e.
36. In general e must be considered as non-original. To be sure, one can cite words such as dede ‘line, row’,
Javanese, Malay jejer, in which the e must already be very old, nevertheless one finds a doublet form back in Pamona jijiri, Makasarese jijiri’. The vowel e
IS
to be considered original in onomatopoetic words and interjections. Examples are:
see-see, sesee, the sound made by sword grass as one moves through it kere-kere, kekere, a weak, rustling sound, such as when a mouse moves through the rice in a rice barn or
between paper hee, an impolite reaction, when one is called or summoned by someone; also used as the equivalent of our
‘eh?’, ‘what?’ ee, repeated many times to call pigs
bembe, an onomatopoetic word for ‘goat’ Pu’u-mboto, Ampana, Makasarese, Bugis id., Tontemboan membe’
tirioe, a bird, named after the sound which it makes Pamona tirieo
37. Very often e has originated from i. Examples are:
the prefixes
me-, pe-, te-, ke- from mi-, pi-, ti-, ki-
49
towue ‘bamboo piece used for blowing on a fire’, from the stem wui, which in Pamona means ‘blow’ tengke, as in tengke mate ‘death song’, next to tingke ‘round dance with song’ see J. Kruyt 1924:173 ff.,
207 ff. epie and ipie Upper Mori ‘long’ of time
elu-’elu ‘orphan’, Pamona ilu mopute ‘white’, Malay putih
rere ‘wall’, Malay dinding, Pamona rindi tesebe or tesibi ‘damaged along the edge’ of plates and the such
Sampalowo peha and Tinompo piho, a kind of small sore
one ‘gravel’, Old Javanese hĕni, Acehnese anòe wone ‘rice grit, rice waste’, Old Javanese wĕni
monsela Molio’a ‘tear off’ of corn from the cob, compare Pamona sila ‘split, cleave’ The same is true of borrowed words in the stressed syllable, just as in Bugis, e.g. sema’ulu or sima’ulu ‘burden,
tax’, oleo menggu or oleo minggu ‘Sunday’.
49
[footnote 1, p. 32] See Adriani 1911:354–355. Compare in addition mi- next to me- in Mamuju Adriani Kruyt 1914:150, and Mandar titeme ‘urinate’, titai ‘defecate’ Adriani Kruyt 1914:158, next to Mori te’eme and teta’i.
Where e reflects an original ĕ, one must likewise suppose that it originated via i compare § 40. So for example
in: montele ‘swallow’, Karo Batak tĕlĕn
mompeha ‘break’, Malay pĕcah monsumbele ‘slaughter by cutting through the neck’, Malay sĕmbĕleh
monsengu ‘prick with the stinger’, Malay sĕngat mobeta ‘pull down e.g. a house, cut open a path’, Philippine bĕtak Tagalog bitak, Bisaya botak
mapeda ‘give a burning pain’, Malay pĕdas Where e corresponds with Malayo-Polynesian y, this likewise originated via i; examples are:
buaea ‘crocodile’, Malayo-Polynesian buaya poea, name of a tree, Pamona poya
eosi, name of a tree, Pamona yosi bantaea, a kind of large hut, Pamona bantaya
soeowu ‘carpenter bee’, Pamona soyowu kaea ‘rich’, Malay kaya
[p. 33]
38. Often e has originated from a. This especially goes for Upper Mori Adriani 1900:295, but various
