-VMU Affixes and affix-combinations

10 DERIVATIONAL MORPHOLOGY 307 lambu-ku-mo that is my house lambu house ka-gholi-no-mo that is what she bought gholi buy ka-mate-ha-no-mo that is the reason he mate die, dead died d. Base is a personal pronoun; same function as under c: inodi-mo it is I, I am the one inodi I ihintu-mu it is you, you are the ihintu you one With semantic specialization: anoa-mo that is right; that is it anoa he,she e. Base is a demonstrative derivation: awatu-ha-e-mo there it is watu that f. Base is a prepositional phrase. With the prepositions bhe with, so for and peda like the suffix is added to the preposition. Otherwise, it is suffixed to the noun or pronoun following the preposition. The preposition so, when affixed with -mo, is disyllabic. Again, -mo signals emphasis. soo-mo inodi for me inodi I bhe-mo anoa with him anoa he,she peda-mo anagha like that anagha that ne watu-mo it is over there watu that ampa na ini-mo it is up to here ini this g. -mo also occurs in a large number of adverbs and conjunctions; sometimes with a clear difference in meaning negators, in other cases in free variation with forms without -mo, and in still other cases the form with -mo is the only possible form: miina-mo no more miina not pae-mo will no more pae will not dadiha-no-mo so, therefore dadi-ha-no so, there- fore sumano-mo if only sumano if only sio-sio-mo hopefully ampa-mo only, merely tantu-mo of course kau-kau-mo seemingly, as if also kau-kau-no-mo pooli-mo much more mingkino-mo nevertheless

10.2.30. -VMU

The pluralizing suffix -Vmu occurs on several bases. The V stands for an echo vowel, the last vowel of the base which is repeated in the suffix. -Vmu is the shape of the morpheme in the Katobu subdialect which forms the basis of this grammar; in Tongkuno and Kabawo the shape is -omu. 308 A GRAMMAR OF THE MUNA LANGUAGE The meaning of this morpheme is to pluralize second person in opposition to singular and first person inclusive in opposition to dual. a. Base is a free pronoun: ihintu-umu you plural ihintu you intaidi-imu we intaidi we dual b. Base is a noun or participle with possessive inflection. With the first person inclusive -nto, the suffix -Vmu is regularly added; with the second person, -mu is replaced by -Vmu: lambu-nto-omu our inc house lambu-nto our dual house doi-imu your pl money doi-mu your money ne-ghondo-hi-imu what you pl are ghondo-hi look for looking for ne-fetingke-emu what you pl have heard fetingke hear c. Base is verbal. Plurality refers to the subject, which is second person also in imperatives. kala-amu go pl kala go piki-suli-imu come pl quickly home suli return o-didiu-kanau-umu you pl disturb me didiu disturb o-waa-anda-amu you have given them waa give With first person inclusive adhortatives and imperatives the plurality also refers to the subject: do-fumaa-ghoo-omu let us pl eat fumaa eat do-ala-e-ghoo-omu let us pl take it ala take do-po-sabha-sabhangka-amu let us pl be sabhangka friend friends d. Base is verbal. Plurality refers to the object which is second person - ko, -angko or the firstsecond form -kaeta. no-wora-ko-omu he sees you pl wora see no-waa-angko-omu he gives you pl waa give a-[m]ealai-kaeta-amu I ask your polite pl fealai ask per- permission to leave mission to leave The combination of the perfective -mo with the pluralizing -Vmu gives the form -Vmoo in the Katobu subdialect, but -omuo in Tongkuno and Kabawo. The Katobu form has contracted the vowels: o-kala-amoo Katobu you pl have already kala go gone TongkunoKabawo: o-kala-omuo 10 DERIVATIONAL MORPHOLOGY 309 10.2.31. MPO- + REDUPLICATION