Types of attributes Attributes
5.9. Attributes
5.9.1. Types of attributes
In addition to the modifiers dealt with so far, such as article, demonstrative, numeral and quantifier, there are a number of other modifications of the noun phrase, which I have called attributes. These involve phrases and clauses that will be discussed at some other point and therefore they are only mentioned briefly here. These attributes are: 1. relative clause see 9.1 for the various types of relative clauses: 277 mie k[um]ala-no ne watu ama-ku person go-A.PART loc that father-my the man going there is my father 278 liwu ka-lente-ha-no o Wolio the land where he was born is land NOM-born-LOC-his ART Buton Buton 2. prepositional phrase, indicating location, direction, purpose and so on see Chapter 6: 279 daoa we Raha the market in Raha market loc Raha 280 wamba ne ina-ku the word spoken to my mother word loc mother-my 281 sau soo tumpu wood for firewood wood for firewood 3. temporal adverb see 7.10.1, 7.11: 282 monifi-ku morondo my dream last night dream-my last.night 283 tula-tula anagha-ini a tale of old story that In 283 anagha-ini is actually a demonstrative pronoun see 5.5.7, but here it functions as a temporal adverb: 4. descriptive ka-nominalization see 5.9.2: 284 kontu ka-rubu a small stone stone NOM-small 285 oe ka-tembe fresh water water NOM-fresh 5. question words see 8.6.2: 286 lambu hae? which house? house what 5 THE NOMINAL PHRASE 129 287 tolu-ghulu [m]eda-no hae? three animals of what kind? three-CLAS like-A.PART what 6. appositive clause see 9.2.4, only possible with certain nouns: 288 bhirita de-faraluu mie the news that they needed news 3pR-need person people 289 tula-tula-no ne-ghawa parasee the story that he got a prize story-its 3sR-get prize 7. focusing adverbs see 7.11.1: 290 isa-no kaawu only his older brother older.sibling-his only 291 se-tonde tora another glass one-glass again 292 ina-ndo dua their mother too mother-their too These adverbs can sometimes even float within an NP, where they end up between other constituents: 293 loso-no kaawu kontu only the holes in the stones hole-POS only stone 294 bhasitie-hi-no dua maitu his relatives too relative-PLUR-his also that 8. appositive noun phrase, which is co-referential with the main noun phrase. An appositive noun phrase constitutes a new nominal phrase which is outside the main noun phrase: 295 no-wora-mo sabhangka-no, ana-no ndoke 3sR-see-PF friend-his child-POS monkey he saw his friend, the baby monkey 296 ne-late bhe ana-no se-mie, o moghane 3sR-live with child-her one-CLAS, ART boy she lived with her only child, a boy 297 o moghane pasole se-bhera ghule se-bhera manusia ART man handsome one-part snake one-part man a handsome man, partly snake and partly man 9. other juxtaposed clauses see 9.2.4: 298 bhai-no naando no-dadi his friends from the time friend-his be 3sR-live he was still alive 299 dawu-mu de-pansa your share of the fishing part-your 3pR-fish 130 A GRAMMAR OF THE MUNA LANGUAGE5.9.2. Descriptive attributes
Parts
» ebook 52 van den Berg Muna 12 11 12
» General introduction 1 Phonology 15 Words and word classes 41 Verbal inflection 50
» The nominal phrase 76 The prepositional phrase 137 The clause 148
» Clausal modifications 195 The sentence 231
» Location Ecology Muna: the island, the people
» Demography Muna: the island, the people
» Housing and economy Social organization Religion
» History Muna: the island, the people
» Previous studies Language boundaries and dialects
» Subgrouping Literature and language use
» Fieldwork Methodology and framework
» Framework Methodology and framework
» Phoneme inventory Phonetic description
» List of contrasts Phoneme frequency
» Syllable structure Syllable and root structure
» Stress Vowel sequences Derivational morphology 275
» Possessive suffix -ndo-do Allomorphy of -Ci and -Cao
» Adaptation of loanwords Derivational morphology 275
» Words Affixes Words, affixes, clitics
» Inflection and derivation Clitics and cliticization
» Word classes Derivational morphology 275
» Noun Individual discussion of word classes
» Verb Individual discussion of word classes
» Pronoun Numeral Quantifier Adverb Preposition
» Word-class changes and double membership Conclusion
» Subject inflection Derivational morphology 275
» Agreement The three verb classes
» Membership of the three verb classes
» Realis and irrealis Derivational morphology 275
» Definition and illustration The definiteness shift
» Derived transitivity and the definiteness shift
» Exceptions to the definiteness shift
» Minor verb-class changes Derivational morphology 275
» Direct object inflection Indirect object inflection
» The missing first person inclusive The form -kaeta
» Inflection and derived constructions
» The common noun Internal structure of the complex noun
» Derivation Reduced pronouns Pronoun as head of NP: modifiers
» The possessive suffixes Possessive constructions with and without linker
» Forms Locative usage Demonstrative pronoun
» Temporal usage Anaphoric usage
» The referential demonstratives Demonstrative pronoun
» Other usages of the referential demonstratives
» Combinations of demonstratives Demonstrative pronoun
» Derivations of demonstratives Demonstrative pronoun
» Co-occurrence restrictions of o
» Variation in usage Particles
» The numeral The measure phrase
» Derivations on numeral bases
» Derivations on measure-phrase bases
» Classifiers The measure phrase
» Measure nouns Quantifiers The measure phrase
» Quantification The measure phrase
» Relative clause as head of NP
» Types of attributes Attributes
» Internal structure of the nominal phrase Combinations and restrictions of modifiers
» The preposition we The preposition te
» The preposition ne Local prepositions
» The preposition bhe Non-local prepositions
» The preposition so The preposition ampa
» Variation and marked orders Complex prepositions
» Bare intransitive clauses Unmarked order: VS
» Existential clauses with naando
» Existential clauses with bhe
» Unmarked order: SVO Transitive clauses
» Zero objects Object agreement
» Experiential clauses Copular clauses
» Equative clauses Derivational morphology 275
» Exclamatory clauses Derivational morphology 275
» Full indirect objects Indirect object extensions
» Oblique indirect objects Indirect object extensions
» IO pronominal suffix Indirect object extensions
» Temporal periphery Temporal, locative and manner periphery
» Locative periphery Manner periphery
» Vocatives Interjections Other peripheral elements
» Fronting Transitivizing Derivational morphology 275
» Factitives Causatives on dynamic intransitive bases
» Causatives on transitive bases
» The negator suano Other negators
» Content questions The interrogative mode
» Questions introduced by soo-mo Other question words Indirect questions
» The imperative verb form The use of free pronouns in imperatives
» Modifying the imperative: affixes and adverbs
» Marked by active participles
» Marked by passive participles Nominalized relative clauses
» Locative relative clauses Free relatives
» Conjoining: introduction Conjoining without conjunction
» Marked by dependent conjunctions
» Alternative Simultaneous Contrastive Derivational morphology 275
» Additive Surprisive Derivational morphology 275
» Conclusive Clarificatory Conditional Derivational morphology 275
» Concessive Reason Derivational morphology 275
» Manner Purpose Derivational morphology 275
» Dubitative Balanced Derivational morphology 275
» Direct speech Indirect speech
» Perfective -mo in narrative discourse
» The clitic -a Derivational morphology 275
» Affixation: summary Derivational morphology 275
» FEKA- FO Affixes and affix-combinations
» FO FOKO- FOKO--U Affixes and affix-combinations
» -GHOO Affixes and affix-combinations
» -HA Affixes and affix-combinations
» -HI Affixes and affix-combinations
» -HO I- -CAO Affixes and affix-combinations
» -CI Affixes and affix-combinations
» KA- Affixes and affix-combinations
» KA--HA Affixes and affix-combinations
» KA- + REDUPLICATION Affixes and affix-combinations
» KI--HA KO- Affixes and affix-combinations
» KO--HA- KO + REDUPLICATION Affixes and affix-combinations
» -MANA MANSI- + REDUPLICATION MANSO- MBA- + REDUPLICATION
» ME-, MO- -MO Affixes and affix-combinations
» -VMU Affixes and affix-combinations
» MPO- + REDUPLICATION NA- NE- NI-
» NGKO- NSA- + REDUPLICATION PA- PAKA- PARA-
» PE- PIKI- PO- Affixes and affix-combinations
» POKA- + REDUPLICATION PONTA- + REDUPLICATION SA-
» SA--HA SI- SI--HA Affixes and affix-combinations
» TA- Affixes and affix-combinations
» TI- TI- TE- -UM--NO, ME--NO, MO--NO
» Partial reduplication Supernumerary reduplication
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