3.3.2.4 Social Conditions
Data of social condition, collected on all villages in Pasi Island. The respondent is chosen in order to catch ideal respondent purposive sampling and
respondent are as follows: society of fishermen, community leaders and government. Hereinafter the perception of chosen respondent could be evaluated
by an interview, questioner and mini workshop. The public perception and MCA zoning plan is also needed as additional
data. Based on their needs and interests respondents were also given the opportunity to assess and advice on the design of multipurpose zoning of MCA in
Pasi Island. It also requires the information of all stakeholders communities, fishermen, local government about the activities can be done within MCA. This
is certainly expected to be an input in the management model of MCA Pasi Island.
3.3.2.5 Secondary Data
Secondary data being collected from document or released by some institution, i.e. Department Marine and Fisheries of Kepulauan Selayar Regency,
COREMAP II Selayar, and BPS.
3.4 Boundaries and MCA Zones
Determination of boundaries and multipurpose zoning of MCA will facilitate local governments in preserving and monitoring of ecosystems in coastal
regions and small islands. Steps for developing zoning maps and boundary of MCA are presented below:
Figure 4 Steps for developing zoning maps and boundary of MCA.
3.4.1 Preliminary Design
Determination of preliminary design of the core zone was conducted prior to the survey based on secondary information and data that already exist. The
enactment of the draft core zone will make it easier to conduct the next stage. This initial draft will be offered to stakeholders.
3.4.2 Public Consultation
The public consultation with stakeholders was conducted after preparation of the draft map MCA’s core zone to gather their perceptions of early design
stage. This data is also compiled with data society conditions and the biophysical data.
3.4.3 MCA Mapping
The above data are analyzed. In this step of research, data being interpreted phases are as: 1 weighting and scoring, 2 overlay, and 3 development of
boundaries and multipurpose zoning of marine conservation areas. Table 2 shows a sample presentation of MCA boundaries:
Early Data and
Information Early
Map
Public Consultation
Field Survey
Overlay Processing
Boundary Map and Multiple-use zoning
of MCA
Table 3 Examples of MCA boundaries
No. Point Coordínate System
Longitudes Latitudes
1 2
3 n
…… ……
…… ……
…… ……
…… ……
3.5 Data Analysis
Data analysis was conducted after data collecting as a mean to answer of some question and problem of research. In this network research, data being
analyzed are as follow:
3.5.1 Biophysics Data
Analyzed of biological data English et al. 1997; COREMAP II-LIPI 2007; CRITC-LIPI 2006:
a. The percentage of live cover on each sites research is calculated with formula:
100 cov
x oftransek
Lenght coral
of Lenght
er =
b.
H ′ = -
∑ pi ln pi
To analyze the value of species diversity following the formulation of Shannon diversity index H Odum 1993:
with : H
′ = Shannon Diversity Indeks
Pi = proportion of the abundance of individuals from one
individual to i niN
N = Total of individual numbers
ni = Number of individual each spesies
3.5.2
Suitability Analysis for MCA Core Zone
The determination of suitability criteria for the core zone of MCA was conducted by weighting and scoring based on several criteria which have been
determined. Criteria for the suitability of the core zone are as follows.
Table 4 Weighting and scoring for
No
MCA core zone
Criteria Weight Category
S1 Score Category
S2 Score Category
N
Score
Ecological Criteria
1 Live Reef Cover
2 50
3 25-50
2 25
1
2 Diversity of reef fish
2 H 3
3 2H3
2 H2
1
3 Total of fish species
1 ≥ 100
3 40-99
2 40
1
4 Life Form
1 10
3 5-10
2 5
1
Social Criteria
5 Economic Species
1 High
3 Middle
2 Low
1
6 Urgently of fisheries
2 Low
3 Middle
2 High
1
7 Supporting from society
and government 2
High 3
Middle 2
Low
1
8 Distance from residents
1 2 Km
3 2-3 Km
2 3 Km
1
Sources: Modification from Salm et al. 2000; Soselisa 2006
Getting a core zone of the assessment criteria need to know the interval for each class of suitability which a minimum score of 12 and a maximum score of
36. The formula is as follow:
ik = 36-123 = 8
With the interval class 8, then got the suitability criteria for the core zone as follows
Highly Suitable S1 : score 29 - 36 :
Suitable S2 : score 20 - 28
Not Suitable N : score 12 – 19
3.5.3 Suitability Analysis for Mariculture
Determination of the feasibility for aquaculture development was conducted by weighting method. Detailed data on physical and chemical waters was used as
reference in determining the eligibility criteria. The Method of scoring or weighting of each parameter is calculated with different weightings. The weights
used depend on the experimental or empirical experience that has been done. The
feasibility factors of aquaculture are presented in the following table:
Table 5 Suitability criteria for mariculture
No Parameters
Weight Category Score Category
Score Category Score
S1 S2
N
1 Temperature
o
1 C
28 – 30 3
25-27.9 or 30.1-32 2
25 or 32 1
2 Current cms 2
20 – 40 3
5-19 or 41-50 2
5 or 50 1
3 Salinity ‰ 1
30 – 33 3
28-29 or 34-35 2
28 or 35 1
4 Oxygen mgl 2
7 – 8 3
5–7 or 8–10 2
5 or 10 1
5 Visibility 2
67-100 3
33-66 2
33 1
6 pH 1
7 – 8 3
6–7 or 8–8.5 2
6 or 8.5 1
7 Substrate 2
Sand 3
Sand, Silt 2
Silt 1
8 Accessibility 1
Easy 3
Medium 2
Hard 1
9 Safety 1
High 3
Middle 2
Low 1
Source: Modification from DKP 2002, KLH 2004, Radiarta et al. 2003; Rachmansyah 2004.
Getting the criteria of suitability need to know the class interval for each suitability of which a minimum score of 12 and a maximum score of 36. The
formula is as follow:
ik = 36-123 = 8
With the interval class 8, then got the suitability criteria for the core zone as follows
Highly Suitable S1 : score 29 - 36 :
Suitable S2 : score 20 - 28
Not Suitable N : score 12 – 19
3.5.4 Suitability Analysis for Marine Tourism
The determination of criteria for the suitability of marine tourism was conducted by weighting and scoring based on several parameters that have been
determined and obtained from field study. The following table presented the suitability criteria for marine tourism:
Table 6 Suitability criteria for marine tourism
No. Parameters
Weight Category
S1 Scor
Category S2
Scor Category
N Scor
1 Visibility
2 80
3 50-80
2 50
1 2
Life coral cover 3
75 3
40-75 2
40 1
3 Coral life form
3 10
3 5-10
2 5
1 4
Reef Fishes species 3
50 3
20-50 2
20 1
5 Current velocitycms
1 0-15
3 15-40
2 40
1 6
Reef flat m 2
300 3
50-300 2
50 1
7 Depth m
1 3-15
3 1-3 16-35
2 35
1 Source: Modification from Yulianda 2007
IKW = ∑ NN
maks
x 100 Getting the assessment of marine tourism is important to know the
suitability index for each site. The maximum values of marine tourism are 54, respectively. Suitability index of marine tourism is determined by the formula:
Where: IKW
= Tourism suitability index N
= Parameter value weight x score N
maks
= Maximum value of tourism category
Very Suitability S1 : score 83-100
The determination of sites as a marine tourism was conducted after calculating of IKW. The following criteria based on:
Suitability S2 : score 50 - 83
Not Suitability N : score 50
3.5.5 Participative Mapping
The determination of fishing ground was conducted by participatory mapping. The respondents consist of Pasi Island fishermen who questioned with
map about fishing ground on surrounding the island.
3.5.6 Descriptive Analysis
Descriptive analysis is being used to qualitative data. The qualitative data were the public perception of the zoning MCA planned; alternative activities that
can be done in MCA; and other social information.
3.5.7 SWOT Analysis For Zoning Strategy
SWOT Analysis is a classical strategic instruments plan. By using the frameworks strengths and weaknesses and external opportunities and threats, this
instrument provides a simple way to predict how best to implement a strategy. SWOT Analysis is a strategic planning method used to evaluate the factors
into strengths; weaknesses; opportunities; and threats that may occur in reaching a goal of a management. For this purpose the necessary assessment of the
environmental aspects of the environment, both sourced from internal and external Rangkuti 2007. Internal factors that can be analyzed as follows: Strengths and
Weaknesses; while external factors are as follow: Opportunities and Threats Based on the results of the SWOT analysis, the management strategies
specified such as below:
Figure 5 Management strategic based on SWOT analysis.
3.5.8 Spatial Analysis
In spatial analysis, the spatial mapping was conducted, firstly. The thematic maps obtain based on ecological parameters, oceanographic and social.
Furthermore, the final process in spatial analysis is overlay by considering the results of the SWOT analysis so that the information obtained more sharply. In
addition one of the benefits of GIS technology is its ability to process of map overlay. Of all the thematic maps are variable analyses. The overlay process could
produce one map that has the spatial information of each theme which is determined for the region boundaries and zones in MCA.
INTERNAL FACTORS
EKSTERNAL FACTORS
S Strengths.
W Weaknesses
T Threats SO Strategic:
Minimizing the weakness strategic to avoid of threats.
ST Strategic:
Using the strengths strategic to making out of threats.
O Opportunities
SO Strategic:
Using the strengths strategic for opportunities.
WO Strategic:
Minimizing the weakness strategic for opportunities.
4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 4.1
Overview of Study Area
Based on the results of field observations, obtained information about the general condition of research area, which consisted of geographical conditions,
socio-demographic and accessibility.
4.1.1 Geographical Conditions
Pasi Island was part of Kepulauan Selayar Regency, South Sulawesi Province with the geographical position about 6
o
5 - 6
o
13 Latitude and 120
o
23 - 120
o
27 Longitude, located in adjacent to West of Selayar Island. The island is composed of 3 three villages, namely Bontolebang Village, Bontoborusu Village
and Kahu-Kahu Village, which is covered area about ± 2335 ha BPS 2009 and ± 29.5 km coastline PSTK UNHAS 2007. Following is information about
population data of Pasi Island residents: Table 7 Residents Data of Pasi Islan
No.
d
Village Area
Km
2
Residents Number of
Family Men
Women 1
2 3
Bontolebang Kahu-Kahu
Bontoborusu 3.31
10.04 10.00
874 1918
1639 246
482 463
448 955
902 426
963 737
Source: Family data questionnaire 2010; BPS 2009
4.1.2 Social Demography
Of the total of 73 fishermen interviewed, Pasi Island residents depend on fisheries and agriculture sector, as the
dominant livelihoods. The present of season greatly effects in their daily activities, in the east monsoon they generally work as fishermen, while in the west monsoon,
the community as a farmer cashew, corn, coconut. The fishing activities is traditional, hand line and gill net are usually used to catch fishes such as coral
trout, grouper, and others. 52.05 of respondents do fishing
activities around the island and 38.36 in Taka Bajangan about 4 nautical miles from Pasi Island. Overall the respondents still use traditional fishing gear, nets,
traps and others, they capture the majority of reef fish and feel that diminishing
fish resources if compared with five years ago.
Table 8 Overview of fishing conditions at Pasi Island n=73 Representation of the fishermen in
Pulau Pasi can be seen in the following table:
No. Description by
No. of Respondent
Percentage Total
1 Fishing Ground:
Around Pasi Island 38
52.05 100
Taka’ Bajangan 28
38.36 Outer Pasi Island
7 9.59
2 Fishing Gears:
Hand Line 42
57.53 100
Nets 20
27.40 Others
11 15.07
3 Type of Fish:
Reef Fishes 65
89.04 100
Pelagic Fishes 5
6.85 Reef Pelagic Fishes
3 4.11
4 Average catchday
5 Kg 26
35.62 100
5 - 10 Kg 34
46.58 10 Kg
13 17.81
5 Fish Harvest last 5 years:
13 Increased
17.81 100
Similar 14
19.18 Decreased
46 63.01
4.1.2.1 Bontolebang Village
Bontolebang Village consists of 3 three dusun, namely Dusun Gusung Timur, Gusung Barat and Gusung Lengu’. Electric power in this village has been
well, in which every house has obliged to pay electricity bill based on the number of lamps installed at home. Diesel engine of adequate power is installed in village
centre. Unlike the electric facilities, the fresh water supply in this village is very poor; this may be caused by the physical character of sloping topography of the
village. In addition to fishing activities, the villager is also farming reef fish
groupers, coral trout, baronang and others by using step cages and floating cages. The role of women in the family can be quite large, both as housewives and
family economic support. This was shown by women activity to help improve the family economy such as trading, dried fish processing and even helping their
husbands in fishing equipment maintenance.
In the Bontolebang village there has Microfinance Institutions MFIs Karang Indah that serves as the driving for community productive activities.
Beneficiary fund MFIs so far has reached 96 people, meaning the existence of MFIs have been able to mobilize the community in productive activities
COREMAP 2009.
4.1.2.2 Kahu-Kahu Village
This village consists of 4 four dusun, namely
The majority of residents work as fishermen and farmers, who in conducting its activities depending on the season.When the east monsoon, the residents work
as fishermen, while during the west monsoon turned into farmers who take care of cashew crop, corn, and coconut. As a fisherman, fishing gear used are hand line
and nets to catch fish such as coral trout, grouper, snapper and other fishes. Beside fishermen and farmers, there are people who work as traders and civil servants.
Dusun North Kahu-Kahu, Central Kahu-Kahu, South Kahu-Kahu dan Dopa. The majority of villagers are
Selayar and Makassar ethnic.
In this village, the role of women in the family can be quite large, both as housewives and family economic support. This was shown by active women to
develop the business of making shrimp paste that is marketed to the mainland, Selayar.
4.1.2.3 Bontoborusu Village
This village consists of 4 four dusun, namely Dusun Dongkalang, Buloiya,
Paoiya and Manarai. The majority of villagers are Selayar and Makassar ethnic. Livelihoods of the population are dominated by fishermen and farmers, although
there is also a civil servant and seek other services such as boat traverse service. This village fishermen using traditional fishing gear to catch fish.
4.1.2 Access
Accessibility of Pasi island community to the mainland, Selayar island capital regency is relatively easy by using a motor boat jarangka’ from three
villages. Pasi Island can be reached by two access points. First access through the old market at Benteng city with ± 30 minutes travel time to the Bontolebang
Village, fees charged Rp. 5 000 per person. The second access through the Padang port of Bontosunggu village with ± 15 minutes travel time to Bontoborusu and
Kahu-Kahu villages, the fees charged Rp. 2 000 per person for the purpose of the Bontoborusu village and Rp. 3 000 per person for the purpose to the village of
Kahu-Kahu. In addition, the access road between Bontolebang village and Kahu-Kahu
village has been available and taken through a permanent path. For Bontolebang village also has available land access as the other two villages but the only link
between the Dusun of the village. Access from Bontolebang village to Kahu-Kahu village or Bontobarusu village
can be reached or passed the sea using jarangka with a travel time ± 45 minutes.
4.2 Environmental Conditions 4.2.1 Current
Current velocity observations of coral reefs location ranged from 0.55-20.83 cmsec.
Current velocity was also strongly influenced by tidal processes that are in the strait area, where water mass movement will become stronger in the narrow
gap even when reaching the end of the strait. I Current conditions in the Pasi Island show that in site no. 1 and 2 of coral
observations has a fairly strong currents, it is suspected because of the location which is located at the end of the strait between the Pasi Island and Selayar Island.
While the current velocity at the location of water quality observation of tended to be weaker, ranging between 5.50-35 cm sec.
n general, the current velocity at the study site is in normal level to support the growth of reefs, while for mariculture
development, conditions are relatively weak but still in the recommended values, although not in the range of the ideal that should get attention in the placement
and the cages treatment Kangkan et al. 2007. While the current too strong, can
interfere with the physiology of fish, whether caused by the movement of fish to against the current or because of stress. The physical of environmental condition
on the coral reef sites can be seen in the following table:
Table 9 Environmental condition on the coral reef site
Site
s
Location Aquatic Environmental Conditions
Temperature Depth
Visibility Salinity Current
°c m
‰ cms
1 Southern
31.16 10
90 32
20.83 2
Southern 31.17
4 100
32 20.83
3 Southern
30.48 10
90 31
0.55 4
Western 30.57
9 100
32 3.82
5 Western
30.56 10
80 32
3.72 6
Western 31.16
5 100
32 7.72
7 Western
31.37 10
95 32
0.59 8
Western 31.17
5 100
32 3.62
9 Southern
30.57 5
100 33
3.82 10
Southern 30.56
9 100
28 3.79
4.2.2 Visibility Fieldwork has been done obtained data Tables 9 and 10 that the visibility
condition at the coral reef areas ranging from 80-100, that this condition will strongly support the growth of corals due to the sunlight intensity can penetrate
the water column. At the water quality sites, the visibility levels ranging from 31- 100, this is because the site in the eastern Pasi Island is in the mangrove areas.
Based on the visibility parameters, all the observation sites suitable for the development of mariculture in particular step cage and floating cages and also
growth of coral reefs. The existence of dissolved material in the water column can inhibit the light penetration into the waters, so that the fotosistesa process
becomes disturbed Ariyati et al. 2007. Waters visibility is one factor that can support the survival of fish in cages, where the visibility will help grouper in the
process of taking food Kangkan et al. 2007. The environmental condition of Pasi
Island on water quality observation sites to the suitability of mariculture can be seen in the following table:
Table 10 The environmental conditions on water quality sites
Site Location
Aquatic Environmental Parameters Temperature Depth
Visibility Salinity
Current DO
pH °C
m ‰
cms mgl
1 Eastern
31.56 5.5
100.00 30
6.59 6.45
8.08 2
Eastern 30.48
17 58.82
34 7.44
6.95 7.82
3 Western
31.48 2
100.00 28
5.50 6.47
8.27 4
Western 30.56
3 100.00
32 7.58
6.48 8.1
5 Western
30.57 3
100.00 33
7.65 6.45
8.09 6
Western 31.37
2 100.00
32 35.00
6.95 8.13
7 Eastern
31.22 16
31.25 32
15.43 6.25
8.09
4.2.3 Temperatures
The measurement results at 17 observation sites obtained the temperature range between 30.48-31.56° C Tables 9 and 10, this temperature range is not too
much variable, presumably because there is enough water movement so that helps intermittent aeration and prevent large fluctuations of the water temperature Puja
et al. 2001. The range of temperature is the normal temperature range for tropical
waters despite Pasi Island could be affected by cross currents of Indonesia Arlindo, where the geographical of Selayar islands is part of the Flores Sea and
Banda Sea. Asmawi 1990 explained that the temperature of shallow waters is greater
than the deep-sea due to having a lot of turbulence caused by winds and the dynamics of physical oceanography, raised by the wind. Temperature also affects
the digestive process of fish; digestion is running very slowly at low temperatures, the opposite is more rapid in the warmer waters.
Water temperature also plays an important role in supporting the growth and survival of marine organisms such as corals and reef fish. In generally, the water
temperatures at the study sites are suitable to support the growth of marine organisms such as corals and reef fish.
4.2.4 Salinity
The result of the distribution of salinity measurements at Ocean of Pasi Island ranged 28-34 ‰. Salinity conditions are still quite reasonable and often
found in tropical ocean regions. In the northern part of the island, was found at low salinity conditions 28‰, it is suspected because of the fresh water input
from land and river on the mainland Selayar Island, where the distribution of salinity in the ocean is influenced by several factors such as water circulation
patterns, evaporation, rainfall and river flow Nontji 1993. In generally, the averages of salinity at the study site showing the range can supports for the
cultivation of mariculture and survival for marine organisms.
4.2.5 pH
PH scale ranges from 0 very acidic to 14 extremely alkaline. Values of pH less than 7 indicates an acidic environment while the value above 7 indicates
an alkaline environment, while the pH = 7 is called the neutral. Based on the results of field measurements Table 10, note that the level of acidity around the
island is 7.82-8.27. These values is slightly alkaline, but are still categorized as a pH value that can be tolerated and still normal for marine environment.
pH values in waters around Pasi Island reasonable for mariculture, because in general cultivation of reef fish can grow well in a pH range between 7-8.5
Kangkan et al. 2007. The degree of acidity which are alkalis pH7 is closely related to the bottom substrate, which is the sand flats and coral reefs so that the
salt content of biogenic especially calcium Ca2
+
is quite high Syarani Suryanto 2006. Waters of the acidic and highly alkaline, can cause death and stop
reproduction in fish Amin 2001. This is mainly due to the decrease in oxygen and increase in CO
2
content. Based on these conditions, the pH of waters in the study area is very suitable for the cultivation of white grouper, and snapper.
4.2.6 Dissolved Oxygen
Factors to be considered for raising fish in cages were dissolved oxygen ranged between 5-10 mgl Kangkan et al. 2007. The results showed that the
dissolved oxygen content ranges between 6.25-6.95 mgl. Variation of dissolved oxygen content presumably because of the movement
and mixing of water masses, also by the daily cycle of this parameter. The measurement results of dissolved oxygen in waters around Pasi Island showed
respectable range and support for mariculture.
4.2.7 Aquatic Substrate
Substrate types in waters around the Pasi Island, is sand and muddy sand. Type of substrate sand muddy located in mangrove areas and the squeaking of
Padang, is an area that gets the greatest pressure due to the input run off from the rivers that flow into the area. Type of substrate sand and little pieces of coral are
at another location, which is open sea so that the mass movement of water can wash the fine particles from the water column Kangkan et al. 2007.
In generallly, the substrate around the Pasi Island is eligible for the development of
mariculture in particular the step net cage and the floating net cage.
4.3 Coral Reefs Conditions
The condition of live coral cover in the waters around Pasi Island ranged from 46.66-74.83 with moderate to good category Soekarno et al. 1983. The
smallest percentage of live coral cover found at site no. 6th which is 46.66, while the largest percentage of live coral cover was found in site no. 4th which is
74.83. The percentages of live coral cover on the research location, presented in the chart below:
Figure 6 Percentage of live coral cover at the study sites. From the calculation of the percentage of hard coral at site no. 1, 2 and 3,
obtained results that the composition of the Acropora is more dominant, while for site no.s 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 were that dominate from the groups of non-
Acropora. Coral has a variety of life form, relating to the condition of aquatic environment. Various types of coral life forms are influenced by light intensity,
hydrodynamics waves and currents, food availability, sediment and genetic factors. Based on coral life form, hard coral consist of Acropora and non-
Acropora English et al. 1997. Percent cover of hard coral groups can be seen in
the figure as follows:
Figure 7 Percent cover of hard corals. This was supposedly because the site no. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 are in open
sea so that the trend will be more dominated by non-Acropora corals in particular for coral massive growth forms CM, whereas at site no. 1, 2 and 3 are on the
more protected site so that more dominated by Acropora corals in particular to acropora branching ACB. This is consistent with statements from Sukarno et al.
1983, that coral growth is better in the areas of large waves in which the current movement can provide sufficient oxygen than the quiet and sheltered area. The
formation of coral reefs require ideal conditions to support the deployment and recruitment of key species, the existence of environmental factors that support and
is suitable for certain types make the dominant species in the form of coral reef Harriott Banks 2002.
The dominant coral species in a habitat depends on environmental conditions or habitats where the corals were alive. More massive corals grow on
the outer reef. Corals that live in protected areas from waves leeward zones has a slim and elongated form of branching, in contrast to the strong wave windward
zones the growth trend is short branching shaped, strong, creeping, submasif or massive English et al. 1997; Supriharyono 2000.
4.4 Reef Fishes Condition
From the results of field observations showed that the highest numbers of individuals at site no. 2 1 578 individuals while the smallest amount in site no. 8
977 individuals. Many of reef fishes use coral reefs as a place of refuge, such as avoiding predators or strong currents Steele 1999. Besides, the habit patterns of
other fish are to use the reef as a place to spawn and care for the juvenile area. For the largest number of species found at site no. 4 107 species and the least at site
no. 3 47 species, whereas for fish densities obtained the highest number at site no. 2 6,31 indm2 and smallest at site no. 8 3,91 indm2.
Some species of reef fishes depend on coral reefs as the place looking for food and shelter Friedlander and Parrish 1998. Differences food and feeding
habits for reef fishes make their shape and has a territory that is able to provide food in accordance with their diet.
Individual abundance and species for reef fish in each site can be seen in the following figure:
Figure 8 Number of individuals and species of reef fishes. The result of reef fish diversity index, based on field data obtained showed
that site no. 2 and 3 have the lowest score of 2,098 and 2,997 moderate diversity while for the other site have a value above 3, this shows that generally the
diversity of reef fish on the Pasi Island is high, if seen from the diversity index H. Increases in the abundance and biomass of large exploited predators or space
occupiers in reserves may result in the decline of prey or inferior competitors, and
thus an overall decline in biodiversity Micheli et al. 2004. Individual abundance
of reef fish based on the group can be seen in the following figure:
Figure 9 Abundance of reef fish based on group.
4.5 Suitability Analysis for MCA Multiple Uses Zone
Regional Marine Conservation Area must have a zoning plan which is set in a simple way, making it easy to be understood and adhered to by the community.
This zoning on one side intended to save the resources, or diversity of coral reefs, and on the other side for the development of marine tourism and fisheries. T
o view the support of local government, community leaders and fishermen, then
collected information from 87 respondents, the result is obtained 89.66 support the establishment Pasi Island as a Marine Conservation Area MCA.
4.5.1 Core Zone
Core zone of a marine conservation area is expected to be able to maintain biodiversity and preservation of existing resources in the region. Selection of the
location of the core zone should be considered with good, not only based on ecological parameters, but also must consider the social parameters, especially the
support of the community, so expect the existence of the core zone can be maintained with high public participation. The following table presents the results
of conformity assessment for the core zone at the study site:
Table 11 Suitability locations for the MCA core zone
Site Geographical Position
South East Value
Category Criteria
1 06°1221.29
120°2528.45 25
S2 Suitable
2 06°1241.83
120°2505.73 20
S2 Suitable
3 06°1251.30
120°2423.54 29
S1 Highly suitable
4 06°1159.39
120°2336.53 30
S1 Highly suitable
5 06°1051.01
120°2322.75 30
S1 Highly suitable
6 06°0844.02
120°2331.45 23
S2 Suitable
7 06°0720.10
120°2400.77 26
S2 Suitable
8 06°0633.48
120°2412.60 27
S2 Suitable
9 06°0535.83
120°2507.18 29
S1 Highly suitable
10 06°0544.50
120°2534.29 25
S2 Suitable
Results of processing suitability for the core zone, it was found that the location is very suitable for the core zone is sites no. 3, 4, 5 and 9. At the site no. 9
are Marine Protected Area MPA formed by Bontolebang Village community; this will certainly be very supportive in the placement of the core zone at the site
no. 9. MPA was formed since 2007, and located on the north of Pasi Island. The assessment focuses on the percentage live coral cover, reef fish diversity and
community support and local government. The optimal size for biodiversity conservation should have a large size to
protect fish stocks and increase recruitment to an area adjacent to the fishing ground Hastings Botsford 2003.
Benteng
Dongkalang Kahu-Kahu
Tg. Gosong
P. Selayar P. Pasi
6 °1
3 3
6 °1
3 3
6 °1
2 6
°1 2
6 °1
3 6
°1 3
6 °9
6 °9
6 °7
3 6
°7 3
6 °6
6 °6
6 °4
3 6
°4 3
120°2230 120°2230
120°2400 120°2400
120°2530 120°2530
120°2700 120°2700
120°2830 120°2830
N E
W S
1 2 Km
Sekala 1:120.000
Peta Kesesuaian Zona Inti
Sesuai Sangat Sesuai
Daratan Sungai
Garis Pantai Keterangan:
Penutupan LahanTipe Substrat: Karang Campur Pasir
Kebun Lamun Campur Pasir
Mangrove Pasir
Pemukiman TegalLadang
Terumbu Karang Kedalaman m:
5 - 10 0 - 5
10 - 20 20 - 30
30 - 50 50 - 100
100
6 °2
6° 2
6 °0
6°
120°20 120°20
120°40 120°40
Figure 10 The suitability map of core zone.
4.5.2 Sustainability Fisheries Zone
Tabel 12 Sustainable fisheries zone is the area that can be utilized by local
communities in conducting activities such as catching fish by using an environmentally friendly fishing gear, and the development of environmentally
friendly mariculture. The results of conformity assessment for the cultivation zone are presented in the table below:
Suitability locations for m
Site
ariculture zone
Geographical Position South East
Value Category
Criteria
1 120°2558.00
6°0637.90 31
S1 Highly suitable
2 120°2601.92
6°0627.97 29
S1 Highly suitable
3 120°2532.44
6°0607.21 31
S1 Highly suitable
4 120°2541.31
6°0614.32 30
S1 Highly suitable
5 120°2459.08
6°0627.26 31
S1 Highly suitable
6 120°2446.12
6°0648.59 30
S1 Highly suitable
7 120°2529.00
6°0756.60 23
S2 Suitable
From the calculation for the suitability of aquaculture zone, it was found that site no. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are at very appropriate criteria, while site no. 7
located at appropriate criteria to be used as the location of marine aquaculture. The village is located on the northern part of Pasi Island, where the location is
divided into 2 areas: first, on the west side destined for reef fish aquaculture stand cage method, because the relatively shallow depth ranges from 2-3 meters,
secondly, on destined for the east side of reef fish aquaculture using floating net cages because the conditions into a relatively higher range between 5.5-17 meters.
Although the assessment results for site no. 7 categorized into suitable for cultivation, but its development must consider the elements of accessibility and
security because of its location far from the settlement.