-◆O㣪P: non-abrupt ending -㰖O㣪P:Ggentle questions and suggestions
6.4.4 -⓪㦖 䘎㧊┺
This expression of approximation ‘kind of…’ is useful in toning down a statement when pointing out characteristics that are negative. It diminishes the negative impact of the statement. Ὃ⯒ ⴑ䞮⓪ 䘎㧊㟒. vs. Ὃ⯒ ⴑ䟊. ͑ ͑ She’s sort of not good academically. ㎇ỿ㧊 ₢┺⪲㤊 䘎㧊┺. vs. ㎇ỿ㧊 ₢┺⫃┺. He’s kind of finicky. In general, -䘎㧊┺ is a convenient way of making one’s statement less assertive and less commital by not being specific. A: ⳆⓦⰂṖ 㧦㭒 㺔㞚 㢖㣪? Does your daughter-in-law come to see you often? B: 㧦㭒 㡺⓪ 䘎㧊㠦㣪. She kind of does. She tends to. A: 㰖☚ ᾦ㑮Ṗ 䂲㩞䞮┞? Is your academic supervisor nice? B: 㦧, ⁎⩆ 䘎㧊㟒. Yes, she is, kind of.6.4.5 -Ệ ṯ┺, -㦚₢ 䞮┺㕌┺
These are useful when it comes to softening the speaker’s assertion. 㦢㔳㧊 ⰱ㧊 㫖 Ṛ Ệ ṯ┺. I think that the food has gone bad. ⚦ ㌂⧢㧊 㔏㰚䞮₆ 㥚䟊 ㍲⪲ ἓ㨗䞮⓪ Ệ ṯ㞚㣪. I think that those two are competing to get promoted. ἓ₆Ṗ ⶊ㔏⪲ ⊳⋶ Ệ ṯ㦖◆㣪. I think that the game will end in a tie. 㩲 ㌳ṗ㠪 ἆ䢒㦚 㫎㠛 䤚⪲ ⹎⬾⓪ Ợ 㫡㰖 㞠㦚₢ 䞮⓪◆㣪. In my opinion, it might be better to postpone the wedding until after graduation. ㌂㠛㧦⁞ 㫖 ╖ 㭒㔺 㑮 㧞㦚₢ 䟊㍲ 㢪㔋┞┺. I came wondering whether you can help me with my business start-up fund. ⁎ 㧻ὖ㧊 ⌊㧒 ㌂㧚㦮㌂⯒ 䚲ⳛ䞮㰖 㞠㦚₢ 㕌㔋┞┺. I think that the Cabinet minister may express his intention to resign tomorrow. 7 Local dialects Throughout this book, we focus on Standard Korean 표준말, which is spoken by educated people in the Seoul area. However, a familiarity with non-standard dialects 사투리 is also useful because they are often encountered when traveling and in movies and TV dramas. This section offers a brief summary of the distinctive features of various of these dialects. Aside from the fact that the Ky ŏ ngsang dialect and the Hamgy ŏ ng dialect have tones – unlike all other varieties of Korean – the differences involve mainly verb endings and the way certain words are pronounced. In the examples of dialectal speech that follow, the standard Korean equivalents are provided in the right-hand column.7.1 Ch’ungch’ ŏng dialect 충청도 사투리
뭐여? 뭐야? 성, 그게 아니여. 형, 그게 아니야. Brother, that’s not it. 안녕하세유? 안녕하세요? 알것슈? 알겠어요? Do you get it? 진지 드셨슈? 진지 드셨어요? Have you eaten? 아니유, 안 먹었시유. 아니오, 안 먹었어요. No, I haven’t eaten. 어쩔 수 없어서 그랬나 벼. …그랬나 봐. Maybe she did it because she couldn’t help it.7.2 Ch ŏlla dialect 전라도 사투리
뭣 땀세? 무 때문에? Because of what? 그란디 그런데 그랑께 or 긍께 그러니까 거시기 그것, 저기거기 정말로 부탁한당께. 정말 부탁한다. I’m really counting on you. 방 당께요. 오매 반가운 거. 반가워요. 정말 반 다. So glad to see you. 안녕하신구라? 안녕하세요? 잘 계신당가요? 잘 계신가요? Is he doing well?Parts
» Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Speech samples Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Writing samples Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Subject honorification: the suffix -시
» Honorific nouns Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Honorific particles Use of honorifics in several basic expressions
» Non-use of honorific expressions in impersonal language
» Greetings Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Leave-taking Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Expressing and responding to gratitude
» Expressing condolences and encouragement
» Extending an invitation or making an offer Telephone expressions
» Congratulations and good wishes
» Fillers Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Interjections Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Use of questions in place of commands and proposals
» The verb: ♮┺ Softening with the help of special verbs
» -◆O㣪P: non-abrupt ending -㰖O㣪P:Ggentle questions and suggestions
» -ῂO㣪PaGGgentle questions and commands -⋮㣪, -㦖Ṗ㣪: gentle questions
» Ch’ungch’ ŏng dialect 충청도 사투리 Ch ŏlla dialect 전라도 사투리
» Vocabulary differences Spellingpronunciation differences
» Native Korean and Sino-Korean words
» Loan words Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Compounding Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Reduplication Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Prefixation Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Suffixes relating to the speaker’s perception and emotion
» Abbreviations Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Some recently created expressions
» Proverbs Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Idioms Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Expressions denoting feeling and touch 㦮㩫㠊
» Sino-Korean numbers .1 Sino-Korean cardinal numbers
» Native versus Sino-Korean numbers
» Action verbs versus descriptive verbs
» Intransitive verbs versus transitive verbs
» Special sub-types of intransitive verbs
» Special sub-types of transitive verbs
» Tense and aspect on sentence-final verbs
» Tense and aspect on non-final verbs
» Requests, suggestions, permission, and prohibition
» Obligation, ability, and possibility
» Degree Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Evidentiality Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» Special verb-endings expressing the speaker’s attitude
» How to negate statements and questions
» How to negate commands and proposals
» Negative form, but positive meaning
» Expressions that require negative verbs
» -㧊Ṗ Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» -㠦Ợ㍲䞲䎢㍲ Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» -㫆㹾 and -Ⱎ㩖 Kumpulan Buku E-book Gratis Pelajaran Bahasa Korea | Bahasa-Korea.com Using Korean
» How to express equality and similarity
» How to express proportions and gradation
» Combination of equal-status clauses
» Combination of unequal-status clauses
Show more