14 15
2.4. Nozzle angle position
The length of arm nozzle must be the longer than radius of the wheel. The nozzle position is always outside of radius of the wheel and centre point wheel the same with point butt of
nozzle arm. The angle α is the angle between arm nozzle with the nozzle itself. The magnitude of value angle α is such as -10
o
, 0
o
, 10
o
and 20
o
. Range of angle α is α 90° and the nozzle direction always toward into the blades of wheel.
Figure 5. Position of nozzle engles
3. Experiment Result
The arm nozzle can be occupied the position at P1 until P17.The angle of arm nozzle is increased every 5
o
with midpoint at P9 angle 0
o
. Figure 4 shows that from the mid point to right the negative sign and to left the positive sign. The experiments were performed by placing the
arm nozzle at point P1, nozzle in a parallel position with the arm nozzle. The system is run, if the wheel is spinning observed and RPM measured with tachometer. According results of observation
of wheel, The wheel does not rotate at position P1, P2, P3, P4. Wheel starts to spinning at P5 with the RPM 40.758 until 58.425 RPM at P16. The graph results of measurement RPM of the position
of angle Nozzle is shown in Figure 6.
Figure 6. The RPM of water wheel based on position nozzle Conditions M3 shows the active area of the water wheel running is at position P1 until P14. The
highest RPM Conditions is M3 at 0.60691 P14, and the lowest at P1 with RPM 32.791.Conditions M5 shows the active region of the waterwheel is in position P1 until P13, produces the highest RPM
about 51.4166 P12, and the lowest RPM at P1 with RPM 38.8666.Conditions M7 shows that the water wheel spinning with the active region from position P1 until P11, with a peak of RPM 38
008, and the bottommost of 32,241 at P3. This suggests that the waterwheel spins faster when the position of nozzle placed on position at P10, P11, P12, P14, P15 and P16, and the best condition is
at position P15 resulted RPM about 68.3166.
Experiments with the angle nozzle, by placing the arm of nozzle on the position angle nozzle arm at P1 until P17. The next step is adjusted the value of angle nozzle between the nozzle arm
with the nozzle itself each angle -10
o
, 0
o
, 10
o
, 20
o
. nozzle position on top of blades with angle nozzle the same with 0
o
is meaning the nozzle and nozzle arm is parallel. The next step is repeated for a junction angle 10
o
, 10
o
, 20
o
. The measurement of the RPM results with change the angle nozzle can be seen in Figure 7.With the turbine width 12 cm, length of nozzle 8 cm and variety of angle nozzle
with -10
o
, 0
o
, 10
o
and 20
o
, the RPM measurement of water wheels is shown in igure 7. The principle in this experiment is measurement RPM of water wheel is base on the changes of the magnitude of
angle nozzle. Measurement of the angle -10
o
, will be produces the highest RPM at 79.1333 and the lowest at 22,458. The change of the nozzle angle affects signiicantly on P13 until P17. The results
of the experiment of the change of the nozzle angle is inluence signiicant of the RPM of water wheel only occur at an angle 20
o
until 35
o
. Detail is shown at Figure 8.
Figure 7. The RPM of weterwheel base on nozzle angles
Figure 8. RPM of overshot water wheel nozzle angle position
16 17
4. Conclusion
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