kobed LCDD 14 Paya Kuna. LCDD 14 Paya Kuna

18.4 Grammar 247 18.4.1.2 Addition of suffixes to nominalized verb form Any noun suffixes may be added to the nominalized verb form. Examples 1. An ul nudajadgin nad. ‗I went in the canoe which had been repaired.‘ 2. An tule sae nonikidbak nad. ‗I went with the person who arrived yesterday.‘ Exercise 4 . Nominalization suffix -d frame drill The teacher says Sentence 1 and the student repeats it; the teacher says Sentence 2 and the student repeats it, etc. This exercise may be repeated several times. Example Teacher: Machi esgin chiklejad noni. Student: Machi esgin chiklejad noni. 1. Machi esgin chiklejad noni. ‗The boy who was cut with a machete arrived.‘ 2. ¿Pe immal uked nika? ‗Do you have things to sell? Do you have something which is to sell?‘ 3. Mas nugu kulleged an pakcha. ‗I bought delicious food. I bought food which tastes good.‘ 4. An tule nonikidbak nad. ‗I went with the one who arrived.‘ 5. Pe chogchadyob an imas. ‗I did it as you said. I did it like that which you said.‘ Exercise 5 . Nominalization suffix -d substitution drill The teacher selects one of the phrases below and says it. The student substitutes the -d form of the phrase in the frame. This exercise should be repeated several times. Example Teacher: ua kuchamala Student: An ua kuchamalad takcha. Frame An ____ takcha. ‗I saw the one whowhich ____.‘ 1. ua kuchamala ‗they ate fish‘ 2. motor onane ‗causes the outboard to run‘ 3. immal uk ‗sell something‘ 4. ul pakcha ‗bought a canoe‘ 5. immal aturchas 108 ‗stole something‘ 6. ti nos 108 ‗river rose‘

18.4.2 Positional verb of motion Ex. 6 In Lesson 6, the positional verbs mai

‗to be lying‘, chi ‗to be sitting‘, nai ‗to be hanging‘, kwichi ‗to be standing ‘, and un ‗to be on all fours‘ are discussed. These five verbs all refer to a stationary position. When a position involves movement, the positional verb ti ‗to have been somewhere‘ is used. 109 Example Chapurbal an ti. ‗I have been to the jungle.‘ Exercise 6 . Positional verb of motion ti ‗to have been somewhere‘ stimulus response drill The teacher asks Question 1 and the student replies using the positional verb of motion ti ‗to have been somewhere ‘. 108 The suffix -d always attaches on to the long form of the previous suffix, e.g., aturchasaturchaja becomes aturchajad and nosnoja becomes nojad. 109 The positional verb ti ‗to have been somewhere‘ is used in the past; tio ‗to be going to be somewhere‘ in the future; and ta ‗to go about doing habitually‘ in an habitual sense.