Research subject Research Object

95

3.2 Research subject

The research subject meant in this research refers to a specific speech community from which the data of the ST is taken. According to Saville Troike 1986: 17-22, a speech community is a group of people speaking the same language, sharing the same culture, having a native name [family name or sure name], having a social network for contact, having common folklore or history are all largely dependent on having a common mode of communication. The ST as the data of this research is collected from the spoken traditional wedding speeches of the TBP delivered by 15 speakers. The speeches were recorded from a traditional wedding party held in Balige, the capital city of the District of Toba Samosir in December 19 th , 2011. The speeches were transcribed into a written text and functions as the ST in this research. In this research, the ST which is investigated serves as a model of a ST, because it contains a normal number of traditional wedding speeches which must be delivered by the right speakers with their sociocultural relation to the weds and each of their parents. In addition, Balige as the capital city of the district of Toba Samosir is geographically located about in the center of the land of the TBP. Exactly, it is in the center position of four districts, i.e. the district of Tapanuli Utara, the District of Humbang Hasundutan, the District of Toba-Samosir, and the District of Samosir, which are highly dominantly populated by the TBP. Universitas Sumatera Utara 96

3.3 Research Object

According to Botha 1981: 27, the object of a qualitative research is the domain of an object at which an investigation is directed. The object which is investigated in this research is the translation of the patterns of the logical meanings of the ST into TT. Accordingly, the investigation in this research is directed onto the domain of the translation of the patterns of logical meanings of the ST into the TT. These domains include the aspects as in the following: 1 The patterns of the logical meanings in every clause complex of the ST 2 The process of translating each pattern of the logical meanings from the ST into the TT. 3 The pattern of the logical meanings in every clause of the TT 4 The functional equivalence between the ST and TT In this research, the patterns of the logical meanings of the ST and TT are investigated in the domain of expansion and projection Halliday, 1994. The domain of expansion includes elaboration like specification, exemplification, restatement and commentary; extension like with “and”, “or” and “but”; enhancement like spatial, temporal, conditional, causal, concessive, and manner Ibid. 1994. In addition to that the domain of the logical meanings which is investigated in the domain of projection includes locution and idea Ibid. 1994. Further, the domain of the logical meaning is also investigated from the viewpoints of paratactic and hypotactic systems of the clause which represent the pattern of the logical meanings ibid. 1994. Universitas Sumatera Utara 97 The domain of the process of translating each pattern of the logical meaning from the ST into the TT is the activity of the translator in assessing how a specific clause with another specific clause creates a specific logical meaning when they enters into a clause complex Manfredi, 2008: 38. This domain includes the activity of the translator in replacing each of the clauses in each of the clause complexes of the ST into each of the clauses in each of the clause complexes of the TT to represent the similar specific logical meaning Ibid. 2008: 38. This domain includes the problem-solving and decision-making made by the translator in the mode of the translation process he is involving Krings, 1986: 6, Loescher, 1991: 8; Cohen, 1984: 4; Venuti, 1998: 240, Seguinot, 1989. The other domain of the object which is investigated in this research is the pattern of the logical meanings of the TT which are investigated in the domain of expansion such as elaboration like specification, exemplification, restatement and commentary; extension like with “and” or with “but”; enhancement like spatial, temporal, conditional, causal, concessive, and manner Halliday, 1994. In addition to that, the domain of the logical meaning which is investigated also includes projection such as locution and idea Ibid. 1994. Further, the domain of the logical meaning is also investigated from the viewpoints of paratactic and hypotactic systems of the clause which represent the pattern of the logical meanings. The last domain of the object which is investigated in this research is the equivalence between the ST and TT. This domain includes the type of the lexico- Universitas Sumatera Utara 98 grammatical aspects of every clause in every clause complex between the ST and TT Halliday, 1994 and Manfredi, 2008: 21. It also includes the type and the logical meanings and patterns of the logical meanings which are represented by every clause in every clause complex between the ST and TT. In summary, the domains of the translation of the logical meanings of the ST into the TT include four aspects i.e. the patterns of the logical meanings of the ST, the translation process, the pattern of the logical meanings of the TT, and the equivalence between the ST and TT.

3.4 Data and Data Source