dorsata and T. itama bee bread composition

Bogor, 21-22 October 2015 572 dorsata and T. itama bee bread. The sample of A. dorsata bee bread was taken from 3 sialang trees in Sungai Pagar village. Sample of T. itama bee bread was picked up from Riau province Kampar district and West Sumatera Tanah Datar district. 2.3 Observed parameter a. Composition of A. dorsata`s bee bread proteins, lipids, fibre, ash, carbohydrate, and amino acids. b. Composition of T. itama`s bee bread amino acids. c. Phytochemical component of A. dorsata`s and T. itama`s bee bread qualitative. d. Crude protein of A. mellifera workers. e. Honey productivity of A. mellifera. 2.4 Data Analysis Analysis of variance was used to know the effect of A. dorsata`s bee bread to the crude protein of A. mellifera colonies and honey productivity. Value is given as mean average. Meanwhile, the data of composition of bee bread A. dorsata and T. itama that were collected were analyzed by qualitative. A. dorsata bee bread was qualitatively compared to A, mellifera`s bee pollen and T. itama`s bee pollen. In addition, the protein composition of A. dorsata`s and T. itama`s bee bread were also compared to other pollens from different plants and food products. Moreover, the phytochemical analysist was also qualitatively conducted to find the products in which has better phytochemical compound alkaloid, steroid, flavonoid, tanin, and saponin. 3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION 3.1

A. dorsata and T. itama bee bread composition

Laboratory analysis of A. dorsata bee bread showed that percentage of protein reached 13.82 wet weight and 19.96 dry weight, lipid 7.80 dry weight, fiber showed a value of 3.38 dry weight and 44.52 wet weight. All of components in A. dorsata bee bread are placed in the range given by Compos et al., 2008 Table 1. Table 1: Detailed composition of A. dorsatabee bread dried mass Main components Content of dry weight Test Result Range Result min-max Compos et al., 2008 Proteins 19.96 10 – 40 Lipids 7.80 1 – 13 Fibre 3.28 0.3 – 20 Ash Carbohydrate 5.94 25.60 2 – 6 15-33 Based on the amino acid analysis showed that A. dorsata and T. itama have 15 amino acids in which 7 of them are included in the group of essential amino acids histidine, methionine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, and lysine Table 2. Bee bread is built when pollen taken by the honey bee was stored in the combcells. When it mixed with honey, pollen will run into a lactic acid fermentation process in order to produce the material called bee bread. Because of fermentation by lactid bacteria, bee bread of A. dorsata contains high levels of vitamin E and K. As a result, it will enrich the composition of bee bread as the primary source of protein for honeybee colonies. On the other hand, vitamins and minerals that available on bee bread are also used by the bees to produce Bogor, 21-22 October 2015 573 enzymes, pheromones, venom, and a variety of catalysts which aid in biochemical reactions involved in metabolism. Moreover, based on the phytochemical analysis showed that of the five chemical parameters of A. dorsata`s and T. itama`s bee bread were identified, i.e alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins Table 3. Saponin is a compound in the form of glycosides in which are