Theoretical Underpinnings for Contradictory Results

204 of the estimated coefficient of the productivity variable—must be country specific, that is, different from country to country. n our analysis, the corresponding estimates of the U.S. Phillips curve become negative, consistent with the price theory that the Phillips curve represents. Even with the setting of diminishing technology, our model could generate the cyclical movement of the real wages. But, our device to set a productivity‐related real wage accelerator, is put externally. Furthermore, if we consider the Okun’s coefficient, its level generally exceeds one as is accepted as fact; this is consistent with increasing returns, and would not be supported by the conventional setting with diminishing returns. Thus, a remaining issue is to elucidate those contradictions between commonly held economic law and conventional theoretical issues. Some of the source could be expected to be obtained from the calculation of the Okun coefficient and its resulting volatility; furthermore, this calculation extends the present analysis in to a more general setting of an AD‐AS framework. Acknowledgements am very grateful to Professor Koichi amada for the valuable comments on the insights of my original report, and Professor Yutaka arada for his over‐all guidance in this research and his insightful comments and correspondence. am also very grateful to Professor Kenji Miyazaki for his generous help in furthering the range and depth of my analysis. References Akerlof, G. A., Dickens, W. T. and Perry, G. L. . The Macroeconomics of low inflation. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Vol. , pp. – . Dew‐Becker, . and Gordon, R. J. . Where did the productivity growth go? nflation dynamics and the distribution of income. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Vol. , pp. – . Richardson, P., Boobe, L., Giorno, C., Meacci, M., Rae, D. and Turner, D. . The concept, policy use and measurement of structural unemployment: estimating a time varying NARU across countries. OECD Economics Department Working Papers, No. , pp. – . Gordon, R. J. . The Phillips curve is alive and well: inflation and the NARU during the slow recovery. NBER Working Paper, No. , pp. – . amada, K. and Kurosaka, Y. 8 . Trends in unemployment, wages and productivity: the case of Japan. Economica, Vol. , pp.S ‐ . arada, Y. and Okamoto, S. . Nihonkeizai Teitai no Genin – Suihei na Phillips Curve no Kyoufu in Japanese . Toyo Keizai, Vol. , pp. ‐ . Krugman, P. R. 8 . ts baaack: Japans slump and the return of the liquidity trap. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Vol. , pp. ‐8 . Nishizaki, F. . The NARU in Japan: measurement and its implications, OECD Working Paper, No. , pp. – 8. Watson, M. W. . nflation persistence, the NARU, and the great recession. American Economic Review, Vol. , No. , pp. ‐ . 20 The th I do esia Japa Joi t S ie tifi Sy posiu IJJSS Chi a, ‐ 4 Nove er Topic : Social Sciences and Sustainabilities ARMY SUPPORT PROGRAM THROUGH SMART HOUSE IN POVERTY REDUCTION FRAMEWORK BASED ON SDGS Tri Endangsih, S.T, M.Ars a and Jeanie Annissa, S.P, M.Si b a Budi Luhur University ,ighway Ciledug, North Petukangan, South Jakarta b Budi Luhur University, ighway Ciledug, North Petukangan, South Jakarta Abstract This study discusses the smart house program organized by the army in support of improving the quality of education related non‐formal education in the Cilodong area, West Java as reducing poverty by SDGs framework points related to the quality of education. This study used a qualitative descriptive analytical methodology with the technique of primary and secondary data collection. Primary data through interview techniques to smart house Cilodong which is an observation area of research, while secondary data using the study of literature related to the research data of books, journals, and even the necessary documents. This study uses the concept of sustainable development goals within the framework of sustainable development and understanding of the smart house. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the Army has been providing support in poverty reduction related to improving the quality of education within the framework of SDGs through the establishment of a smart house program RUMPN who teaches non‐formal education for all ages. Non‐formal education given in RUMPN program in Cilodong, West Java. Programs provided include education Library the center of creation, the center of the game audio‐visual centers, and Laboratory of computer. As such, this program is expected to provide additional knowledge to people of all ages and levels of social stratification and increases the standard of living. Keywords : Smart House , Sustainable Development, Quality of Education

A. Background

The quality of human resources is a key development needs of the country. These needs must be supported by progress in the field of education that many changes and developments in science and technology, especially in the era of globalization. Therefore, countries in the world focus on education as one area which is becoming an important target for poverty reduction. a Lecturer of Architecture Technique Faculty, Budi Luhur University, Jakarta, ndonesia, Telephone : + 8 , Fax : + , endangsihtriyahoo.com b Lecture of nternational Relations, Social and Politics Faculty, Budi Luhur University, Jakarta, ndonesia, Telephone : + 8 , Fax : + , Jeanieannissagmail.com 20 Based on the UN agreement made with 8 countries focusing repairs poverty reduction through the Millennium Development Goals MDGs conducted from to that focused on eight target development by putting the improvement of education in the third point, which then continued in the program Sustainable Development Goals SDGs , which is a sustainable development program conducted from through . in the SDGs targets, improvement of education placed on the fourth point of the goals were developed. Based on these explanations, then ndonesia as one of the countries that joined the agreement need to implement a series of programs to achieve the development goals. One is education. Getting a quality education is the foundation for improving community life and sustainable development. Great progress has been made towards improving access to education at all levels and increasing participation rates in school without gender classified. Basic literacy skills have improved tremendously, but the effort is more daring needed to make a bigger step in achieving the goal of universal education. Development targets in the field of education can be classified into formal education and non‐formal. n formal education emphasizes the eradication of illiteracy and the prowess counting. While in Non‐formal education is substantially aimed at improving the ability of the community, especially youth groups to produce good quality of technical and vocational skills to achieve decent work that foster economic twisted so as to achieve the target of sustainable development. ence of that, the formation of smart house Solutions RUMPN into a government support in creating quality education. RUMPN is the big idea of the First Lady Mrs. Ani Yudhoyono of ndonesia which was formed as part of efforts to achieve the life of the nation. n accordance with the Decree of the Minister of Education and Culture No. 8 in , smart house included in the category of Non‐Formal Education Unit kind. n line with the governments efforts in the nation as well as to reduce poverty, smart houses presence is meant to embody the knowledge society to the formation of a prosperous and civilized society. Smart house was set to reach the unreached by the touch of progress, especially in the field of education. Through the smart house expected the people need to learn in order to create community learning learning community that are also expected to have an impact on the welfare of society and the nation. Smart houses as community learning centers are designed with the needs of local communities. RUMPN that have been built throughout ndonesia until amounted to with the details of the financing of ministry of education Kemendikbud in locations and from other sources 8 locations. One of them is the Smart ouse Chakras Scholar ‐ one that is in the area of Kostrad housing headquarters Cilodong Depok is one concrete manifestation of the idea of the first lady Ani Yudhoyono, who intercepted concern by Commander of KOSTRAD Pangksotrad and mother Nur Alam George Toisutta will need to increase the quality of education for children children who were in the area and surrounding Cilodong that creates a younger generation of smart and qualified as the development of science and technology is so globalized. With invites students around Cilodong or Depok in general, a smart house be one alternative for the growing interest in learning, practicing and playing in order to afford sharing in the learning process in their respective schools. This educational model and reflects the oneness of the Armed Forces with the people, in where the presence of the nations children in military discipline environment can absorb a range of values that are beneficial to the nations future. Therefore, both the program and the activities carried out should be based on community needs and potential of locally owned. Thus, we choose a case study in this research RUMPN Chakra Wise which was first built in ndonesia, based on this, if the needs of society and utilize local potential, the expected presence of smart house can be used as a cog for the advancement of society and development of the economy of an area. Given the smart house is one form of public education, the management of the smart house is conducted in accordance with the needs of the people, but still consider the rules or instructions that have been made by the government as a