Evolution of Marine Conservation Area

historical and cultural value, and nature aesthetic values, for present and future; f. g. Simplify the interpretation of marine and estuarine systems for the purpose of conservation, education and tourism; h. Provide appropriate management, which has a broad spectrum of human activity with the main objective is structuring marine and estuarine; Marine conservation areas are often regarded as an area designated for biodiversity conservation. However, a marine conservation area may also have an important role in the fisheries and tourism management. Marine conservation areas are enables to development of management actions that accordance to local conditions. For example, the prohibition of fishing can be done in the spawning ground while it was fishing with simple fishing gear traditional can still be permitted to be done in the areas around the spawning ground. The purpose of the establishment of marine conservation areas are intended to: Providing facilities for research and training, monitoring of human activities on the environment, including direct and indirect effects of development and land use than on the mainland. a. Ensuring the sustainability of marine ecosystems so that can sustain the life of the community life that depends on existing resources; b. The protection of marine biodiversity, endangered species in the long term, and able to protect and manage the area that became a place worth living economically important species; c. Sustainable utilization of marine resources so as to provide a source of the surrounding community prosperity; d. Marine resources management in the local scale effectively is able to preserve, protect and manage marine areas which have historical, cultural and natural raciness value for present and future; e. Facilitate marine activities for the purpose of conservation, education and tourism; f. Community activity settings on management area and to prevent activities that could affect the conservation area Darmawan et al. 2007; Mulyana Dermawan 2008; Wiryawan Dermawan 2006. One of the marine conservation areas functions are as protection areas of habitat and species of fish. Thus, MPA is expected to serve as the bank fishery resources that can support the improvement and sustainability of public revenues, especially fishermen.

2.3.3 Multiple Uses Zone

Marine conservation areas must have a zoning plan which is set in a simple way, so easier to be understood and adhered by the community. Multiple-use zoning is a management model of conservation area by placing some zones that are not only using the approach to resource conservation but also for the sustainable use such as marine tourism and fisheries. Multi-use zoning approach not only gives high protection to specific areas but also provide opportunities to undertake the utilization activities with a manner and location which regulated. Multiple-use zoning on the Great Barrier Reef of Australia has proven capable to handling the utilization conflicts of marine areas, nevertheless some of the zoning allows for enhanced Day 2002. Zoning of conservation area is a form of space utilization engineering through the boundaries establishment of functional that accordance with resource potential and carrying capacity and ecological processes that take place as a whole ecosystem PP No. 602007. MCA zoning may consist of four zones, specifically: 1 Core Zone, 2 Sustainable Fishery Zone, 3 Limited Use Zone, and 4 Other Zone. First, the Core Zone is an area for security purposes of resources, fishing activities and activities of collection the other marine resources including anchoring that absolutely not permitted, protection a unique andor susceptible coastal ecosystem to change and protection of culturaltraditional sites. At the core zone, are not all people to free out into the zone, except for research or education purposes moreover must have administrator permission. Second, the Sustainable Fisheries Zone is a zone that surrounds the core zone, intended for the protection of habitat where fishing activities are allowed in this zone, including environmentally friendly fishing, environmentally friendly mariculture, marine tourism, research and education. Next, the Limited Use Zone is a zone that is destined for marine tourism and recreation activities, protection of fish habitats and populations, research and development and education. Last, the Others Zone is the zone