STUDY AREA AND METHOD

Bogor, 21-22 October 2015 733 the construction of harbor complex. The development of this area would also be followed by the increased migration and land demands for settlement. Another main cause of mangrove degradation in Telang PF is conversion into ponds which is carried out by local community who settled in the surrounding area since 1970s as well as migrants generally derived from Lampung and Java. Until 2010, the pond area was estimated about 320 ha Kunarso, et al., 2013 and the conversion is still continuing recently. The conversion of mangroves to the ponds is one of the largest contributors of mangrove forest destruction Valiela et al., 2001; Primavera, 2006; Ilman, et al., 2011. The destruction of mangrove forests would lead to the changes of ecological condition of coastal area due to the loss of forest cover. Therefore, rehabilitation of the area converted by pond is needed in order to restore its function as mangrove forest as well as to avoid pond expansion. Since the pond have already managed by local community yearly, it will be unfeasible to rehabilitate pond without people involvement. Hence, an approach of fish farming and mangrove conservation concurrently, named silvofishery has been introduced in this area. Silvofishery is a form of low input aquaculture integrating mangrove tree culture with brackishwater aquaculture Surtida, 2000. Silvofishery was arranged to provide sustainable fishery management. This system provides better chance for mangrove growth as well as better fish production. Thus, fish production could be increased without affecting further damage to mangrove and coastal ecosystem. The objective of this study is to determine the appropriate rehabilitation method that would be implemented in the pond area controlled by local community. Hence, mangrove rehabilitation in Telang PF can be implemented without conflicting with local community.

2. STUDY AREA AND METHOD

Telang PF is located in the coastal area north of Palembang, capital city of South Sumatra Province. Administratively, it is situated in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra Figure 1. The coastal village adjacent to the forest is Muara Sungsang which is inhabited by Buginese and migrants from neighboring provinces. The village residents are heavily dependent on coastal resources for survival and livelihood. Aside from fish, most families gather crabs, shellfishes, shrimps and other marine products for subsistence as well as for sale to local markets. Other families gather firewood from mangrove areas for another livelihood. Historically, Telang area has been open access resource with unrestricted entry to the area even though some of it has been declared as protection forest. The open access resource and lack of law enforcement efforts fostered mangrove cutting and fishpond development. The study consists of three steps including soil properties assessment, trial planting, and growth data collection. Soil properties assessment is needed to decide appropriate species for trial planting. Soil sample is a composite of soil taken from five sampling points on 0-20 cm depth. Soil analysis was carried out in the laboratory of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sriwijaya. Trial planting was done in November 2013 by using empang parit model, a traditional model of silvofishery developed in Indonesia. The modification has been made in term of planting spacing into 5 x 6 and 5 x 12 m. The use of relatively wide spacing is mainly based on negotiation with the farmer. Species planted are R. apiculata and B. gymnorrhiza with average height of seedling are about 28.20 cm and 31.98 cm, while the diameters are 5.33 mm and 4.43 mm respectively. Growth data collection has been conducted 10 months after planting including diameter and height measurement, survival rate calculation, and pest Bogor, 21-22 October 2015 734 observation. The pest founded was bagworms and its attack intensity was calculated based on Natawigena 1994. All those data is needed for plant growth evaluation. Figure 1: Location of study area

3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION