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7. Kajian Public Stockholding dalam WTO serta Kebijakan Perdagangan Internasional
Tim Satgas G-33 merekomendasikan isu special safeguard mechanism
SSM dan Public Stockholding PSH sebagai prioritas isu Indonesia selaku
negara berkembang Koordinator G-33. Manfaat SSM bagi Indonesia
adalah untuk menghadapi lonjakan impor yang dapat merugikan petani
disaat sedang meningkatkan kapasitas produksi. Sedangkan manfaat PSH
adalah Indonesia masih diperbolehkan atau diberikan keleluasaan untuk
memberikan subsidi dalam bentuk manajemen stok dan stabilisasi harga pangan
yang selama ini dilakukan melalui kebijakan HPP. PSH dalam ketentuan WTO dibenarkan apabila
pembelian menggunakan harga pasar diklasiikasikan temasuk green box yaitu jenis dukungan yang
tidak berpengaruh terhadap distorsi perdagangan. Namun apabila pembelian menggunakan harga yang
ditetapkan pemerintah atau HPP maka diklasiikasikan masuk dalam amber box yaitu semua dukungan yang
digolongkan dapat mendistorsi perdagangan sehingga harus dikurangi sesuai dengan komitmen.
Potensi PSH Indonesia akan dianggap menjadi distortif bagi perdagangan beras karena ada perbedaan
intepretasi istilah eligible production yang menjadi patokan perhitungan Domestic Subsidy dimana Dispute
Settlement Body WTO mengartikan sebagai bentuk total produksi dan jika ini disahkan maka kebijakan
PSH Indonesia dianggap telah melewati batas yang diijinkan. Sedangkan Indonesia mengartikan eligible
production sebagai procurement purchase, namun hal ini belum disepakati di WTO dan masih harus
diperjuangkan. Memperhatikan potensi Perum BULOG untuk mengelola komoditas Padi, Jagung, dan Kedelai
Pajale, hal ini akan berpotensi memunculkan isu baru di WTO karena komoditas jagung dan kedelai
belum pernah dinotiikasikan ke WTO. Oleh karena itu diharapkan agar dapat dilakukan simulasi perhitungan
de minimis untuk komoditi jagung dan kedelai. 7. Review on Public Stockholding in WTO and
International Trade Policy The G-33 Taskforce team recommended
the issue on special safeguard mechanism SSM and Public Stockholding PSH as the
priority issue of Indonesia as a developing country G-33 Coordinator. The beneit
of SSM for Indonesia is to face a surge in imports that could be detrimental
to farmers while increasing production capacity. While the beneits of Indonesian
PSH remain allowed or given the lexibility to provide subsidies in the form of stock
management and stabilization of food prices that have been done through the
COGS policy. PSH in the WTO provision was justiied if the purchase using the market price classiied as green
box is the type of support that does not affect the trade distortion. However, if the purchase using the price set
by the government or COGS then classiied into the amber box that is all support classiied can distort the
trade so that should be reduced in accordance with the commitment.
The potential of Indonesian PSH will be considered to be distortive for the rice trade because there was
a different interpretation of eligible production terms which is the benchmark of Domestic Subsidy where
the Dispute Settlement Body WTO deines as the total form of production and if this werelegalized the policy
of Indonesian PSH wereconsidered to have exceeded the allowable limit. While Indonesia interpreted eligible
production as a procurement purchase, but this has not been agreed in the WTO and still must be fought. Given
the potential of Perum BULOG to manage Rice, Corn, and Soybean Pajale commodities, this will potentially
lead to new issues in the WTO because corn and soybean commodities have not been notiied to the
WTO. Therefore it was expected that simulation of de minimis calculations for corn and soybean commodities
can be performed.
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Kajian ini bertujuan : i Menganalisa kondisikesiapan UPGB dalam mendukung target pengadaan gabah
beras DN 2016 menggunakan pendekatan analisis 6M Man, Machine, Material, Money, Market
Method; dan ii Mengetahui efektivitas dan eisiensi pengeringan gabah menggunakan tungku sekam,
burner LPG, burner solar sebagai alternatif pengganti burner minyak tanah pada drying center Ex-BUKOPIN.
Sampel Divre ditetapkan berdasarkan kriteria wilayah pengadaan, terdiri dari 9 Divre meliputi: Sumsel,
Lampung, Jabar, Jateng, Jatim, DIY, DKI Banten, NTB, dan Sulselbar. Sedangkan lokasi UPGB ditetapkan
secara purposive berdasarkan pada kriteria UPGB yang sudah direncanakan untuk direvitalisasi menjadi unit
percontohan Pengolahan Paddy to Rice dan Rice to Rice, serta UPGB-UPGB yang memiliki fasilitas dryer berupa
tungku sekam, burner berbahan bakar LPG, dan burner berbahan bakar minyak tanah. Responden kajian
meliputi pelaksana UPGB, mitra kerja penggilingan, dan vendorsupplier burner LPG dan tungku sekam.
Berdasarkan hasil kajian, UPGB masih terkendala dengan aspek 6M yang meliputi bahan baku, pemasaran,
modal, SDM, mesin, dan metode. Apabila setiap kendala diberi nilai skor dengan rentang 1-10, dimana semakin
tinggi nilai semakin besar kendala yang dihadapi, maka kendala terbesar UPGB di sembilan Divre kajian
adalah permasalahan SDM dengan skor 7,15, diikuti pemasaran 7,08, permasalahan mesin 6,92, modal
dan metode masing-masing dinilai 5,00 dan bahan This study aims to: i Analyze the condition readiness
of UPGB in supporting the procurement target of rice seeds DN 2016 using 6M analysis approach Man,
Machine, Material, Money, Market Method; and ii To know the effectiveness and eficiency of grain drying
using husk furnaces, LPG burners, diesel burners as an alternative to kerosene burners at the Ex-BUKOPIN
drying center. The Divre sample is determined based on the criteria of the procurement area, consisting of
9 Divisions covering: South Sumatra, Lampung, West Java, Central Java, East Java, DIY, DKI Banten, NTB,
and Sulselbar. While the location of UPGB is determined purposively based on UPGB criteria that have been
planned to be revitalized into a pilot unit Grain to Rice and Rice to Rice processing, and UPGB-UPGB
which has dryer facility in the form of husk furnace, LPG burner, and kerosene burner . Respondents of the
study included UPGB implementers, milling partners, and supplier supplier of LPG burner and husk furnace.
Based on the results of the study, UPGB is still constrained by 6M aspects which include raw materials, marketing,
capital, human resources, machinery, and methods. If each constraint is scored with a range of 1-10, where
the higher the value the greater the constraint faced, then the biggest obstacle UPGB in the nine Divre study
is the human resource problems with score 7,15, followed by marketing 7.08, Machine 6.92, capital
and method each rated 5.00 and raw materials 4.88.
8. Kajian Analisa Kesiapan UPGB dalam Mendukung Pengadaan Gabah Dalam Negeri Perum BULOG