as an equivalent temporal circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “αγnunggan syukur ulaon ta di bagasan Universitas Sumatera Utara 398 sadari on” as an enhanced causal expansion is translated into an independent clause “αγour party is good today” as an equivalent enhanced causal expansion. Clause 4: dung dipasahat hami ulos 8 tu hamu na modifier 4: as a dependent clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb phrase “dung dipasahat” as a material process into the verb phrase “have delivered” as an equivalent material process, after that to the translation of the pronoun “hami” as an actor into the pronoun “we” as an equivalent actor, then to the translation of the noun “ulos 8 ” as a goal into the noun phrase “the ulos 8 ” as an equivalent goal, and a rrives at the translation of the prepositional phrase “tu hamuna” as a recipient into the prepositional phrase “to you” as an equivalent recipient. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “x dung dipasahat hami ulos 8 tu hamuna” as a specifying elaboration expansion is translated into an independent clause “x we have delivered the ulos 8 to you” as an equivalent specifying elaboration expansion. Clause 5: di rumatangga muna sahat ma hamu gopashead : “α4 as an independent clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 399 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “sahat” as a relational process into the verb be “may...be” as an equivalent relational process, then to the translation of the pronoun “hamu” as a carrier into the pronoun “you” as an equivalent carrier, after that to the translation of the adjective “gopas” as an attribute into the adjective “healthy” as an equivalent attribute, and arrives at the translation of the prepositional phrase “di rumatangga muna” as a spatial circumstance into the prepositional phrase “in your family” as an equivalent spatial circumstance. On the level of clause logical function, the translation proces s indicates that an independent clause “α4di rumatangga muna sahat ma hamu gopas” as an extended expansion is translated into an independent clause “α4may you be healthy in your family” as an equivalent extended expansion. Clause 6: jala gabean modifier 5: α5 as an independent clause Universitas Sumatera Utara 400 On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it begins from the translation of the noun “gabean” as a attribute into the noun “descendents” as an equivalent attribute accompanied with a relevant relational process “may...have” and pronoun “you” as the carrier to the translation of the word “jala” as a conjunction into the word “and” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “+α5jala gabean” as a extending “and” expansion is translated into an independent clause “+α5 and may you have descendents” as an equivalent extending “and” expansion. Clause 7: jala tontong diramoti Tuhan modi fier 5: “α6 as an independent clause On the level of the clause lexico-grammatical aspects, the translation process above indicates that it departs from the translation of the verb “diramoti” as a mental process into the verb “protected” as an equivalent mental process accompanied with a relevant phenomenon “you”, after that to the translation of the noun “Tuhan” as a senser into the by phrase “by God” as an equivalent senser, then to the translation of the adverb “tontong” as frequency circumstance, and arrives at the translation of the conjunction “jala” as a conjunction into the conjunction “and” as an equivalent conjunction. On the level of clause logical Universitas Sumatera Utara 401 function, the translation process indicates that an independent clause “α6jala tontong diramoti Tuhan” as a extending “and” expansion is translated into an independent clause “and may you be always protected by god” as an equivalent extending “and” expansion.