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590 people in our community, but people still have an old paradigm which views agriculture as
only a matter of cultivation which merely produce commodity for self-consumption The number of floods, droughts, landslides and other natural disasters in tropical region have
prompted educators and practitioners in order to pack the integrated agricultural production cycle aspects of farmers, socio-economic, bio-physical, political, national-local policy-
international, impact livelihoods, productivity land, environmental sustainability, and risk analysis and trade system in providing the best solutions for national development. Land
degradation which reached 2.8 million hectares per year In Indonesia and is currently degraded land in Indonesia reached 59 million hectares Baplan, 2000 of providing the means
for the implementation of integrated farming systems. With Integrated farming agroforestry, so material and immaterial losses are not getting bigger, and even will increase land
productivity and their value of economic, environment and social-culture. While tropical soil is considered old soil and lack of nutrient, but, due to the high number and
distribution of water fall, air temperature, soil temperature, humidity, soil moisture regime and the supporting of the high activities of soil microorganism and the fastness of organic closed
cycles, the site productivity of the tropical land is relatively high. The utilization of land harmoniously by considering all composing elements is expected to provide the most
optimum advantages for the life of all human beings living on it Agus, 2006. By employing appropriate strategies, technologies and management, tropical areas should be managed to
have very high productivities and economic values as well as very high biomass production.
2. DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGRATED BIO-CYCLE FARMING SYSTEM
Integrated farming based agribusiness model was developed by KP4 UGM through ICM Integrated Crop Management, INM Integrated Nutrient Management, IMM Integrated
Soil Moisture Management and IPM Integrated Pest Management. The system has multifunctions and multi-products Food, Feed, Fuel, Fibre, Fertilizer, Pharmacy,
Edutainment, Eco-tourism. The system should collaborate and develop networking system between ABCG Academic, Business, Community and Government with economic,
environmental and socio-cultural approach as a characteristic of Education for Sustainable Development Agus, 2013. This model facilitates the learning needed to maintain and
improve our quality of life and the quality of life for generations. It is about equipping individuals, communities, groups, businesses and government to live and act sustainably; as
well as giving them an understanding of the environmental, social and economic issues involved. Integrated farming could support for better sustainable life and environment.
Integrated Bio-cycle Farming System IBFS is an alternative system of agriculture which harmoniously combines agricultural sectors, such as agriculture, horticulture, plantation,
animal husbandry, fisheries, forestry with non-agricultural aspects, such as settlements, agro- industry, tourism, industry which are managed based on landscape ecological management
under one integrated area. The drastic and significant innovation of IBFS is the introduction of digester and basin as well as pre-biotic organism in the process of organic compost waste
treatment. The IBFS have comprehensive characteristics compare to other integrated farming system,
namely: Low input farming, Organic Farming, Bio-dynamic Farming and Agroforestry system Table 1. The key characteristics of IBFS developed in UGM University Farm are i an
integration of agriculture and non-agriculture sector, ii value of environment, aesthetics and economics, iii rotation and diversity of plants, iv artificial and functional bio-technology,
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591 nanotechnology, pro-biotic, v management of closed organic cycle and integration in an
integrated area among ICM, IPM, IMM, INM, IVM, vi management of integrated bio- protection and ecosystem health management, vii landscape ecological management,
agropolitan concept, viii specific management of plant and ix holistic and integrated system Agus, 2013.
Table 1: Key characteristics of various types of sustainable agricultural system
Low Input Integrated
Organic Farming Bio-Dynamic
Agroforestry Integrated Bio-Cycle
Integration of advantageous natural
process Integration of land,
environment and health of human
beings Management of
organism which optimize quality of
land, plants, animal and human health
Integrate of Wood and herbal plants
Integration of agriculture and non-agriculture
sector
Adding environmental values
Natural fertilizer. Environmental
values Economic values
Environmental values
Value of environment, aesthetics and economics
Plant rotation Plant rotation,
diversification and ideal space
Plant rotation, diversification and
ideal space Spatial diversities
type crop Rotation and diversity of
plants Impact of minimum
land management Adequacy of N
through fixation -N Adequacy of N
through fixation N, Special preparation
for improvement of land quality and
living plants Plant variation and
pastoral system Artificial and functional
Bio-technology, nanotechnology, pro-
biotic
The use of chemical fertilizer
Prohibition on treatment of plants
and fertilizer Prohibition on
treatment of plants and fertilizer
Fertilization on agricultural plants,
the use of cycle in forest plants
Management of closed organic cycle and
integration in an integrated area among
ICM, IPM, IMM, INM, IVM
The use of pesticide Management of
traditional animal Management of
traditional animal Management of
integrated bio-protection and ecosystem health
management General principle
Principle of grouping units
Principle of grouping units
General principle Landscape ecological
management, agropolitan concept
Specific management of plants
Specific management of plants
Specific management of plants
Specific management of plants
Specific management of plant
Semi-traditional Natural
Integrated Traditional
Holistic and integrated Stockdale Cookson
2003, Chan, 2006 IFOAM 1998,
Koept et al 1976, Stockdale
Cookson 2003 Agus 2006 , 2013
IBFS is expected to be one alternative solution for improving land productivity, program development and environmental conservation and rural development in an integrated
management. They will meet with the expected basic need at short-, medium- and long- term for food, clothing and shelter. Agricultural and fishery products are expected to meet short-
term life, while livestock and fruits can be used for medium-term living. Sales of crops and forest products could assign to pay school fees, hospital, circumcision celebration, marriage
and other long-term needs. Thus, IBFS could provide income at daily-, monthly-, yearly- and
decade’s term for farmers. Integrated crop management in a small land equivalent to the farmers land ownership 1000-
2000 m
2
, with the agricultural zone rice, corn, soybeans and forestry zone gliricidae, jackfruit, forage fodder increased biomass productivity and economic value for 20-40 more.
Greater improvement could be obtained on dry land compared to wetlands. The contribution
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592 of soil biological activity in suppressing pest and nutrient absorption, improved efficiency by
plants is also very important for profitable agricultural production systems and environmentally friendly Abbott and Murphy, 2003. Stability of habitat space and supply of
organic waste and soil organic matter is basic biological aspect to improve soil fertility. Integrated Food and Feed Management IFM is applied by complete nutritional standards
and quality, namely completed burger feed, that made from organic waste that has a high nutritional value. Burger feed for cattle and fish combine with fresh fodder, have been able to
increase 30 significantly the productivity of livestock and fish and relatively uniform.
Figure 1: Development of Gama Food in UGM University Farm Integrated nutrient management INM is applied by the empowerment of nutrient cycling,
biological fertilizer green manure, compost manure, and green fertilizer. Rice production increased 30-
50, from 5.5 tonsha to 8.5 tonha by compost’s addition at 3 tonha Agus, 2013. Meanwhile, maize production has increased by 3.5 tons ha to 6.5 tons ha, or an
increase of 86 from conventional farming systems. A very drastic increasing in production can be attained by a very simple technology.
Integrated pest management conducted with the use of bio-pesticides and the use of natural enemies to control pests, weeds and diseases. Integrated moisture management IMM is
applied by technical and non-
technical irrigation, rain fed, ditches, puddles innings, τsurjan” system, drip system, infuse system, jointly and severally wells and pump wells, for moisture
regime management at famine season, so they can harvest with higher prices Agus, 2006, 2013.
Development FOOD GAMA in KP4 UGM Yogyakarta was implemented through 5A program, which consists of: Agro-production, Agro-business, Agro-technology, Agro-
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593 industry, and Agro-tourism. Accelerated optimal growth was supported by genetic
improvement and environmental manipulation Agus, 2013.
3. IBFS FOR GREEN PROSPERITY
