Machi ne; kueye-kueye. ‗The boy is going to go quickly.‘

234 Telling Stories Examples 1. Machi nanga ua ukcha; nanga. 106 ‗The boy gave Mother the fish.‘ 2. Machi Panamabal ne; Panamabal. ‗The boy is going to go to Panama.‘ Similarly, when a peripheral element is modified by an adjective, the noun, adjective and suffix may all be repeated in the postpredicate position. Examples 1. Tad machi tummadga es ukcha; machi tummadga . ‗The elder gave the machete to the big boy.‘ 2. Ome choneg tummadzhe nad; choneg tummadzhe . ‗The woman went to the big cookhouse.‘ Exercise 7 . Postpredicate position peripheral element repetition frame drill The teacher says Sentence 1 and the student repeats it; the teacher says Sentence 2 and the student repeats it, etc. This exercise should be repeated several times. Example Teacher: Ome macheredga ua tus; macheredga. Student: Ome macheredga ua tus; macheredga. 1. Ome macheredga ua tus; macheredga. ‗The woman cooked fish for her husband.‘ 2. Machi chapurbal arpi; chapurbal. ‗The boy has been to the jungle.‘ 3. Wag teal akar tani; teal akar. ‗The outsider has come from downriver.‘ 4. Machi aktegalgin ua makcha; aktegalgin. ‗The boy speared the fish with his punt.‘ 5. Mu negzhe nad; negzhe. ‗The old lady went home.‘ Exercise 8 . Postpredicate position peripheral element repetition drill The teacher says the sentence and the student repeats it adding the peripheral element in the postpredicate position. Example Teacher: Machi nanga ua ukcha. Student: Machi nanga ua ukcha; nanga. 1. Machi nanga ua ukcha. ‗The boy gave his mother the fish.‘ 2. Machi igalbal koe takcha. ‗The boy saw a deer on the trail.‘ 3. Kukualed Panama akar tani. ‗The plane is coming from Panama.‘ 4. Machi yal pirzhe nad. ‗The boy went to the top of the hill.‘ 5. Machi esgin mas chikcha. ‗The boy cut the plantains with a machete.‘ Likewise, the subject may be restated, either in the long or short form. When the sentence is an assertion about the identity of the subject, one of the topic marking suffixes -din-tin or -de-te tends to be attached, as in Sentences 3 and 4 of Exercise 9. Examples 1. Pab ye; paba. ‗Father is sick.‘ 2. Nan mas chikti; nan. ‗Mother cut plantains.‘ Exercise 9 . Postpredicate position subject repeated frame drill The teacher says Sentence 1 and the student repeats it; the teacher says Sentence 2 and the student repeats it, etc. This exercise should be repeated several times. 106 The distinction between sentences 1 and 2 below is very slight:

1. Machi ua ukcha; nanga. ‗The boy gave the fish to Mother.‘

2. Machi nanga ua ukcha; nanga. ‗The boy gave Mother the fish.‘

Sentence 2 places a somewhat stronger emphasis on the indirect object than does Sentence 1. 17.4 Grammar 235 Example Teacher: Kukualed nade; kukualed. Student: Kukualed nade; kukualed. 1. Kukualed nade; kukualed. ‗The airplane left went.‘ 2. Pab ye; pab. ‗Father is sick.‘ 3. Mude, kachi chomnai; mude. ‗The old lady is making a hammock.‘ 4. Omedin mas tunai; omedin. ‗The woman on the other hand is cooking food.‘ 5. Urpa ina kobdani; urpa. ‗The younger sisterbrother has come to drink medicine.‘ Exercise 10 . Postpredicate position subject repeated drill The teacher says the sentence and the student repeats it repeating the subject in the postpredicate position. The teacher then repeats the correct answer after the student. This exercise should be repeated several times. Example Teacher: Wag nade. Student: Wag nade; waga. Teacher: Wag nade; waga. 1. Wag nade. ‗The outsider left.‘ 2. Pab anka es ukcha. ‗Father gave me the machete.‘ 3. Machi ob chunad. ‗The boy went to fetch corn.‘ 4. Nandin chi. ‗Mother on the other hand is at home.‘ 5. Yannu nas. ‗The peccaries passed by.‘ Similarly, either the long or short form of the direct object may be used in the postpredicate position, but the use of the long form in the main part of the sentence occurs only when an adult is speaking to a very small child. Examples 1. An ob chune; ob. ‗I am going to fetch corn.‘ 2. An ob chune; oba. ‗I am going to fetch corn.‘ 3. An oba chune; oba. ‗I am going to fetch corn baby talk.‘ Exercise 11 . Postpredicate position object repetition frame drill The teacher says Sentence 1 and the student repeats it; the teacher says Sentence 2 and the student repeats it, etc. This exercise should be repeated several times. Example Teacher: An ob chune; ob. Student: An ob chune; ob. 1. An ob chune; ob. ‗I am going to fetch corn.‘ 2. Machi arri amine; arri. ‗The boy is going to hunt iguana.‘ 3. An arki makne; arki. ‗I am going to spear huacuco.‘ 4. Tad ul chobzha; ulu. ‗The elder made a canoe.‘ 5. Ome mol makcha; mola. ‗The woman sewed a blouse.‘ Exercise 12 . Postpredicate position object repetition drill The teacher says the sentence and the student repeats it, repeating the object in the postpredicate position. Example Teacher: An ob chune. Student: An ob chune; ob. 1. An ob chune. ‗I am going to fetch corn.‘ 2. Machi palu pakcha. ‗The boy bought salt.‘ 3. Pun ua kucha. ‗The girl ate fish.‘ 4. Mu kachi chomne. ‗The old lady is going to make a hammock.‘ 5. Machi tagar chwane. ‗The boy is going to gather thatch.‘