W e Books 27 Esser Mead Phonology Mori

i-kita aku ‘he sees me’ i-kita-ko ‘he sees you’ i-kita-o ‘he sees him, her, it’ i-kita kita ‘he sees us inclusive’ i-kita kami ‘he sees us exclusive’ i-kita komiu ‘he sees you all, he sees you polite’ i-kita ira ‘he sees them, he sees him, her polite’ In certain cases an n occurs preceding o. This n is the original final consonant of the word in question, which— though at present otherwise lost—has remained preserved preceding the suffix o. This is the case with the suffix -ako Javanese –ak n, for example ku-tiso-ako-no ‘I showed him it’ and with mongkaa ‘eat’, stem kaan, thus u-kaa-no ‘you eat it’, etc. 7 These cases shall be treated as exceptional in the present work. 8 It must be further noted that in the Impo dialect when o and iro indicate the subject, in general they appear to be attached without any intervening glottal, and as object with glottal; but in Molio’a as a rule in both cases with glottal. Next to glottal stop, ng is also sometimes encountered, for example Impo ku-polele-ngo 1 SG -spread-3 SG ‘I brought it news over’ stem lele, Bugis, Makasarese id. in the same contexts also ngiro and ngaku, pronominal suffixes of respectively the third person plural and first person singular..

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ITH TRANSITIVE VERBS WITH DEFINITE OBJECT , IN ORDER TO INDICATE THE OBJECT . The pronouns aku, ko, etc. occur as object in the following sentences: po-tuwu aku CAUS -live 1 SG ‘let me live’ borono i-potae i Bange: aku n[um]ahu-ko, Bibiundi then 3 SG -say PN Monkey 1 SG . FUT PART :cook-2 SG Wild.Duck ‘then Monkey said: I’m going to cook you, Wild Duck’ gagi motae i Tehu: isua nde tuu ka thus PART :say PN Rat where PTCL be.there and ku-ronge-o nganga-mu 1 SG -hear-3 SG voice-2 SG . POS ‘then Rat said: Well, come on, let me hear your voice once’ lit. ‘…that I hear it your voice’ nahi moiko ke ba to-kaa-kaa-no? NEG good INTERROG if 1 PLN - REDP -eat-3 SG ‘Is it not allowed to taste it?’ borono i-kaa ira i Ngeo then 3 SG -eat 3 PL PN Cat ‘then Cat ate them up’ tabulu in-ehe-mu, aiwa-mo tonda kami if PASS -want-2 SG . POS come- PERF follow 1 PLX ‘when you will, come then and follow us’ go then together with us 7 [Postscript, p. 97] One can well also say u-kaa-o etc. 8 [footnote 1, p. 97] In the dialects various inserted consonants occur with the attachment of o, etc., namely glottal stop, ng, and h. As far as we are not dealing here with original final consonants, these sounds are to be considered of secondary origin through phonetic phenomena or by analogy, an hypothesis which is further strengthened when one considers the suffixes -a and -ako; see respectively §§ 380 and 388. In certain cases an object pronoun does not occur where one might be expected. A prime case is motae ‘say’, which takes on the airs of a transitive verb when it occurs at the beginning of a sentence compare Chapter 5 and § 151, for example: i-potae bange andio: tewala kanatuu, Puu-puu, 3 SG -say monkey this when like.that Pigeon io bou-mu-mo koa ku-’ala-o CN fish-2 SG . POS - PERF just 1 SG -get-3 SG ‘the monkey said: In that case, Pigeon, I’ll take your fish’ next to cases in which just the participle form occurs: motae i Su’ului-manu andio: … PART :say PN Egg-chicken this ‘Chicken Egg said: …’ Although one can consider the verb ‘say’ to notionally lie between transitive and intransitive, nevertheless i-potae ‘he said…’, do-potae ‘they said…’, etc.—where such occur sentence initially—are not to be interpreted as transitive. A form such as i-potae could by way of exception have originated via straightforward ‘transposition’ from potae-no ‘his saying was…’ see Chapter 5. Possibly such forms originally didn’t occur at the beginning, compare: humbee moiko, i-potae i Bange, po-liwo-mo ka to-lako yes good 3 SG -say PN Monkey TRI -pack- PERF and 1 PLN -go ‘Well good, said the Monkey. Make everything ready, so that we can go.’ Next to motae stands ko’aro-’aroa ‘think’, which is constructed in entirely the same way, thus ku-ko’aro-’aroa ‘I think…’, etc. next to ko’aro-’aroa aku, etc.; the forms ko’aro-’aroa-o and ko’aro-’aroa alone appear not to be customary. [p. 98] The verbs which mean ‘able’, ‘willing’, ‘dare to’, and the such occupy a separate position. Many languages treat them as intransitives Jonker 1911:287–288, and Mori is similar. Some equivalents of these notions occur only in certain positions or collocations especially with the negative. An object is not indicated. Examples are: 9 nahi kubuku 10 ‘I will not’ nahi ku-buku l[um]ako NEG 1 SG -will PART :go ‘I will not go’ nahi kubehe, nahi ku’ehe 11 ‘I will not’ 9 [Postscript, p. 98] Strictly speaking, the words kakaha ‘will’ and sapa and taha ‘dare’ are adjectives; they can however be mentioned in this connection in that they connect up in meaning with the verbs. 10 [Postscript, p. 98] The transitive stem mobuku also occurs in Tinompo in the sense of ‘be up to a task’, for example: nahi buku-o gagi kapala NEG up.to-3 SG become village.head ‘he’s not up to being head of the village’ [footnote 2, p. 98] Compare Molio’a ka kubuku’o ‘I cannot do it’, Napu nabuku ‘he can do it’. One must suppose a connection with wuku ‘bone’ seat of power, compare Pamona membuku stem wuku ‘do one’s best’, Napu parimbuku ‘do your best’. 11 [from main text, p. 98] Next to the intransitive umehe, and transitive mo’ehe, umehe’o ‘like it, find pleasure in, be content with’, etc. see §§ 221–222, as in respectively: nahi kukakaha ‘I will not’ nahi kusapa, nahi kutaha ‘I dare not’ na-m-i hori mbo’u sapa l[um]ako mon-saku asa-’asa-no NEG - PERF -3 SG ever again dare PART :go PART : TRI -chip.sago REDP -one-3 SG . POS ‘from that time on he no longer dared at all to go sago chipping by himself’ In Padoe one has similar forms of the stem poli, for example: la ku-poli meleluako NEG 1 SG -able PART :move.oneself ‘I cannot move myself’ [Padoe] In Tinompo one uses such a form WITH