Methods and Materials Optimization of the Acid Catalyst Concentration for Synthesis of Anti‐Cancer Agent Gamavuton‐0 by Using Mathematical and Statistical Software

470 Reclassification as well as raster calculator tool deals with the different aspects of evaluation indices. Analytic Hierarchy Process: This process will be employed for the criteria weighting. Analytic ierarchy Process is a multi‐criteria mathematical evaluation method used for decision making. ere, hierarchical structures are used to quantify relative priorities for a given set of elements on a ratio scale set by the user. A simple flowchart for the methodology is shown in Figure 2 below. Geophysical data, that includes the subsidence volume, land subsidence velocity and groundwater exploitation intensity of the affected area will be utilized to estimate the future land subsidence i.e. azard. Different from sudden disasters, land subsidence is a slow‐onset geohazard and is accumulated over years. Therefore, the accumulative subsidence volume is the key indicator in evaluating the land subsidence hazard Wang ; Wei, . Land subsidence velocity is included as the hazard evaluating indicator to demonstrate the trend of subsidence. The ground water exploitation intensity is also used as an indicator because groundwater extraction is considered as the primary cause of subsidence in the area. Social data, that includes population density, gross domestic productkm and construction land proportion will be utilized to estimate the vulnerability. The level of socioeconomic development is directly proportional to vulnerability; the more developed the economy and the more dense the population the more the changes of damage and physical harm. The estimated land subsidence and estimated vulnerability will be combined together to obtain a land subsidence risk map. Different cases with and without governmental prevention and reduction policy or action will also be employed to compare the differences. Case is with no governmental prevention and reduction policy or action whereas Case is with government action to reduce ground water exploitation and finally Case is with government action to preventreduce construction land proportion. Finally, three different land subsidence risk map will be obtained by employing these three different cases. Figure 2. Methodology Flowchart 471

3. Expected Result

This is an ongoing research; therefore, the results are not obtained yet. But, eventually, after applying the above mentioned method; a land subsidence hazard map, a land subsidence vulnerability map and finally three different risk maps is expected to be obtained. The result map will be zoned in terms of very high, high, medium, low and very low riskhazardvulnerability areas. This result is expected to be useful for the government and interested stakeholders for better understanding of the prevailing situation and the changes that can be brought through interventions. The generated result will also be helpful for disaster prevention policy‐making References Abidin, Z., Djaja, R., Darmawan, D., adi, S., Akbar, A., Rajiyowiryono, ., Sudibyo, Y., Meilano, ., Kasuma, MA., Kahar, J., Subarya, C. . Land subsidence of Jakarta ndonesia and its geodetic monitoring system. Nat azards – : – 8 Adrian, OG., Rudolph, LD., Cherry AJ. . Analysis of long‐term land subsidence near Mexico City: field investigations and predictive modelling. Water Resource Res : – Choi, J., Oh, .J., Won, J.S., and Lee, S. . Validation of an artificial neural network model for landslide susceptibility mapping. Environ Earth Sci, : – 8 . DO: . s ‐ ‐ 88‐ Gabrysch, RK., Neighbors RJ. . Land‐surface subsidence and its control in the ouston‐ Galveston region, TX, – . n: Proceedings th international symposium. Land Subsidence, Ravenna, taly, September :8 – uang. B.J. Shu. L.C., and Yang, Y. S. . Groundwater Overexploitation Causing Land Subsidence: azard Risk Assessment Using Field Observation and Spatial Modelling. Water Resour Manage, : ‐ .DO . s ‐ ‐ ‐y u, B., Zhou, J., Wang, J., Chen, Z., Wang, D., Xu, S. . Risk assessment of land subsidence at Tianjin coastal area in China. Environ Earth Sci , pp. ‐ . u, J.C., Chu, .T., ou, C.S., Lai, T.., Chen, R.F., Nien, P.F. . The contribution to tectonic subsidence by groundwater abstraction in the Pingtung area, southwestern Taiwan as determined by GPS measurements. Quatern nt : ‐ Jiang, Y., Jia, S.M., and Wang, .G. . Risk assessment and management of land subsidence in Beijing Plain. ZONGGUO DZZAA YU FANGZ XUEBAO, : ‐ . n Chinese Kim, K.D., Lee, S., and Oh, .J. . Prediction of ground subsidence in Samcheok City, Korea using artificial neural networks and GS. Environ Geol, 8: – . DO: . s ‐ 8‐ ‐ Lirer, L. and Vitelli, L. 8 . Volcanic risk assessment and mapping in the Vesuvian area using GS. Nat azards : ‐ Mancini, F., Stecchi, F., and Gabbianelli, G. . GS‐based assessment of risk due to salt mining activities at Tuzla Bosnia and erzegovina . Engineering Geology, : ‐ 8 . Oh, .J., and Lee, S. . Assessment of ground subsidence using GS and the weights‐of‐ evidence model. Engineering Geology, : ‐ 8. Oh, .J., and Lee, S. . ntegration of ground subsidence hazard maps of abandoned coal mines in Samcheok, Korea. nternational Journal of Coal Geology, 8 : 8‐ . Park, ., Choi J., Lee, M.J. and Lee, S. . Application of an adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system to ground subsidence hazard mapping. Computers Geosciences, 8: 8‐ 8. 472 Putra D.P.E, Setianto A., Keokhampui K., and Fukuoka, . . Land Subsidence Risk Assessment Case Study: Rongkop, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta‐ndonesia. The th AUNSEED‐ Net Regional Conference on Geo‐Disaster Mitigation in ASEA, ‐ , October, , Conference Suh, J., Choi, Y., Parkh, D., Yoon, S.., and Go, W.R. . Subsidence azard Assessment at the Samcheok Coalfield, South Korea: A Case Study Using GS. Environmental Engineering Geoscience, XX : –8 . Teatini, P., Ferronato, M., Gambolati, G., Bertoni, W., Gonella, M. . A century of land subsidence in Ravenna, taly. Environ Geol :8 –8 Wang, G.L. . Preliminary studies on dangerous grading standard of land subsidence. Shanghai Geol : ‐ Wang, J., Gao, W., Xu, S., Yu, L. . Evaluation of the combined risk of sea level rise, land subsidence, and storm surges on the coastal areas of Shanghai, China. Climatic Change : ‐ 8 Wei, F.. . Researches on geological hazard and risk zonation in Tangshan ebei. Dsc. Thesis, China Univ Geosci, pp 8 ‐ Xu, Y.S., Shen, S.L., Cai, Z.Y., Zhou, G.Y. 8 . The state of land subsidence and prediction approaches due to groundwater withdrawal in China. Nat azards : ‐ Yamaguchi, R. . Water level change in the deep well of the University of Tokyo. Bull Earthquake Res nst No. . Joint Scientific Symposium IJJSS 2016 Chiba, 20‐24 November 2016 473 Geological Structure Delineation of Kepahiang Geothermal Prospect using Remote Sensing Techniques, Bengkulu, Indonesia Agil Gemilang R a , Cipta Endyana b , Aton Patonah b Boy Yoseph b a Students at Faculty of Geological Engineering Padjadjaran University b Lecture at Faculty of Geological Engineering Padjadjaran University Abstract Research area administratively located in Kepahiang Regency, Bengkulu Province, ndonesia. Tectonic setting is situated between Musi and Ketaun segment of Sumatera fault. Eastern Ketaun segment occurred dilatational step over to Musi segment. The structural geology in this tectonic setting is of great interest as a research object. Several methods was used in this study, which consist of remote sensing and fieldwork. Structural analysis using satellite imagery ASTER‐GDEM was carried out in remote sensing. Structural analysis methods consist of digital lineament extraction, lineament density, lineament delineation, and statistic lineament. Fieldwork consists of surface geothermal manifestation mapping. Digital extracted lineament shows structure orientation pattern. igh density lineaments indicate areas with a main structure. The structural play consist of four main orientation, which are NW‐SE, NNW‐SSE, WNW‐ESE and NE‐SE. Structural trend NW‐SE is associated with hot spring in Kelobak, structural trend NNW‐SSE is associated with hot spring, fumarole and mud pool in Kaki Kaba and Air Sempiang, WNW‐trend ESE is associated with hot spring in Suban, and structural trend NE‐SW is associated with hot spring in Sindang Jati. These structures play an important role as discharge zones indicated by high density lineament areas and geothermal manifestation occurrence. The structural trend related to tensional regime of Musi and Ketaun segment of Sumatera Fault. Keywords Sumatera Fault, Remote Sensing, Extracted Lineament, Structural Geology

1. Introduction

1.1 Background Kepahiang geothermal prospect is situated in Sumatera fault system. Tectonically, it is situated between Musi and Ketaun segment of Sumatera fault. Eastern Ketaun segment occurred dilatational step over to Musi segment. Kaba stratovolcano is located between Musi and Ketaun segment. Sieh and Natawidjadja, . Surface geothermal manifestations indicate permeable zone and the existence of active subsurface geothermal system. This potential of geothermal system could be developed and utilized if we know whether it has potential. Generally in geothermal system we always search for permeable zones and high temperature systems because these are the most profitable