PENDAHULUAN TINJAUAN LITERATUR TENTANG STRUKTUR, PERILAKU DAN KINERJA PASAR TINJAUAN TENTANG MINYAK DAN LEMAK DUNIA, PERDAGANGAN SERTA INDUSTRI MINYAK SAWIT

i DAFTAR ISI Halaman DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................... v DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................. ix DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .............................................................. x

I. PENDAHULUAN

1.1. Latar Belakang ·································································· 1 1.2. Perumusan Masalah ························································· 5 1.3. Tujuan Penelitian ······························································ 11 1.4. Manfaat Penelitian ···························································· 12 1.5. Ruang Lingkup Penelitian ················································· 12 1.6. Keterbatasan Penelitian ···················································· 13

II. TINJAUAN LITERATUR TENTANG STRUKTUR, PERILAKU DAN KINERJA PASAR

2.1. Pendahuluan ··································································· 14 2.2. Model dan Perspektif ”Harvard Tradition” ························ 14 2.3. Model dan Perspektif ”Chicago UCLA-School” ················ 19 2.4. Model dan Perspektif ”Contestable Market” ····················· 20 2.5. Model dan Perspektif ”Game Theory” ······························ 22 2.6. Model dan Perspektif ”New-Harvard Tradition” ················ 25 2.7. Model dan Perspektif ”Strategic Behavior” dari Martin ····· 29 2.8. Tinjauan tentang Metodologi ··········································· 31 2.9. Kerangka Pemikiran ························································ 31

III. TINJAUAN TENTANG MINYAK DAN LEMAK DUNIA, PERDAGANGAN SERTA INDUSTRI MINYAK SAWIT

MALAYSIA DAN INDONESIA 3.1. Tinjauan tentang Minyak dan Lemak Dunia ···················· 35 3.1.1. Produksi ································································· 37 3.2.2. Konsumsi ······························································· 40 ii 3.2. Perdagangan ·································································· 40 3.2.1. Impor ···································································· 43 3.2.2. Ekspor ·································································· 45 3.2.3. Cadangan ····························································· 49 3.3. Isu-isu dalam Perdagangan Produk Pertanian Global ···· 51 3.3.1. Distorsi Perdagangan Bebas dan Proteksi ··········· 52 3.3.2. Subsidi Produksi dan Subsidi Ekspor ··················· 53 3.3.3. Isu Keanekaragaman Hayati dan Lingkungan ······ 59 3.3.4. Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia ···························· 61 3.3.5. Asosiasi Perdagangan ASEAN ····························· 64 3.4. Perkembangan Industri Minyak Kelapa Sawit dan Produk Industri Kelapa Sawit Malaysia ···························· 65 3.4.1. Luas Areal Tanam ················································ 65 3.4.2. Produksi Minyak Kelapa Sawit Malaysia ·············· 70 3.4.3. Industri Pengolahan Minyak Kelapa sawit Malaysia 73 3.4.4. Konsumsi Minyak Sawit Malaysia ························· 74 3.4.5. Perdagangan Minyak Kelapa Sawit Malaysia ······· 76 3.4.6. Kebijakan Harga dan Pajak ·································· 82 3.5. Industri Kelapa Sawit Indonesia ······································· 83 3.5.1. Produksi Minyak Sawit Indonesia pada Pasar Dunia ···································································· 86 3.5.2. Produksi ································································ 87 3.5.3. Konsumsi ······························································ 88 3.5.4. Ekspor ·································································· 97

IV. METODOLOGI PENELITIAN