Oblique indirect objects Indirect object extensions

7 THE CLAUSE 177 e. Referent: 227 do-bisara-ghoo anahi-hi-ndo they were talking about their 3pR-speak-IO child-PLUR-their children 228 ae-tula-tula-ghoo monifi-ku I will tell about my dream 1sR-RED-tell-IO dream-my 229 do-po-kamunti-ghoo-mo kolope they were whispering about 3pR-REC-whisper-IO-PF wild.cassava the wild cassava f. Comitative: 230 no-horo-ghoo Wa Ode Kambea Mpatani te lani 3sR-fly-IO Wa Ode Kambea Mpatani loc sky he flew with Wa Ode Kambea Mpatani in the air 231 miina dae-rato-ghoo fonoti they did not come home with not 3pI-arrive-IO shellfish shellfish 232 no-suli-ghoo Wa Ode Ana we lambu-do 3sR-return-IO Wa Ode Ana loc house-their he returned with Wa Ode Ana to their house Comitatives are also found after the preposition bhe with see 6.2.1. g. Following a po-derivation 10.2.41. Verbs prefixed by po- are intransitive. When an extra argument is added to the predicate, either the preposition bhe with is used see 6.2.1, or the verb is suffixed with -ghoo. The semantic roles vary with the meaning of the verb: 233 a-po-guru-ghoo wamba Wuna I am learning Muna 1sR-PO-learn-IO language Muna 234 a-po-ghawa-ghoo anoa I met him 1sR-REC-get-IO he 235 do-po-hala-ti-ghoo robhine they were quarrelling about a 3pR-REC-wrong-TR-IO woman woman 236 do-po-sobo-ghoo oe-no Wulamoni bhe oe sigaahano 3pR-REC-mix-IO water-POS Wulamoni with water other they mixed the water from Wulamoni with other water Sometimes the semantic function is not easily stated: 237 ae-uji-ghoo wamba Malau I took a test in Indonesian 1sR-test-IO language Malay

7.9.2. Oblique indirect objects

There are a few other constructions in which an extra argument on the verb is signalled by the suffix -ghoo. The difference between these and the examples in the preceding section is that these arguments cannot be replaced by the IO pronominal suffixes. For these indirect objects I use the term oblique 178 A GRAMMAR OF THE MUNA LANGUAGE indirect objects. Oblique indirect objects occur in three different construction types: a. When the extra argument is the reflexiveemphatic noun wuto self, which is obligatorily possessed: 238 a-fumaa-e-ghoo wuto-ku I ate it myself 1sR-eat-it-IO self-my 239 me-ghondo-hi-ghoo-mo wuto-mu look for it yourself IMP-look-TR-IO-PF self-your 240 ne-pinde-ghoo wuto-no he chose himself 3sR-choose-IO self-his b. After ko-derivations in which case there is an equative relationship between the base noun in the ko-derivation and the oblique indirect object: 241 do-ko-ana-ghoo-mo dua La Patola 3pR-HAVE-child-IO-PF also ART Patola La Patola was also one of their children lit. they also had the child La Patola 242 inodi-mo ini isa-mu ko-nea-ghoo-no Sihafari I-PF this older-sibling HAVE-name-IO-A.PART Sihafari I am your older brother, whose name is Sihafari 243 na-ko-gholi-ghoo na-se-tali bheta aitu 3sI-HAVE-price-IO FUT-one-30.cent sarong that that sarong will cost 30 cents 244 no-ko-bhirita-ghoo-mo no-saki the news arrived that he was ill 3sR-HAVE-news-IO-PF 3sR-ill In this last example the oblique indirect object is a clause which stands in an appositional relationship to the noun bhirita see 9.2.4. c. After numeral verbs; the oblique object signals one of the included members of the set, not an extra member: 245 do-pipitu-ghoo inodi we were seven, including myself 1pR-seven-IO I 246 sa-kawi-no kolaki-no liwu ini do-ompulu-ghoo-mo SA-marry-POS leader-POS village this 3pR-ten-IO-PF robhine amaitu woman that with that woman included, the village chief has ten wives 247 ne-faraluu anahi robhine da-fato-fulu-po-paa-ghoo ana-no 3sR-need child woman 3pI-four-ten-RED-four-IO child-her she needed forty-four girls, including her own child 7 THE CLAUSE 179

7.9.3. IO pronominal suffix