Presidential Debate Theoretical Description

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4. Presidential Debate

Based on General Election Commission websites, presidential candidate debate is a debate which is conducted once in a five time before the Election Day by the General Election Commission. The first presidential candidate debate was held on 2009. According to the Freely‟s theory 1969, the presidential candidate debate is included in the substantive debate that is parliamentary debate. It is included in parliamentary debate because it has parliamentary procedure and its own constitution. Presidential candidate debate has its own regulations that regulate the debate as a part of the campaign. According to a constitution number 42, article 38 of 2008 debate is a part of the campaign that the candidate did before the Election Day. This article said that the presidential candidate campaign is implemented through debate. Moreover, the article 39 from constitution number 42 regulated the technique of the debate. It is said that the debate is held by General Election Commission in five times and it is broadcasted on national television. The moderator of the debate is chosen by General Election Commission. During and after the debate the candidate, moderator cannot give any comment and conclusion about the material which is told by the candidate. The material of the debate is about the national vision which is written in UUD 1945 . The cost of the debate is charged to expenditure budget and state expenditures. 18

B. Theoretical Framework

In order to conduct the research, the researcher should look for some theories which are appropriately used for the research. These theories support her in solving the problem formulation. This section will be divided into two parts. Each of the part provides explanation about the contribution of the theories in answering the research problem. Firstly, this research focuses on code-mixing, which occur in a presidential candidate debate. In order to know the nature of the presidential candidate debate, the researcher used information from the General Election Commission. According to the constitution, the debates held for five times with different themes. Consequently, the researcher took all of the debates to take the data. Since the focus of the debate was only for the presidential candidate debate 2014, the researcher only focused on the five debates of presidential candidate debate 2014. Since all data were taken from the videos, the researcher took the data based on the way participants pronounced the words. Secondly, to recognize the concept of code-mixing, the researcher used the theory from Singh 1985 in Romaine‟s work 1995 states that code-mixing refers to intra-sentential code-switching. To solve the research problem about types of code-mixing, the researcher combines the theories from Muysken 2000 about the types of code-mixing to solve the problem. There are three types of code-mixing; alternation, insertion, and congruent lexicalization. Alternation is the types of code-mixing where the mixing happened between clauses in one